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The Colloidal Stabilization of Carbon with Carbon: Carbon Nanobubbles as both Dispersant and Glue for Carbon Nanotubes 下载免费PDF全文
Dr. Danuta Kuzmicz M. Sc. Simon Prescher Dr. Frank Polzer Dr. Sebastian Soll Christoph Seitz Prof. Markus Antonietti Dr. Jiayin Yuan 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2014,53(4):1062-1066
The superior physical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have led to their broad application. Intrinsically, CNTs tend to agglomerate from hydrophobic interactions, which is highly undesirable for solution processing and device fabrication. Commonly, a stabilizer consisting of organic surfactants or polymers is used to disperse CNTs. Recently, we synthesized nitrogen‐doped carbon hollow nanospheres (25–90 nm), termed carbon “nanobubbles”. They bear superior dispersability in water and distinctive graphitic order. Herein, we describe the nanobubble‐assisted dispersion of CNTs in aqueous solution upon sonication. This process relies on the π–π interaction between the two aromatic carbon nanostructures, which can process their carbon mixture in water into conductive filter membranes, ink, and discs. This stabilization can be extended to other aromatic carbons. In addition, the π–π interaction may create a new type of carbon p–n junction that can be used to improve charge separation. 相似文献
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The adsorption of CO2 on a raw activated carbon A and three modified activated carbon samples B, C, and D at temperatures ranging from 303 to 333 K and the thermodynamics of adsorption have been investigated using a vacuum adsorption apparatus in order to obtain more information about the effect of CO2 on removal of organic sulfur-containing compounds in industrial gases. The active ingredients impregnated in the carbon samples show significant influence on the adsorption for CO2 and its volumes adsorbed on modified carbon samples B, C, and D are all larger than that on the raw carbon sample A. On the other hand, the physical parameters such as surface area, pore volume, and micropore volume of carbon samples show no influence on the adsorbed amount of CO2. The Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) equation was the best model for fitting the adsorption data on carbon samples A and B, while the Preundlich equation was the best fit for the adsorption on carbon samples C and D. The isosteric heats of adsorption on carbon samples A, B, C, and D derived from the adsorption isotherms using the Clapeyron equation decreased slightly increasing surface loading. The heat of adsorption lay between 10.5 and 28.4 kJ/mol, with the carbon sample D having the highest value at all surface coverages that were studied. The observed entropy change associated with the adsorption for the carbon samples A, B, and C (above the surface coverage of 7 ml/g) was lower than the theoretical value for mobile adsorption. However, it was higher than the theoretical value for mobile adsorption but lower than the theoretical value for localized adsorption for carbon sample D. 相似文献
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The growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs) on substrates has attracted great interests because of the potential applications in various fields. Carbon monoxide(CO) was used as the carbon source for the growth of SWCNTs on silicon substrates. Random or oriented SWCNTs can be produced by varying the CO flow rate. When the flow rate of CO was as low as 20 sccm(sccm:standard cubic centimeter per minute), dense SWCNT networks with clean surface were produced. When the flow rate was above 50 sccm, vertically aligned SWCNT(VA-SWCNT) arrays were grown. Well-aligned VA-SWCNT arrays were obtained in the temperature range of 650-800℃ and the content of large-diameter(above 1.7 nm) tubes in the array increased with the temperature. The height of the array was affected by the growth temperature, the CO flow rate, and the growth time. These findings indicate CO can be used as an efficient carbon source for the growth of SWCNTs on substrates under low flow rates. 相似文献
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利用埃洛石纳米管(HNTs)特有的中空纳米结构,以及丰富的界面化学性质,以聚乙烯醇(PVA)为碳源,采用浸渍填充纳米孔方法实现了一步制备一维碳纳米管(CNTs)/碳纳米棒(CNRs)混合纳米碳材料。考察模板剂(HNTs)和碳源(PVA)之间的比例关系对混合纳米碳材料的结构影响,利用XRD、FTIR、Raman、N2吸附-脱附测试、TEM、SEM以及电阻率和分散性等表征手段分析混合纳米碳材料的结构变化。结果发现,PVA填充含量的增加将导致产物中CNRs的质量分数增加;当PVA和HNTs质量之比为1∶1时,所制备的CNTs/CNRs的孔体积达到最大值2.142 cm~3·g-1,比表面积达到583 m~2·g-1,并且表现出较好的电导率和分散性,表明低的PVA填充比例制备的混合碳材料中CNTs含量较高。 相似文献
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Some of the most significant discoveries and achievements concerning the mass spectra and gas phase ion chemistry of carbon clusters are reviewed. These include (1) nanosecond and femtosecond laser ionizations; (2) ion structures through ion/molecule reactions, ion chromatography, and computational methods; (3) carbon cluster cooling through radiative decay, dissociative decay, and thermionic emission; (4) mechanisms and energetics of fragmentation reactions; (5) endohedral fullerenes including recent data on ion beam implantation, and (6) ion chemistry as a function of the fullerene charge state. 相似文献
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由于二氧化碳无色无味,又存在于大气中,因此它在植物生长中的重要性被人类忽略了。其实二氧化碳是光合作用的反应物,是植物生长的重要原料;又是一种新型绿色肥料。人类应该着力开发以二氧化碳为原料的新型肥料发展低碳经济。 相似文献
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Palladium-Catalyzed Addition of Carbon Monoxide and Carbon Tetrachloride to 1-Octene in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The Pd-catalyzed addition of carbon monoxide and carbon tetrachloride to 1-octene gave coadduct [alkyl 2-( 2, 2, 2-trichloroethyl)octanoate] as the major product in supercritical carbon dioxide by using pyridine as the base. It was found that the selectivity and the yield of coadduct were greatly affected by the pressure of carbon dioxide, the reaction temperature and the amounts of alcohol and base used. 相似文献
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碳纳米管含量对炭炭复合材料组织及力学性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
炭纤维上原位合成了均匀生长且具有伸张形貌的碳纳米管,借助化学气相渗透制备了碳纳米管增强的炭炭复合材料,研究了不同含量的碳纳米管对炭炭复合材料组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:炭纤维上生长碳纳米管改变了热解炭的沉积行为,诱导了各向同性热解炭的生成,且随着碳纳米管含量的增加,各向同性热解炭的厚度增加,但是复合材料的d002值却明显降低。微量的碳纳米管即可显著提高复合材料的力学强度,随着其含量的增加,复合材料的力学强度和模量迅速提高,但材料的断裂行为却急剧恶化,断裂模式由最初的假塑性断裂转变为脆性断裂。 相似文献
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碳/碳复合材料碳源化合物乙苯热裂解机理的热力学研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
主要采用Gaussian 03程序中的密度泛函理论(DFT),在UB3LYP/6-31G*水平上对碳材料用碳源化合物乙苯的初期热裂解反应机理进行了研究.对反应物和产物的结构进行了能量梯度法全优化,计算了不同温度下(298~1573 K)的热力学参数.结果表明:在298~1573 K下,热力学首先支持生成甲苯自由基和甲基自由基的反应为主反应路径.低温下,生成苯乙基自由基(α位脱氢)的反应比例大于生成苯基自由基的反应,而高温下(823 K),生成苯基自由基的反应比例大于苯乙基自由基(α位脱氢)的反应. 相似文献
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介绍碳的新的同素异形体glitter碳的结构及螺共轭特征,对碳的同素异形体的结构进行了比较。 相似文献
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Carbon nanotube enhanced electrochemically activated glassy carbon electrode (GCE) has been prepared and applied for sensitive electrochemical determination of DNA and DNA bases. The results indicate that the relative activation could efficiently enhance electron transfer at the pretreated GCE so that this carbon nanotube activated glassy carbon electrode could provide relatively low detection limit with good reproducibility for the respective biomolecular determination. Besides, greatly enhanced sensitivity could be obtained for the relevant electrochemical detection of the bio‐recognition process including DNA biosensing by using the carbon nanotube activated GCE. This approach provided a detection limit of 7.5 nM for guanine and 150 ng/mL for acid denatured DNA. These observations suggest that the carbon nanotube activated glassy carbon electrode could be utilized as a very sensitive and stable biosensor for some specific biological process. 相似文献
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使用新型含氮聚合物席夫碱为炭源, SBA-15为模板,通过纳米铸型法原位合成微孔-中孔-大孔串联的多级孔富氮炭材料.材料的比表面积为752 m2·g-1,孔容0.79 cm3·g-1; X光电子能谱分析表明炭材料中的氮含量高达7.85%(w).将所制备的多孔炭材料应用于CO2的吸附分离,发现炭材料的微孔发挥主导作用,表面氮掺杂发挥辅助作用.在两者的协同作用下, CO2吸附量在常压、273 K下可达97 cm3·g-1, CO2/N2和CO2/CH4的分离比(摩尔比)分别为7.0和3.2,低压亨利吸附选择性分别为23.3和4.2.采用Toth模型对单组分平衡吸附进行拟合,并根据理想溶液吸附理论(IAST)预测双组分CO2/N2和CO2/CH4混合气体的分离选择性分别为40和18. 相似文献
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活性磁铁矿上CO2直接还原成C的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
活性磁铁矿上CO_2直接还原成C的研究张春雷,吴通好,杨洪茂,姜玉子,彭少逸(吉林大学化学系,长春,130023)(中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所,太原)关键词CO_2还原,阳离子过量,磁铁矿,炭,氧作为温室气体,CO2的大量排放及其在大气层中的不断积... 相似文献
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采用流动体系、管式反应器、气相色谱分析法对高浓度CO气体中微量CO_2气体的脱除进行了考察,筛选出了最佳脱除剂并肯定了它的寿命及各种因素的影响。实验结果表明,脱除剂的脱除能力与CO_2起始浓度成正比。CO_2起始浓度较高时,CD-Rcm-1是最佳脱除剂;CO_2起始浓度较低时,CD-Rem-4,CD-Rem-5是最佳脱除剂。脱除压力对脱除能力影响较大。再生次数对脱除能力影响不显著。活化或再生的温度不低于300℃时,对CD-Rem_4和CD-Rem-5的脱除能力影响甚小。 相似文献
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