激光在汽车工业中的发展现状与应用

介绍了近年来激光技术在汽车工业中的几项重要应用，详述了激光在诸如激光焊接、激光打标、激光热处理和激光切割等有关汽车工业技术中的应用状况，同时对汽车工业中所用激光类型进行了归类。最后综述了半导体激光器泵浦全固态激光器以及短脉冲和超短脉冲激光的应用前景。     

飞秒频率梳和单频激光干涉光谱的实验研究

本文研究了光学频率梳输出的整形后飞秒脉冲激光和单频激光的干涉光谱。实验中光学频率梳和单频激光干涉的信号包括直流项、光学频率梳输出的脉冲激光相邻模式之间的干涉项和光学频率梳脉冲激光与单频激光之间的干涉项。实验上研究了光学频率梳脉冲激光与单频激光干涉信号间距和单频激光频率的关系,提供了一种快速直接测量单频激光频率的有效方法。研究了光学频率梳输出的飞秒脉冲光经过铷泡后与单频激光干涉信号和单频激光频率的关系,获得铷原子吸收光谱。该研究工作对于原子分子高精密光谱测量具有一定的意义。     

战场激光防护技术

分析了战场激光威胁。从激光防护的原理和技术途径出发，论述了激光防护的方法。介绍了几种典型的激光防护装置，并对激光防护技术的发展提出了几点看法。     

激光防护材料的研究现状及发展

根据激光辐射对眼睛的损伤规律,分析了激光对人眼的损伤。介绍了激光防护材料的技术指标。从激光防护的原理和途径出发,可将激光防护材料分为基于线性光学原理的防护材料和基于非线性光学原理的防护材料。简述了基于线性光学原理和非线性光学原理的各种激光防护材料的特点及其国内外研究进展情况,并指出了今后激光防护材料的发展方向。     

光学元件的激光损伤问题

光学元件是各类激光系统不可或缺的光学功能实现部件,其性能决定了激光系统的输出能力和光束质量。光学元件的激光损伤问题从激光发明起就一直伴随着激光技术的发展,随着激光新技术的发展和激光新应用的牵引,激光的波段、脉冲宽度以及重复频率等参数不断拓宽,使得激光损伤问题更加复杂,但万变不离其宗,激光损伤问题的核心是光学元件或光学材料对激光的吸收机制问题。从激光与光学材料相互作用的基本原理出发,以惯性约束聚变（ICF）激光驱动器应用的典型光学材料和光学元件为研究对象,回顾了针对光学元件的激光损伤问题开展的科研工作,总结了在此期间形成的关键技术和里程碑进展,同时也对依然困扰该领域的几类光学元件存在的问题瓶颈以及进一步研究发展趋势进行了展望。     

机载激光通信系统发展现状与趋势

本文首先介绍了激光通信的突出地位和重大成果,说明机载激光通信技术的先进性和重要性。然后阐明了机载激光通信系统的工作原理,说明进行机载激光通信研究的可行性。接着简要叙述了机载激光通信系统的发展历史和国内外研究现状,重点对其性能指标和技术特点进行了分析。在此基础上,提出了机载激光通信的关键技术,并指出其应用前景和发展趋势。在不久的未来,机载激光通信将会成为信息化战争必不可少的通信手段。     

激光50华诞

2010年是激光诞生50周年.文章回忆了激光发明的历史沿革,简要讨论了受激光发射的物理模型、激光的特性,详细回顾了激光发明后50年间激光器件、技术、应用和产业的发展大事记,介绍了对激光和光电子学作出重大贡献的先驱和科学家,并对一些相关学科和重要应用做了概述.     

基于激光等离子体加速的自由电子激光研究新进展

激光等离子体加速器能够在cm尺度内产生GeV量级的高品质电子束,为研制台式化自由电子激光提供驱动源。但是受限于激光等离子体加速中的难点和现有技术发展,电子束的品质难以达到自由电子激光的需求,尤其在稳定性、发散角和能散等方面,阻碍了台式化自由电子激光的研制。介绍了基于激光等离子体加速器的自由电子激光的最新进展,整理了目前高增益自由电子激光实验过程中存在的主要挑战和对应的解决方案与实验进展,并展望未来的发展方向。最近的研究结果证明,通过控制和优化激光等离子体加速器的注入和加速过程产生的高品质电子束可以在指数增益区域实现自发辐射放大,产生高增益的辐射,这也推动基于激光等离子体加速器的自由电子激光研究进入了一个新的阶段。     

准分子激光电化学刻蚀金属的研究

为了探寻准分子激光电化学刻蚀工艺的特性,采用功率密度大的248nm准分子激光聚焦照射浸在溶液中的金属表面,实现了一种激光电化学刻蚀复合工艺。在实验的基础上,通过对激光电化学刻蚀金属和硅的基本形貌进行比较和分析,研究了该工艺的工艺特性。研究结果表明,该复合工艺为激光直接刻蚀和激光热诱导电化学刻蚀。其中激光热诱导电化学刻蚀是通过激光的光热效应和由激光诱导的冲击波来实现对腐蚀液和材料的冲击、微搅拌等作用的。     

激光推进冲量耦合系数的测量方法

 激光推进冲量耦合系数是激光推进的重要参数，反映激光能量转化为动能的能力。提出了水平双线支撑激光推进试验方法，推导了水平双线支撑激光推进时光船的运动方程和测量方程；通过高速相机测量位移，利用卡尔曼滤波计算速度的方法；解决了激光脉冲瞬间作用时速度随机起伏大和计算困难的问题。为水平激光推进冲量耦合系数的计算，提供了工程测量和计算方法。     

High-resolution cavity-tuned ringdown spectrometer using a narrow-bandwidth pulsed laser source

A novel method of cavity ringdown spectroscopy is proposed to achieve high spectral resolution with tunable narrow bandwidth pulsed lasers. We demonstrate a cavity-tuned ringdown configuration in which only a single cavity mode is kept excited near the carrier frequency of a narrow bandwidth pulse laser. This is done simply by making a cavity resonance actively track the frequency reference served by the cw injection seed of the pulsed laser source. We present the servo mechanism used in the cavity resonance tracking, reliable procedures for transverse mode matching, and the evidence of single longitudinal mode excitation. The spectrometer performance is tested to record weak molecular overtone features of acetylene around the wavelength of 570 nm, showing cavity tracking stability within 5-MHz uncertainty which overcomes the bandwidth limit of pulsed laser sources itself. PACS 42.62.Fi; 42.60.Da; 33.20.Kf     

A tunable,single mode,injection-locked flashlamp pumped dye laser

A tunable, very narrow bandwidth, flashpumped dye laser is described. Publse energies up to 50 mJ at a bandwidth of less than 30 MHz, and with a divergence of 0.4 mrad, are obtained. Spectral narrowing and tuning is achieved by injection locking of the pulsed laser to the radiation, of a tunable cw dye laser. The cavity is designed for single longitudinal and transverse mode operation, with a mode diameter large enough to fill the active medium. This work was supported in part by the Israel commission for Basic Research, and in part by a grant from the United States Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF), Jerusalem, Israel.     

提高X光激光相干性的镶嵌靶的研究

 在以锗等离子体为增益介质的X光激光实验研究中，使用铜锗镶嵌靶可以获得一维横向宽度很窄的柱状等离子体，这有利于X光激光的单横模输出。本文对铜锗镶嵌靶进行了实验研究。     

Single higher-order transverse mode operation of a radially polarized Nd:YAG laser using an annularly reflectivity-modulated photonic crystal coupler

We demonstrate single higher-order transverse mode operation of a radially polarized Nd:YAG laser by using a polarization-selective and reflectivity-modulated output coupler. A narrow annular region with low reflectivity fabricated in a photonic crystal mirror behaves so as to select a higher-order transverse mode of a cylindrically symmetric laser beam. A double-ring-shaped radially polarized TM(02) mode beam is stably generated.     

Achieving single-lobed far-field patterns of broad area laser diode with external cavity feedback

We demonstrate a technique for single transverse mode operation of high-power broad area laser diode (BAL). In the experiment, the HR mirror is used as an external cavity mirror and the grating is used as a wavelength selective component. By tiling the HR mirror and the grating, the number of transverse modes oscillating in the cavity can be limited and the spectral bandwidth of the laser diode can be reduced. A single-lobed near diffraction-limited laser beam with the beam divergence (FWHM) of 0.43°, the spectral line-width of 0.7 nm and the output power of 350 mW are obtained. With the feedback, the power density of the output laser beam is increased 6 times in comparison with the free running.     

猫眼腔激光器的横模变换与频率分裂

为了产生多种激光横模,以前的系统相对比较复杂,而且一般只能产生基横模和低阶横模,很难产生高阶横模,同时也很难观察到模竞争中一个频率抑制另一个频率的变化过程。基于猫眼谐振腔激光器和频率分裂技术,提出了一种新型的激光原理综合实验系统。该系统利用猫眼逆向器作为He-Ne激光器的一个腔镜,通过调节猫眼逆向器中两镜片间距可输出包括基横模、低阶横模、高阶横模在内的十余种典型横模,并可完成纵模、偏振、出光带宽等多种激光基本特性的实验。同时在基横模状态下,利用谐振腔内加入的石英晶体片可实现激光频率分裂及其频差调节。在此基础上又可实现完整的模竞争过程的观察。     

利用金属贴片电磁带隙结构在金属波导中创建准横电磁波

为解决准横电磁(TEM)模波导工作带宽较窄的问题,提出采用金属贴片电磁带隙(EBG)结构在金属波导中创建准TEM波.通过理论分析和数值计算,研究金属贴片EBG结构创建准TEM波导对展宽带宽、改善传输特性和增强准TEM波电场分布均匀性的作用.模拟结果表明,在频率14 GHz附近,金属贴片EBG将TE₁₀模成功转换成准TEM模,转换带宽达到1.7 GHz,且在波导横截面83.9%的面积上电场分布均匀性达到84.7%. 关键词： 电磁带隙 金属贴片电磁带隙结构 磁导体 准横电磁模波导     

Physics and technology of tunable pulsed single longitudinal mode dye laser

Design and technology demonstration of compact, narrow bandwidth, high repetition rate, tunable SLM dye lasers in two different configurations, namely Littrow and grazing incidence grating (GIG), were carried out in our lab at BARC, India. The single longitudinal mode (SLM) dye laser generates single-mode laser beams of ∼400 MHz (GIG configuration) and ∼600 MHz (Littrow configuration) bandwidth. Detailed performance studies of the Littrow and GIG dye laser resonators showed that GIG dye laser results in narrower linewidth and broad mode hop free wavelength scanning over 70 GHz. In this paper we present experimental studies carried out on the high repetition rate SLM dye laser system.     

Prism reflectors for high power lasers

A new type of laser reflector is described in which the laser beam is split by frustrated total internal reflection and the components combined again. It has the properties of high reflectivity, high damage resistance, wide bandwidth and variable reflectivity. The design of two particular reflectors is discussed and their performance evaluated. One of these reflectors has the property of lateral inversion of the reflected beam, which is found to aid transverse mode selection in a ruby laser. As an application of the reflectors, a damage free, single transverse mode, mode-locked ruby laser is described.     

Mode and modulation characteristics for microsquare lasers with a vertex output waveguide

The mode and high-speed modulation characteristics are investigated for a microsquare laser with a side length of 16 ?m and a 2-?m-wide output waveguide connected to one vertex. The longitudinal and transverse mode characteristics are analyzed by numerical simulation and light ray model, and compared with the lasing spectra for the microsquare laser. Up to the fifth transverse mode is observed clearly from the lasing spectra. Single mode operation with the side mode suppression ratio of 41 d B is realized at the injection current of 24 m A, and the maximum output power of 0.53(0.18) m W coupled into the multiple(single) mode fiber is obtained at the current of 35 m A, for the microsquare laser at the temperature of 288 K. Furthermore, a flat small-signal modulation response is reached with the 3-d B bandwidth of 16.2 GHz and the resonant peak of 3.6 d B at the bias current of 34 m A. The K-factor of 0.22 ns is obtained by fitting the damping factor versus the resonant frequency, which implies a maximum intrinsic 3-d B bandwidth of 40 GHz.