变形-损伤耦合的起塑性恒压轴对称充模胀形的有限元模拟

采用大变形刚粘塑性有限元法模拟超塑性恒压轴对称充模胀形过程、分析了模具几何参数及材料参数对胀形过程中材料的流变行为、胀形制许厚度分布和成形时间的影响规律。给出了质点的流动轨迹、不同时刻制件的剖面形状及应力、应变分布；基于修正的Gurson粘塑性势推导了内部空洞体积分数累积增大模型并据此进行了变形-损伤耦合计算．     

宽板塑性弯曲成形过程中的板厚变化规律

根据宽板弯曲过程中的变形与应力分布特征，提出了一种计算弯曲过程中板料厚度随弯曲程度变化的新的近似解答方法．该方法基于塑性增量理论，应用塑性成形过程的体积不变假设和弯曲过程的平面假设．作为算例，得到了理想刚塑性材料的板料厚度、变薄系数以及应变中性层内移系数随板料弯曲内表面曲率半径变化的规律，并与实验数据进行了比较，两吻合良好．     

变形—损伤耦合的超塑性恒压轴对称充模胀形的有限元模拟

采用大变形刚粘塑性有限元法模拟超塑性恒压轴对称充模胀形过程，分析了模具几何参数及材料参数对胀形过程中材料的流变行为、胀形制件厚度分布和成形时间的影响规律，给出了质点的流动轨迹，不同时刻制件的剖面形状及应力、应变分布；基于修正的Ｇｕｒｓｏｎ粘塑性势推导了内部空洞体积分数累积增大模型并据此进行了变形－损伤耦合计算。     

任意边界形状的二维刚塑性成形过程的无网格分析方法

将无网格伽辽金方法引入到塑性成形过程模拟,结合刚塑性材料假设,提出了基于刚塑性理论的无网格伽辽金方法,推导了其刚度矩阵方程和求解列式,给出了模具形状任意的二维塑性成形问题摩擦力边界条件的施加方法以及无网格方法应用于任意边界形状的塑性成形问题时的坐标转换关系,建立了无网格方法模拟任意边界形状的塑性成形问题的步骤,并编写了相应的计算程序。应用建立的方法对典型塑性成形过程进行了无网格方法分析,通过与刚塑性有限元方法分析结果的比较,验证了本文所建立方法的可行性。     

板材成形的计算机辅助工程系统

板材成形同时包含大变形、（粘）塑性、接触、摩擦等多种非线性因素耦合,刊用有限元法在计算机上模拟出板材从坯件到成品的全过程并加以图形显示,进而研究影响成形的各种因素,可以为板材成形的设计和生产提供可靠依据．本文介绍板材成形的计算机辅助工程系统（简称ＣＡＥ系统）的组成,并对成形数值模拟中的有限元格式、接触与摩擦问题、拉伸筋的考虑方法以及回弹的计算方法做了简单介绍．      

有限变形计算中的体积不可压缩问题

在金属材料塑性成形的数值模拟中 ,由于变形通常很大 ,有限变形理论被广泛采用。但由于有限变形下 ,塑性本构理论的研究相对欠缺 ,还未建立起较为公认的理论。塑性体积不可压缩是公认的结果 ,但在有限变形下如何描述体积不可压缩则必须为人们所关注。本文重点讨论了这一问题 ,认为必须完全抛弃以εii=0作为体积不可压缩条件 ,否则不仅将会给计算带来很大误差 ,而且还会导致计算不收敛     

端部受斜撞击作用悬臂梁的弹塑性动力响应模式

基于大变形动力控制方程并利用有限差分离散分析,研究了斜撞击作用下弹塑性悬臂梁的动力响应．通过对屈服函数以及弯矩、轴力在动力响应过程中分布规律的分析,阐明了斜撞击下恳臂梁的弹塑性动力响应模式和斜撞击的轴向分量对变形机制的影响．研究表明,弹塑性响应过程可划分为四个阶段,对应的变形模式为：“压缩塑性区扩展”模式,“广义移行塑性铰”和“压缩塑性区收缩”混合模式,“驻定塑性铰”模式,“弹性自由振动”模式．与刚塑性分析所假定的两相变形模式比较,弹塑性应响分析证实了响应早期的瞬态轴向压缩模式和梁根部“驻定塑性铰”模式的存在性,肯定了刚塑性分析所假定变形模式的主要特征．斜撞击的轴向分量在撞击发生的瞬时主导了梁的变形,使梁呈现同承受横向冲击明显小同的变形规律．随着响应的深入,轴向分量迅速衰减,其对截面屈服的贡献非常微弱,由横向分量引起的弯曲挠动在大部分时间内主导和控制梁的变形．数值计算结果表明,斜撞击载荷的质量、撞击速度和角度是影响梁动力响应的重要因素．     

粘塑性材料成形过程的有限元分析

为了确定大型铝机轮等温锻造的变形力及揭示轮缘处形成折叠的原因,本文用刚一粘塑性有限元法对模拟件的成形过程进行了全面数值模拟。模拟计算和实验结果表明,有限元确定的等温锻造过程的变形力,可作为选择设备吨位的依据,根据刚-粘塑性有限元法所预测的金属流动规律,发现零件的形状很大程度上决定了轮缘处容易形成折叠。适当改进模具结构和改善润滑条件,有助于避免折叠缺陷的产生。     

关于C-φ土中速度场所满足的条件

本文指出了,对于按塑性势理论导出本构关系的理想刚塑性c-φ土的平面变形问题,塑性区的速度场所应满足的条件;并且证明了,塑性比功率D≥0及初始塑性流动将伴随体积膨胀率的两个条件,是等价的。     

关于C-φ土中速度场所满足的条件

本文指出了,对于按塑性势理论导出本构关系的理想刚塑性c-φ土的平面变形问题,塑性区的速度场所应满足的条件;并且证明了,塑性比功率D≥0及初始塑性流动将伴随体积膨胀率的两个条件,是等价的。     

ZrCuNiAlAg块体非晶合金JH-2模型研究

为了更好的进行ZrCuNiAlAg块体非晶合金药型罩的爆炸成形及侵彻仿真研究,首要就是建立其材料模型。本文结合ZrCuNiAlAg块体非晶合金力学性能试验结果计算得到了材料的JH-2模型参数,研究确定了ZrCuNiAlAg块体非晶合金JH-2模型。为了验证ZrCuNiAlAg块体非晶合金JH-2模型的准确性,采用Autodyn建立了平板撞击试验有限元模型,模拟了ZrCuNiAlAg块体非晶合金材料在高压、高应变率等环境条件下的变形过程,仿真计算得到的靶板背面自由面粒子速度与试验结果相比,速度平均偏差均在3%以内,表明ZrCuNiAlAg块体非晶合金JH-2模型能很好的描述该材料在大变形、高应变率、高压等环境条件下的力学行为,验证了ZrCuNiAlAg块体非晶合金JH-2模型准确性。     

Comparison of stochastic and interval methods for uncertainty quantification of metal forming processes

Various sources of uncertainty can arise in metal forming processes, or their numerical simulation, or both, such as uncertainty in material behavior, process conditions, and geometry. Methods from the domain of uncertainty quantification can help assess the impact of such uncertainty on metal forming processes and their numerical simulation, and they can thus help improve robustness and predictive accuracy. In this paper, we compare stochastic methods and interval methods, two classes of methods receiving broad attention in the domain of uncertainty quantification, through their application to a numerical simulation of a sheet metal forming process.     

A MODIFIED ALGORITHM FOR DEALING WITH HOLDER FRICTION BOUNDARY CONDITION IN SIMULATION OF SHEET METAL FORMING

I. INTRODUCTIONSheet metal forming is an important metal forming technology, which has found wide applicationin automobile body, especially car body production[1]. With the constantly increasing demand forshape, quality and dimension precision of stamped products, engineers are urged to keep improvingand perfecting the forming process, which also makes the numerical simulation technology for sheetmetal forming based on elasto-plastic large deformation FEM theory[2??6] employed more exten…     

板材多点成形过程的有限元分析

多点成形过程采用静力隐式格式进行数值模拟是比较合适的。本文建立了用于多点成形过程分析的静力隐式弹塑性大变形有限元方法 ,给出了对稳定迭代收敛过程效果较好的板壳有限单元模型、处理多点不连续接触边界的接触单元方法以及增量变形过程中应力及塑性应变计算的多步回映计算方法。基于这些方法编制了计算软件 ,应用该软件进行了矩形板的液压胀形过程及球形模具拉伸成形过程的有限元分析 ,数值计算结果与典型的实验结果及计算结果吻合很好。最后给出了球形、圆柱形目标形状的实际多点成形过程的数值模拟结果。     

DEM speedup: Stiffness effects on behavior of bulk material

A number of techniques exist for minimizing the computational cost of discrete element simulations (DEMs). One such method is a reduction of particle stiffness, which allows for bigger time steps and therefore fewer iterations in a simulation. However, the limits and drawbacks of this approach are still unclear, and may lead to invalid results. This paper investigates the effect of a stiffness reduction on bulk behavior by examining three case studies. Two cases demonstrate that particle stiffness can be reduced without affecting the bulk material behavior, whereas the third test shows that a stiffness reduction influences the bulk behavior.     

DEM speedup： Stiffness effects on behavior of bulk material

A number of techniques exist for minimizing the computational cost of discrete element simulations （DEMs）. One such method is a reduction of particle stiffness, which allows for bigger time steps and therefore fewer iterations in a simulation. However, the limits and drawbacks of this approach are still unclear, and may lead to invalid results. This paper investigates the effect of a stiffness reduction on bulk behavior by examining three case studies. Two cases demonstrate that particle stiffness can be reduced without affecting the bulk material behavior, whereas the third test shows that a stiffness reduction influences the bulk behavior.     

液体药再生喷射燃烧特性的实验研究

利用逆向式再生环形喷射装置，研究了高速喷射条件下液体的点火燃烧性能。实验研究发现:喷射条件下液体药的点火燃烧性能较整装式液体装药容易实现一致性，且燃速大幅度增加。同时研究了伴随再生喷射燃烧过程所出现的高频压力振荡，分析了高频压力振荡产生的原因。提出了液体药喷射条件下点火延迟度的概念，它可作为评价ＲＬＰＧ点火器工作性能的指标之一。利用喷射点火延迟度的概念，比较了液体药喷射点火延迟性能对于喷口面积、活塞质量、液体药粘度及液体药能量等参量变化的敏感性。     

高强度钢板热成形数值模拟-静力显式

在已建立的高强度钢热成形热、力、相变耦合本构方程的基础上,基于虚功率方程及持续平衡方程建立了热成形静力显式多场耦合有限元列武。将热成形过程中的相变潜热引入温度场,并进行了有限元分析;在自主开发的商业化金属成形CAE软件KMAS(King-Mesh Analysis System)基础上,开发了考虑多场耦合的非线性、大变...     

SECTIONAL FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF COUPLED DEFORMATION BETWEEN ELASTOPLASTIC SHEET METAL AND VISCO-ELASTOPLASTIC BODY

The present paper is devoted to developing a new numerical simulation method for the analysis of viscous pressure forming (VPF), which is a sheet flexible-die forming (FDF) process. The pressure-carrying medium used in VPF is one kind of semisolid, flowable and viscous material and its deformation behavior can be described by the visco-elastoplastic constitutive model. A sectional finite element model for the coupled deformation analysis between the visco- elastoplastic pressure-carrying medium and the elastoplastic sheet metal is proposed. The resolution of the Updated Lagrangian (UL) formulation is based on a static explicit approach. The frictional contact between sheet metal and visco-elastoplastic pressure-carrying medium is treated by the penalty function method. Coupled deformation between sheet metal and visco-elastoplastic pressure-carrying medium with large slip is analyzed to validate the developed algorithm. Finally, the viscous pressure bulging (VPB) process of DC06 sheet metal is simulated. Good agreement between numerical simulation results and experimental measurements shows the validity of the developed algorithm.     

Generalised forming limit diagrams showing increased forming limits with non-planar stress states

The forming limit diagram and its associated analytical and experimental techniques has been widely used for 40 years with the assumption that sheet deformation occurs inplane-stress. Some hydro-forming type processes induce significant normal stress across the workpiece and this has led to a small number of extended formability analyses. However, recent work on the incremental sheet forming process which is known to give higher formability than conventional sheet pressing has shown that the repeated passage of a tool over the sheet leads to significant through-thickness shear strains being induced in the workpiece. Accordingly this paper explores the forming limits of sheet forming processes which induce any possible proportional loading, including all six components of the symmetric stress tensor. Marciniak and Kuczyinski’s famous (1967) analysis is extended to allow such loading, and a new generalised forming limit diagram (GFLD) is proposed to allow visual representation of the resulting forming limit strains. The GFLD demonstrates that forming limits can be increased significantly by both normal compressive stress and through-thickness shear. This increased formability is confirmed by experiments on a specially designed ‘linear paddle testing’ apparatus in which a conventional uniaxial test is augmented by the action of a paddle that ‘strokes’ the sample while also applying a normal force. Tests on the rig show that the paddle action leads to enhanced engineering strains at failure up to 300%. The insight gained in this paper is significant for process analysts, as it may explain existing discrepancies between prediction and experience of forming limits, and is important for designers who may be able to use it to expand process operating windows.