光学元件的激光损伤问题

光学元件是各类激光系统不可或缺的光学功能实现部件，其性能决定了激光系统的输出能力和光束质量。光学元件的激光损伤问题从激光发明起就一直伴随着激光技术的发展，随着激光新技术的发展和激光新应用的牵引，激光的波段、脉冲宽度以及重复频率等参数不断拓宽，使得激光损伤问题更加复杂，但万变不离其宗，激光损伤问题的核心是光学元件或光学材料对激光的吸收机制问题。从激光与光学材料相互作用的基本原理出发，以惯性约束聚变（ICF）激光驱动器应用的典型光学材料和光学元件为研究对象，回顾了针对光学元件的激光损伤问题开展的科研工作，总结了在此期间形成的关键技术和里程碑进展，同时也对依然困扰该领域的几类光学元件存在的问题瓶颈以及进一步研究发展趋势进行了展望。

Tracking and understanding laser damage events in optics

Optics are indispensable components for realizing optical functions of various laser systems, and their performances determine the output capability and beam quality of the laser system. Laser damage of optics have accompanied the developments of laser technologies since the invention of laser. With the development of new laser technologies and tractions of new laser applications, laser parameters such as the wavelength, pulse width and repetition frequency have been expanded, making laser damage more complicated. However, remaining essentially the same, the core of laser damage is the absorption mechanism of optics or optical materials. Starting from the basic principles of the interaction between laser and optical materials, this paper focuses on the typical optical materials and optics used in domestic inertial confinement fusion (ICF) laser drivers, and reviews the scientific research on laser damage of optics. Then, it summarizes the key technologies and milestone progress formed during this period. At last, it predicts several types of bottleneck optics that still plagued this field as well as the development of further research.