Frequency doubling of Yb-doped fiber laser to 515 nm

Operation of Yb-doped fiber laser (YDFL) at short wavelengths (about 1030 nm) is known to be possible with relatively short active fibers. Frequency doubling of such a laser is studied. It is shown that, in contrast to conventional YDFLs, operating around 1080 nm, the short-wavelength YDFL does not exhibit significant spectral broadening induced by nonlinear effects. Thus, the generated spectrum remains narrower than the FBG reflection profile, which allows an almost twofold intracavity intensity enhancement. Consequently, the second harmonic generation in the KTP crystal placed inside the YDFL cavity appears more effective than the generation in the single-pass scheme by an order of magnitude. An output power of about 0.4 W at a wavelength of 515 nm is demonstrated.     

光纤激光泵浦MgO:PPLN高功率中波红外光参量振荡器

为实现高效率、高功率中波红外激光输出,研制基于MgO:PPLN晶体的中波红外光参量振荡器（OPO）,泵浦源为基于主振荡功率放大（MOPA）结构的线偏振掺Yb光纤激光器（YDFL）。实验结果表明:YDFL可实现最高79.1 W的1064.1 nm脉冲线偏振激光输出;在YDFL泵浦下,通过优化输出镜曲率半径和泵浦光束腰直径,该OPO实现最高9.15 W的3.754 μm脉冲激光输出,光光转换效率为11.57%,重复频率为300 kHz,脉冲宽度约为110 ns。     

Single-longitudinal-mode erbium-doped fiber laser based on a fiber Bragg grating Fabry-Perot filter

A novel single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) erbium-doped fiber laser with a simple linear cavity based on a fiber Bragg grating Fabry-Perot filter (FBG-FPF) and a narrowband (～0.06 nm) FBG is proposed and demonstrated experimentally. Two uniform FBGs form the FBG-FPF, which has two ultranarrow transmission bands with a bandwidth of 0.12 pm and a wavelength spacing of 0.095 nm. By slightly tuning the central wavelength of the narrowband FBG, SLM lasing at 1549.658 or 1549.563 nm (corresponding to the two transmission peaks of the FBG-FPF) is achieved with a laser output power of ～4 mW, when the pump power is ～75 mW.     

Output spectrum of Yb-doped fiber lasers

An analytical model for self phase modulation in Yb-doped fiber laser (YDFL) describing output spectrum and its broadening with increasing power has been developed. Spectral measurements in continuous wave (CW) cladding-pumped YDFL have proved the validity of the model demonstrating hyperbolic secant shape of the spectrum and linear increase of the line width with power in 1-12 W range. At lower powers, spatial hole burning and line self-sweeping effects become important and define the lower limit for the line width.     

1μm全光纤MOPA结构激光器输出特性研究

主振荡功率放大（main oscillation power amplification, MOPA）结构由于其光束质量良好和参数可调的优点,已成为高功率光纤激光器的主流设计之一。为了改善高功率掺镱光纤激光器（ytterbium-doped fiber laser, YDFL）的输出性能,提高系统的光-光转换效率,文中报道了一台基于915 nm泵浦激光器和双包层掺镱光纤（ytterbium-doped fiber, YDF）的MOPA结构全光纤高功率激光器。该高功率光纤激光器由电调制激光二极管（laser diode, LD）泵浦的种子激光器和掺镱光纤放大器（ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier, YDFA）组成。连续光（continuous wave, CW）工作模式下,激光种子源经过YDFA后,实现了中心波长为1 069.96 nm的激光输出,最大平均输出功率可达945.9 W,MOPA激光器整机的斜率效率高达74.12%,具有良好的稳健性。该研究方案对研制高功率MOPA光纤激光器具有参考意义。     

基于光纤环形激光器和光放大的100 km光纤布拉格光栅传感系统

在基于掺铒光纤-拉曼混合放大的可调光纤环形激光器的光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)传感系统结构基础上,提出了延长传感距离的新方法。该方法以环形掺铒光纤激光器作为光源,采用双波长拉曼放大的方法对信号进行低噪声的双向放大,系统中间的两段掺铒光纤再利用剩余的抽运功率产生自发辐射光和放大传感信号,使得整个系统能够在超长的传感距离上获得很高的信噪比。实验表明使用一只40 mW的掺铒光纤放大(EDFA)抽运源、一只170 mW的拉曼抽运源和一只2 W的拉曼抽运源,可以使整个系统的传感距离达到100km,并且传感系统的光纤布拉格光栅反射信号均能获得超过57 dB的优良信噪比,从而实现在超长距离上的光纤布拉格光栅传感。     

高功率宽调谐范围掺Yb3+光子晶体光纤激光器

采用闪耀光栅作为色散元件,构建了前向、后向输出两种结构的可调谐掺Yb3 光子晶体光纤激光器,并对其输出特性进行了分析研究.在抽运功率5.75W时,前向输出结构实现了1050.6～1110.2 nm的连续调谐输出,光谱线宽约0.1 nm,边模抑制比大于44 dB.在调谐激光波长为1085 nm时,得到最高输出功率677 mW.结构改进的后向输出结构的可调谐输出结构在抽运功率4.43 W,调谐波长1075 nm,实现了2.21 W的功率输出,斜率效率为73%;调谐范围50.9 nm(1042.1～1093 nm),光谱线宽小于0.08 nm,边模抑制比大于50 dB.两种结构的可调谐激光器输出均为线偏振光,偏振度大于89.5%.     

1028 nm single mode Ytterbium-doped fiber laser

An efficient Ytterbium-doped fiber laser (YDFL) operating at 1028 nm is demonstrated using a fiber Bragg grating (FBG). The Ytterbium-doped fiber (YDF) is drawn from Yb₂O₃-doped preform, fabricated through deposition of porous layer of composition SiO₂-GeO₂ by the MCVD process in conjunction with a solution doping technique. The fabricated YDF has a 0.1 mol % of Yb₂O₃ in the core, a Ytterbium ion lifetime of 1.1 ms, an absorption of 7.65 dB/m at 976 nm. The fiber laser has the maximum efficiency of 51% with pump power threshold of 19 mW using a FBG in conjunction with a Fresnel reflection to form a linear cavity resonator. The efficiency and threshold are better compared to the similar YDFL configuration using a commercial YDF.     

Tunable fiber Bragg gratings for application in tunable fiber lasers

The resonance wavelength of the fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) is tuned using two methods. Tunable FBGs are used as the selecting elements in the cavities of tunable lasers. An ytterbium-doped fiber laser with a wavelength tuning range of 1063–1108 nm and an output power of 6 W, a Raman fiber laser with a wavelength tuning range of 1252–1303 nm and an output power of 3 W, and an erbium-doped fiber laser with a wavelength tuning range of 1530–1580 nm are realized, and their characteristics are studied.     

Influences of ASE on the performances of Q-switched ytterbium-doped fiber lasers

The output characteristics of actively Q-switched ytterbium-doped fiber lasers (YDFL) are investigated in this paper. Our experimental results show that, the combined effect between the short switching time and the gain transient property of doped fiber causes the initial amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) power fluctuation, forming the multi-peak structure in the output pulse for either ring or linear cavity Q-switched YDFL. The pulse buildup time decreases with the rising of the pump. Moreover, since the broad-band ASE generated in the YDF is very high, it may saturate the doped fiber once the switch has been opened, making it difficult to achieve Q-switched laser oscillation for both fiber lasers. By using ASE filter to suppress the initial ASE, the gain supplied by the YDF can be greatly enhanced, which can not only decrease the threshold, but also greatly decrease the duration, and enhance the peak power of the Q-switched laser pulse as well. By using such an ASE filter, the Q-switched laser pulse with the peak power of 40.7 W and the duration of 30 ns has been achieved for the linear cavity YDFL pumped with 160 mW.     

All-fiber clad-pumped Tm3+-doped fiber amplifier using high power fiber combiner

The diode laser (LD) clad-pumped 1947.6 nm continuous wave (CW) Tm³⁺-doped fiber amplifier is reported using the master oscillation power amplifier (MOPA) method. The injected seed laser is provided by an all-fiber LD-clad-pumped Tm³⁺-doped single-mode fiber laser, which has a nearly 2.4 W maximal output power and 0.1 nm ultra-narrow linewidth based on the intracore reflection FBG. Using the 25/400 μm double-clad LMA Tm³⁺-doped fiber as the gain fiber, the output maximal output power is 30.6 W from the fiber amplifier, with a slope efficiency of 39.1% respected to the LD total output power. A high power multi-mode fiber combiner is used to couple high power LD light into the gain fiber. The output wavelength is also located at 1947.6 nm, with the slightly expanded laser linewidth of 0.2 nm.     

高功率2 μm波长可调谐超短脉冲光纤激光器

高功率2 μm波长可调谐的超短脉冲激光具有峰值功率高、脉冲宽度窄、波长可调谐等优势,在医疗手术、大气通信、光电对抗等领域具有广泛的应用。利用高峰值功率的掺铒光纤放大器泵浦高非线性光纤,在全光纤化结构中获得了1895～2165 nm可调谐的拉曼孤子输出。采用啁啾脉冲放大技术对拉曼孤子的脉冲能量进行提升,放大后拉曼孤子的单脉冲能量为1.56 μJ,平均功率达到50.6 W,脉冲宽度为83 ps。经过光栅对压缩后,脉冲宽度降低至1.23 ps,平均功率为22 W,峰值功率达到0.55 MW。放大后的脉冲仍具有波长调谐的能力,当输出功率为5 W和50.6 W时,脉冲的波长调谐范围分别为38 nm和8 nm。     

Power scaling of resonantly cladding-pumped, Yb-free, Er-doped LMA fiber lasers

The results of the recent major efforts in power scaling of resonantly cladding-pumped Yb-free Er fiber lasers are presented. Commercially available Yb-free Er-doped large mode area Er60-20/125 (LMA) DC fibers were tested in two regimes: (i), as a booster amplifier in a single-frequency (SF) MOPA configuration and, (ii), in a Bragg grating (FBG) based narrowband fiber laser configuration. We obtained ～28.5 W of output power at 1590 nm, the highest power reported so far out of Yb-free Er-doped LMA fiber with resonant cladding pumping. The achieved optical-to-optical conversion slope efficiency of ～56.6% is also believed to be the highest efficiency ever reported from Yb-free Er-doped fiber laser with resonant cladding pumping.     

Multi-peak output Tm-doped silica fiber laser based on femtosecond-written multi-mode fiber Bragg grating

The all-fiber Tm-doped double-clad laser was reported, incorporating a phase mask scanning technology writing FBG directly into the Tm-doped multi-mode fiber core as cavity mirror, using 800 nm femtosecond laser sources. A fiber grating of 12 mm length was realized with a period of 1.35 μm. Pumped by the 793 nm pigtail fiber output LD, the continuous wave (CW) power could scale to 25.4 W at 1.96 μm with the slope efficiency of 38% respected to the LD output power. The output laser spectrum exhibited multi-peak, due to the multi-mode FBG reflective characteristic.     

Simultaneous Double-Color Continuous Wave Raman Fiber Laser at 1239 nm and 1484 nm Using Phosphosilicate Fiber

Simultaneous double-color high-power continuous wave (CW) Raman fiber laser at 1239 nm and 1484 nm is demonstrated which uses CW 8.4 W Yb-doped double-clad fiber laser at 1064 nm as a pump, 1 km phosphosilicate fiber, and cascaded cavities consisting of two pairs of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) mirrors. Maximum output powers are 0.65 W at 1239 nm and 0.97 W at 1484 nm with a 50%/50% output mirror reflectivity pair, and 0.37 W at 1239 nm and 1.06 W at 1484 nm with a 75.5%/50% pair. The output characteristics of this laser for different FBG mirror reflectivities are reported.     

自调Q、自锁模铒/镱共掺光纤激光器

研究了结构新颖的环形腔铒/镱（Er/Yb）共掺双包层光纤激光器.为了获得高功率激光输出,使用6个激光二极管（LD）同时抽运Er/Yb共掺光纤,采用光纤光栅（FBG）Sagnac环作为波长选择器,得到了中心波长为1548.11 nm、谱线宽度为0.06 nm的窄线宽激光输出;并利用增益光纤作为可饱和吸收体,实现了自调Q、自锁模脉冲输出.当抽运功率为719 mW时,激光器输出自调Q脉冲,脉冲周期为20μs,脉冲宽度为2.8μs,脉冲的平均功率为38.4mW,峰值功率为274.3mW;当抽运功率为3.6 W时,激光器输出自锁模脉冲,脉冲宽度为4ns,平均功率为319 mW,脉冲峰值功率大于10 W,重复频率为7.937 MHz.     

基于光纤光栅的可调谐半导体激光器

本文利用光纤光栅(FBG)形成外腔反馈及F-P半导体激光器的多模特性,得到波长稳定、可调谐的半导体激光光源,系统研究了不同反馈比率对激光器光谱特性的影响.通过向FBG施加轴向拉力和压力可实现10nm的波长调谐,得到一系列波长间隔0.94nm的激光输出,边模抑制比达35dB,光谱线宽小于0.2nm.     

高效率可调谐掺镱双包层光纤激光器研究

研究了一种高效率可调谐掺镱双包层光纤激光器，在抽运半导体激光为915nm、功率为1W的条件下，掺镱双包层光纤激光器的最大输出功率为440mW，输出斜效率约为80％。输出光束的M^2因子为：x方向1．06，y方向1．04。用一光栅作为输出耦合，输出波长可在1070nm-1150nm的范围内调谐。     

S/S+ Band Tunable Thulium Doped Fiber Laser Anchored on 50 GHz ITU-T Grid

We demonstrate a S/S+ band tunable thulium doped fiber laser (TTDFL) anchored on 50GHz ITU-T Grid. Over 57nm of tuning range (1454.9 ～1512.0 nm) covering most of the Thulium bandwidth and more than 8dBm output power has been obtained with the pigtailed solid etalon filter and dual wavelength (1.5μm and 1.4μm ) pumping.     

Review on recent progress on Yb-doped fiber laser in a variety of oscillation spectral ranges

We present review on recent progress on high power Yb-doped fiber laser in a variety of oscillation spectral ranges. According to Kurkov (Laser Phys. Lett. 2006), the oscillation spectral range of YDFLs can be divided into three bands: convenient (C-band), short (S-band), and long (L-band). For the C-band YDFL, tandem-pumped high power radiation by using 1018 nm fiber laser or 1030 nm thin-disk laser is reviewed. For the S-band YDFL, three mainly technical solutions, i.e., special designed fiber, the employment of photonic crystal fiber (PCF), and tandem pumping using 930 nm Nd-doped fiber laser are presented. For the L-band laser, active heating or self-heating the active fiber can help the long-wavelength oscillation. Fiber Raman laser or amplifier can also boost the power of L-band YDFL up. Some discussions and prospective predictions are proposed at the end of this paper.