CdSe nanocrystals in novel phosphate glass matrix

The CdSe nanoparticles have been prepared in the novel glass matrix P₂O₅–Na₂O–ZnO–Li₂O. The prepared nanoparticles and glass matrix are characterized by differential thermal analysis, X-rays diffraction, UV–vis optical absorption, and infrared spectroscopy. X-rays diffraction and optical absorption show that both of the annealing temperature and time play an important role in nanoparticles’ growth. The well-annealed and high-temperature-annealed samples suggest Zn atoms to substitute Cd atoms to form an additional ZnSe–CdSe system. Infrared spectroscopy confirms the decrease of the Zn-content in the host glass due to growing of nanoparticles, causing long phosphate chains within.     

TeO2-Nb2O5-YF3 玻璃系统的形成区及性质研究

制备了一种新型的氧卤碲酸盐玻璃:TeO2-Nb2O5-YF3,给出并研究了TeO2-Nb2O5-YF3三元系统的玻璃形成范围。测试了玻璃的密度、折射率、差热(DTA)、拉曼光谱、红外透射光谱以及紫外吸收光谱,通过光谱分析研究了组分含量的变化对玻璃结构及红外透射特性的影响。实验结果表明,TeO2-Nb2O5-YF3玻璃系统具有优良的成玻璃性能和热稳定性等特性,而且在2.8~3.3μm区域内无明显的[OH]基团吸收,在中红外3~5μm区域具有优良透射性能,因此在中红外透射方面具有潜在应用价值。     

锂铝硅酸盐玻璃结构与紫外透过性能的研究

采用红外光谱和X射线光电子能谱方法研究了锂铝硅酸盐玻璃结构与紫外透过性能的关系.结果表明:紫外透过性能是桥氧键与非桥氧键共同作用决定的.在锂铝硅酸盐玻璃中随着Li2O含量的增加,产生断网结构,非桥氧数量上升,导致紫外透过性能降低.而Al2O3中的Al3+进入玻璃网络形成了Si-O-Al反对称桥氧,减缓透过率的下降趋势.     

包覆镍铁氧体纳米粒子的空心玻璃微珠复合材料的制备与电磁性能研究

"用高分子凝胶法制备了包覆镍铁氧体纳米粒子的空心玻璃微珠复合材料．玻璃微珠含量为25%、50%和75%的复合粉的结构、表面形貌和电磁性能分别用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、能谱仪、红外光谱和HP8510网络分析仪来表征．结果表明,复合粉由镍铁氧体、石英和莫来石相组成．随着微珠含量的增加,镍铁氧体衍射峰强度迅速降低,莫来石衍射峰强度迅速增强．当温度达到800 ℃时,纯尖晶石结构的镍铁氧体在玻璃微珠表面生成．当玻璃微珠含量为50%时可获得均一、连续的镍铁氧体涂层．大部分镍铁氧体粒子的尺寸小于80 nm．玻璃微珠含量     

彩色透明微晶玻璃的吸收光谱

在Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2系统玻璃中掺入少量晶核剂TiO2,ZrO2,P2O5，再掺入稀土离子和过渡金属离子作为着色剂，在高温下溶制得到彩色透明玻璃，对上述玻璃进行微晶化处理，用差热分析（DTA）确定其晶化温度，测定与讨论了所获彩色透明微晶玻璃在紫外波段至近红外波段的吸收光谱特性，研究结果表明，玻璃微晶化后，由于基质玻璃对光的微弱散射，引起吸收的增强，但不改变稀土离子和过渡金属离子的本征吸收峰位。     

Enhancement of upconversion luminescence due to the formation of nanocrystals in Er3+-doped tellurite glasses

Optically transparent Er3+-doped tellurite-based nanocrystallized glasses with the composition of 70TeO2·15Lie2O·0·15Nb2O5·0.5Er2O3(mol)have been perpared by a conventional melting quenching and the subsequent heat treatment porcesses.The sizes of grown nanocrystals in glass matrix appear to be35-50 nm from the X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement. The microhardness measurement shows that the Vickers hardness values of the nanocrystallized tellurite glasses are larger (33%-62%) than those inthe base glass. The Raman spectra imply that the maximum phonon energy of the based glass decreases and shifts from 668 to 638 cm-1 after heat-treatment. Visible upconversion luminescence and infrared luminescence of the base glass and heat-treated glasses under 980-nm laser diode (LD) excitation are investigated. The 524-, 546- and 656-nm upconversion intensities by 980-nm pumping increase significantly.     

Formation of sub-surface silver nanoparticles in silver-doped sodium–lead–germanate glass

The formation of silver nanoparticles in 60GeO₂–20PbO–20Na₂O bulk glass doped with 0.15 wt% of Ag has been studied by optical methods in the near ultraviolet-to-near infrared and mid-infrared ranges. A clear optical absorption band, which grows when increasing the annealing temperature, is observed around 460 nm, as a consequence of the surface plasmon resonance in the Ag nanoparticles. From the simultaneous analysis of optical transmittance and spectroscopic ellipsometry spectra in the near ultraviolet-to-near infrared range, it is demonstrated that the nanoparticles are surprisingly formed only in a thin layer (some tens of nm thick) underneath the sample surfaces. The potential of such a simultaneous optical analysis for determining the localization of the nanoparticles in glasses of any nature is underlined. Based on the results of a complementary mid-infrared spectroscopy characterization, the processes involved in silver migration to the surfaces and further aggregation to form nanoparticles are discussed.     

Laser plasma shockwave cleaning of SiO2 particles on gold film

A Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm) induces optical breakdown of the airborne above the gold-coated K9 glass surface and the created shockwave removes the SiO₂ particles contaminated on the gold films. The laser cleaning efficiency has been characterized by optical microscopy, dark field imaging, ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and the Image-pro software. The relationships between removal ratio and particle position and laser gap distance have been studied in the case of single pulse laser cleaning. The results show that the 1064 nm laser induced plasma shockwave can effectively remove the SiO₂ particles. The removal ratio can reach above 90%. The effects of particle position and laser gap distance on the cleaning efficiency are simulated for the single pulse laser cleaning. The simulated results are consistent with the experimental ones.     

Y_2O_3和Gd_2O_3对含La_2O_3硼酸盐玻璃析晶性能的影响

用差热分析（ＤＴＡ）、Ｘ射线衍射分析（ＸＲＤ）方法研究了Ｙ２Ｏ３和Ｇｄ２Ｏ３对７０Ｂ２Ｏ３２５Ｌａ２Ｏ３５ＺｎＯ（ｍｏｌ％）玻璃析晶性能的影响；用梯温炉测定比较了Ｙ２Ｏ３和Ｇｄ２Ｏ３对玻璃失透倾向的影响；用红外光谱（ＩＲ）研究了Ｙ２Ｏ３和Ｇｄ２Ｏ３在玻璃中的结构作用。结果表明，适量用Ｙ２Ｏ３或Ｇｄ２Ｏ３取代Ｌａ２Ｏ３可以减轻玻璃的失透倾向，但没有改变玻璃的析晶相。玻璃的析晶相是ＬａＢ３Ｏ６，Ｙ２Ｏ３和Ｇｄ２Ｏ３在玻璃结构中为网络修饰体。玻璃的折射率ｎｄ高于１．７０，色散系数υ低于５５。     

Infrared Optical Fiber Sensors

Notably improved performance as well as extended application areas is expected in the technology of optical fiber sensors using infrared fibers that transmit radiation in a wavelength range beyond 2 μm. Measurement of infrared radiation is particularly important in thermometry and spectrometry. In these areas, the use of infrared fibers has been studied extensively not only as a transmission waveguide but also as a sensor chip. Of various infrared fibers, fluoride glass fibers exhibit the lowest transmission loss and hence are useful for remote sensing that requires light transmission over a long distance. The wide transmission range of chalcogenide glass fibers and halide crystalline fibers is valuable for thermometry in a low temperature range and for spectrometry of various molecules. Hollow waveguides are useful as a capillary flow cell that realizes fast-response spectrometry. The advantages and disadvantages of infrared fibers must be considered carefully in the development of fiber sensors. In this paper, the progress of infrared optical fiber sensors is reviewed with particular interest in thermometry and spectroscopy.     

新型GeSe2-In2Se3-AgI玻璃性能研究

采用传统熔融-淬冷法制备了一系列新型(100-x)(4GeSe2-In2Se3)-xAgI(x=20,30,40mol%)硫系玻璃样品.利用X射线衍射分析、差热分析、可见-近红外吸收光谱、红外透过光谱、喇曼分析等技术手段研究了该玻璃系统的组成、结构、热稳定性和光学特性等.利用Tauc方程计算出了样品的间接带隙;测试了部分样品在不同升温速率下的差示扫描量热曲线,并采用Kissinger法计算了玻璃样品的析晶活化能.X射线衍射数据表明,该玻璃体系在较宽的组分范围内有良好的非晶特性,成玻范围较宽;差热分析和析晶动力学研究表明,玻璃样品70(4GeSe2-In2Se3)-30AgI具有较好的热稳定性(ΔT=114℃)和较高的活化能(Ea=320.4kJ/mol).随着AgI含量的增加,玻璃的短波吸收限蓝移,并且光学带隙有增大的趋势.此外,红外透过光谱分析表明该玻璃体系具有良好的红外透过性能,其红外截止波长不会随着AgI含量的增加而发生明显变化,皆为16μm左右.     

光学微腔用磷酸盐玻璃基体的研究

量子点光学微腔器件在低阈值激光器和单光子光源等量子信息处理技术领域有重要的应用前景。为了有效地实现受激辐射,光学微腔需要在高介电常量的玻璃微球中嵌入高浓度的量子点。为此使用玻璃技术开展了在磷酸盐玻璃中生长高浓度Ⅱ-Ⅵ族量子点的研究,探索了ZnO-P2O5、CdO—P2O5和CdS—P2O5二元磷酸盐玻璃的形成能力、红外通过率、结晶行为和微腔成彤能力。在这些玻璃基体中,ZnO的最大溶解度为0．6,CdO和CdS的溶解度为0．4;基体表现出和商用截止型过滤片玻璃相似的光吸收特性,并与玻璃的种类和成分含量无关;基体晶化后可以析出α-Zn2P3O7或CdS等品相,其中CdS相均匀分布在试样中;磨细的玻璃基体可以成型为球表面完整和椭网度小的微腔。试验结果表明,ZnO-P2O5和CdS-P2O5等二元磷酸盐玻璃可以成型为光学微腔并可以有效地生长出高浓度的Ⅱ-Ⅵ族量子点。     

Ultrafast α-like relaxation of a fragile glass-forming liquid measured using two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy

Ultrafast two-dimensional infrared (2D-IR) spectroscopy is used to study the picosecond dynamics of a vibrational probe molecule dissolved in a fragile glass former. The spectral dynamics are observed as the system is cooled to within a few degrees of the glass transition temperature (T(g)). We observe nonexponential relaxation of the frequency-frequency correlation function, similar to what has been reported for other dynamical correlation functions. In addition, we see evidence for α-like relaxation, typically associated with long-time, cooperative molecular motion, on the ultrafast time scale. The data suggests that the spectral dynamics are sensitive to cooperative motion occurring on time scales that are necessarily longer than the observation time.     

Preparation, characterization and room temperature photoluminescence properties of a zinc oxide nanosheet network grown on glass substrate by a facile chemical route

An ultralong and ultrathin zinc oxide nanosheet network grown on glass substrate is prepared using an organic CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CH₃(CH₂)₁₅N⁺(CH₃)₃Br⁻) and the simple chemical materials (Zn(AC)₂·2H₂O and NaOH) by hydrothermal method. The morphology and microstructure of ZnO nanosheet network have been characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV–vis spectroscopy. The results revealed that the product grown on glass substrate was the ultralong and ultrathin zinc oxide nanosheet network and the crystalline hexagonal wurtzite ZnO crystal structure. The zinc oxide nanosheet network exhibits room temperature photoluminescence (RTPL) characteristics and three blue emissions located at 452, 459, and 469 nm, and a green emission located at about 494 nm were observed.     

Intercalation of aminonaphthalenes into α-zirconium hydrogenphosphate

Intercalates of 1- and 2-aminonaphthalene (1-AN and 2-AN), 1,5- and 1,8-diaminonaphthalene (1,8-DAN) and 2-aminoanthracene (2-AA) into α-Zr(HPO₄)₂·H₂O were prepared and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and infrared spectroscopy. As follows from IR, molecules of aminonaphthalenes are protonated in the interlayer space. 1,5-diaminonaphthalene (1,5-DAN) molecules are arranged in a monomolecular way in the intercalate. The other guest molecules form partially interdigitated bilayers in the interlayer space.     

New Insights into the Effects of Physical Aging on Glass Transition of Polystyrene by FTIR

A new method to detect the glass transition was used to investigate the effects of physical aging on the glass transition of polystyrene by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results showed that the onset point of the glass transition shifted to higher temperature with aging, but the end point didn't change. It was demonstrated that this method was of great use in determining the glass transition temperature of aged polymeric samples. For each aged sample, the four bands assigned to the vibrational modes of the main chain groups and the side groups of polystyrene showed the same transition regions, indicating that the main chain and the side groups were aging synchronously. The rates of increase of the relative peak areas for the four investigated bands during the glass transition decreased with aging with the increased rates of the relative peak areas for the two bands assigned to side group decreasing less than those of main chain, which seemed to indicate the dominance of the side group in aging process.     

Anti-stokes laser cooling in bulk erbium-doped materials

We report the first observation of anti-Stokes laser-induced cooling in the Er3+:KPb2Cl5 crystal and in the Er3+:CNBZn (CdF2-CdCl2-NaF-BaF2-BaCl2-ZnF2) glass. The internal cooling efficiencies have been calculated by using photothermal deflection spectroscopy. Thermal scans acquired with an infrared thermal camera proved the bulk cooling capability of the studied samples. The implications of these results are discussed.     

Li_2B_4O_7晶体、玻璃及其熔态结构的高温Raman光谱研究

采用半导体脉冲激光光源和时间分辨探测技术 ,测定了二硼酸锂 (Li2 B4O7)晶体、玻璃及其熔融态的常温及高温拉曼光谱 (在 2 98～ 1 773K的温度范围 ) ,观察了其在高温下的相转变、升温过程及其熔体的特征光谱变化。通过谱图解析 ,研究分析了熔体微结构单元的分布和转化及其与固态晶体和玻璃态的区别     

氟锆酸盐玻璃的γ射线辐照效应

用电子顺磁共振谱研究了在液氮温度及在室温下氟锆酸盐玻璃的γ射线辐照效应.实验结果表明,辐照后的玻璃中形成了Zr~(3+)、F_2、F~0及一种俘获氧杂质的空穴中心(标号为U)等缺陷.在低温辐照时,非桥氟的存在是产生F_2~-和F~0缺陷的原因.温度高于400K时,所有缺陷全部消失.常温下经γ射线辐照过的玻璃,在紫外区出现一个吸收峰.辐照对该玻璃的红外透过率影响不大.     

Magnetodielectric CuCr0.5V0.5O2: an example of a magnetic and dielectric multiglass

The complex dielectric susceptibility and spin glass properties of polycrystalline CuCr(0.5)V(0.5)O(2) delafossite have been investigated. Electron diffraction, high resolution electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy show that the Cr(3+) and V (3+) magnetic cations are randomly distributed on the triangular network of CdI(2)-type layers. In contrast to CuCrO(2), CuCr(0.5)V(0.5)O(2) exhibits two distinctive (magnetic and electric) glassy states evidenced by memory effects in electric and magnetic susceptibilities. A large magnetodielectric coupling is observed at low temperature.