倍频纳秒激光驱动类氖锗X射线激光的研究

利用JB19等程序分别对基频和倍频激光驱动条件下类氖锗X射线激光进行了模拟计算,结果表明利用倍频激光驱动同样也能够获得高强度的类氖锗X射线激光输出,只是对驱动激光的输出要求要高3.3倍.尽管如此,这也为将来在大型激光装置上开展类氖系列X射线激光研究指明了方向.初步的实验研究也证实了利用倍频纳秒激光驱动能够获得类氖锗X射线激光输出的结果. 关键词： X射线激光 类氖锗 数值模拟     

激光锁定F-P腔频率的有差锁定研究

基于有差伺服调节技术,实现了外置光学谐振腔的共振频率与钛宝石激光器工作频率的锁定.该技术采用压电陶瓷作为执行元件,通过对压电陶瓷的调制,实现了对透射激光功率的调制,并由锁相放大器解调获得伺服信号,该伺服信号经过高压放大器放大后控制压电陶瓷的伸缩来调控谐振腔的腔长,从而使腔的共振频率锁定在激光频率上.当激光上作于单一频毕时,谐振腔的谐振频率可以长时间地与激光频率保持锁定,锁定后腔的透射光功率相对起伏的稳定性为2%.当激光频率扫描时.谐振腔的谐振频率可以在2 GHz范围内不间断地与激光频率保持锁定.     

HeNe双频激光器频差的激光内雕赋值法

在精密测量领域,HeNe激光器是制造激光干涉仪的首选.但能够产生中频差4—40 MHz的双折射-塞曼双频HeNe激光器的频差是随机的,小到几百kHz,大到十几MHz.为了让频差能够满足制作双频激光干涉仪的要求,曾出现过弹性加力法、钻孔应力调节法等调整和频差赋值的方法.但这些方法在实际应用中都不是很理想.采用激光内雕法赋值频差,通过在激光器的平面输出镜内部雕刻出不同图案,使平面镜内部产生满足要求的相位延迟,达到为频差赋值的目的.激光内雕法有很多优点:不损害激光器,美观;功率损失小,出光强度可接近原始光强度;可反复赋值,频差在0—60 MHz范围内可调整;频差的稳定性好,采用稳频措施后频差的波动范围小于每小时10 kHz.     

FM dye lasers

We have investigated the detailed operation of a frequency modulated dye laser (FML). The FML consists of a standing wave Rh6G dye laser with an intracavity transverse ADP phase modulator which is driven at a frequency close to the cavity mode spacing. An ideal FML output consists of a laser beam which is constant in amplitude but sinusoidally varying in frequency. This provides a source of many laser modes which are equally spaced by the modulation frequency. Several dye laser configurations have been investigated. Measurements of the mode intensities, total power, amplitude modulation and rf beat amplitudes have been made as a function of the rf driving frequency of the phase modulator. The FM laser obtained has been frequency stabilised by locking it to a reference interferometer and also by frequency offset locking it to a single-frequency dye laser.     

Absolute frequency measurement of an acetylene-stabilized laser at 1542 nm

The absolute frequency of an acetylene-stabilized laser at 1542 nm is measured at its second harmonic (771 nm) by use of a femtosecond optical comb based on a mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser. Frequency stability and reproducibility of the acetylene-stabilized laser are evaluated by the femtosecond comb with a H maser as a frequency reference. The absolute frequency of a laser diode stabilized on the P(16) transition of 13C2H2 is determined to be 194 369 569 383.6(1.3) kHz. The acetylene-stabilized laser serves as an important optical frequency standard for telecommunication applications.     

Precise measurement of optical frequency with the help of electromagnetically induced transparency

We have studied electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectra in a frequency span as wide as 300 MHz. This tunability of EIT spectra provides an opportunity to utilize the sub-natural spectra in measuring unknown laser frequency very accurately. EIT is observed when control and probe laser frequency detunings are equal. This correlation has been used to identify and measure unknown probe frequency with a very high degree of accuracy, subject to the condition that control laser frequency is known.     

光梳主动滤波放大实现锶原子光钟二级冷却光源

提出一种结合注入锁定技术的主动滤波放大方法,将光梳直接注入锁定至光栅外腔半导体激光器,产生窄线宽激光光源,该光源可以用于锶原子光钟二级冷却.实验中,将中心波长为689 nm,带宽为10 nm的光梳种子光源注入689 nm光栅式外腔半导体激光器,通过半导体增益光谱与半导体光栅外腔,从飞秒光梳的多个纵模梳齿中挑选出一个纵模模式来进行增益放大,再通过模式竞争,实现单纵模连续光输出;同时,光梳的重复频率锁定在线宽为赫兹量级的698 nm超稳激光光源上,因此,注入锁定后输出的窄线宽激光也继承了超稳激光光源的光谱特性.利用得到的输出功率为12 mW的689 nm窄线宽激光光源实现了88Sr原子光钟的二级冷却过程,最终获得温度为3μK,原子数约为5×10~6的冷原子团.该方法可拓展至原子光钟其他光源的获得,从而实现原子光钟的集成化和小型化.     

连续波对激光雷达的电磁干扰效应

为检验连续波电磁环境下激光雷达的安全可靠性,以单线离轴激光雷达作为试验对象,进行了连续波作用下激光雷达电磁干扰效应试验。通过试验得到,当干扰天线极化方向不同时,同一激光雷达的敏感频率和频段也是不同的,而且干扰信号的敏感频率和敏感频段不同时,激光雷达受干扰的场强的大小不同,在同一敏感频率场强越大,激光雷达受干扰情况越严重;最后分析得到了该激光雷达受到干扰的原因, 为改进激光雷达,提高其电磁环境适应性提供了依据。     

Faraday laser at Rb 1529 nm transition for optical communication systems

We experimentally demonstrate a Faraday laser at Rb 1529 nm transition by using a performance-improved Rb electrodeless-discharge-lamp-based excited-state Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter as the frequencyselective element. Neither the electrical locking scheme nor the additional frequency-stabilized pump laser are used. The frequency of the external-cavity diode laser is stabilized to the Rb 1529 nm transition, and the Allan deviation of the Faraday laser is measured by converting the optical intensity into frequency. The Faraday laser can be used as a frequency standard in the telecom C band for further research on metrology, microwave photonics, and optical communication systems.     

An intermittent frequency offset lock of a transverse Zeeman laser to an iodine stabilized He-Ne laser

A single-mode frequency stabilized laser with modulation-free and moderate power is desired as a light source for an ultra-high resolution interferometer system and/or a rapid laser calibration system. For this purpose, we developed a new stabilized laser system that utilizes intermittent control of a 2 mW transverse Zeeman stabilized He-Ne laser (Zeeman laser) with an iodine stabilized He-Ne laser (I2 stabilized laser). Because of the intermittent control, working time of the I2 stabilized laser is reduced. The Zeeman laser has two operational modes: independent and slave mode. In the independent mode, the Zeeman laser is stabilized through control of Zeeman beat frequency. Temperature dependent drift of the oscillation frequency during the independent mode is periodically corrected by the slave operation utilizing frequency offset locking to the I2 stabilized laser. Frequency instability of the Zeeman laser in independent and slave modes is 7.7X10-11 and 2.0X10-11, respectively, at the sampling time of 100 s.     

基于飞秒光频梳的双频He-Ne激光器频率测量

利用光纤飞秒光频梳和外腔可调谐半导体激光器, 建立了一套双频He-Ne激光器频率测量系统. 选用铷钟作为系统的频率基准, 通过将外腔半导体激光锁定至光频梳使得其频率溯源至铷钟, 再利用外腔可调谐半导体激光与双频He-Ne激光器输出的正交偏振激光拍频, 同时测量两路正交偏振激光频率. 将可调谐半导体激光器锁定至光频梳第1894449个梳齿, 其绝对频率为473612190000.0±2.7 kHz, 相对不确定度为5.7×10^-12. 对商品双频He-Ne激光器进行频率测量实验, 双频He-Ne激光器水平方向偏振激光频率均值为473612229934 kHz, 竖直方向偏振激光频率均值为473612232111 kHz, 平均时间为1024 s的相对Allan标准差为5.2×10^-11, 频差均值为2.177 MHz, 标准偏差为2 kHz.     

注入功率比可调控的双泵浦复合腔501 nm青光激光器

为了探究提高500?nm附近激光高准确度应用的理论和技术依据,本文采用双泵浦源复合腔结合非线性和频变换,实现腔内两种波长基频光无增益竞争,可提高基频光输出功率,同时在复合腔内进行多次非线性频率变换,通过调控基频光注入功率比,使腔内光子数配比达到1:1,从而有效提高了光-光转换效率及和频输出功率.对首次建立的理论模型进行...     

双纵模稳频氦氖激光器的光谱与频率复现性分析

对双纵模稳频氦氖激光器的光谱及其频率复现性进行了理论估计,进行了633 nm碘稳定氦氖激光器的拍频实验,实验采用内腔激光器,并采用双纵模稳频的方法,通过观测激光器的两个偏振态互相垂直的相邻纵模的输出,并使二者稳定到功率相等的参考点处,获得激光稳定输出。实验通过观察双纵模稳定激光的模式输出,分析了影响激光频率复现性与频率稳定度的因素,测量了稳定激光的功率和频率稳定度。通过拍频测量,对激光器的频率复现性进行了分析,复现性用频差可以达到(1～2)×10-8量级。通过实验表明,双纵模稳频氦氖激光器的频率复现性完全符合用于长度精密测量的稳频激光器的要求,激光器可以很稳定地工作,稳定度用阿伦偏差表示可以达到10-10量级,可以作为实用的稳频激光标准。     

基于匹配算法的脉冲差分吸收CO2激光雷达的稳频研究

利用差分吸收激光雷达探测大气CO₂, 可以获得其浓度的垂直分布, 对于研究碳源、碳汇的过程有重要意义. 设计了一套种子注入的脉冲差频激光器系统, 作为差分吸收激光雷达的激光光源. 针对脉冲差分吸收CO₂激光雷达on波长的高精度稳频的研究空白, 本文提出一种基于匹配的on波长的连续稳频算法. 其基本思想是采用分子饱和吸收法, 测量通过双路吸收池后的差分信号, 计算其光学厚度值(optical depth, OD), 获得实测的伪吸收谱, 当监测到on波长发漂移后, 进行连续的波长调节, 获取其OD值, 最后基于一维的图像匹配算法, 将OD值作为灰度值, 利用图像匹配原理, 进行OD值匹配, 确定当前输出波长在伪吸收谱中的位置, 进而调节至on波长, 实现on波长的连续、稳定输出. 实验结果表明, 提出的稳频算法能够很好的满足高精度的稳频要求, 同时差平方和法在该应用中是最优的, 稳频精度可达到0.3 pm.     

全频域下窄线宽激光器光谱线宽的分析

窄线宽激光器的线宽表征方式通常采用延时自外差法测量技术。该技术是通过延时光纤差拍产生一个与待测激光线宽相关的洛伦兹频谱,因此该频谱只具有单一的线宽表现形式。为了能够观察到激光器的线宽和频率噪声在其傅里叶频率分布下的完整特性,报道了一种基于β算法计算窄线宽激光器线宽的方法。该方法是结合频率噪声中的白噪声和1/f噪声分别诱导不同激光线型的理论,从而确定激光线宽。首先,对β算法的基本原理进行了详细的分析说明。通过基于维纳-辛钦定理,分析了窄线宽激光器不同频率范围内的频率噪声和激光线宽的依赖关系。阐明了在截止频率趋于0和无穷大的两个范围条件时,激光频谱特性从高斯线型向洛伦兹线型演变。同时推导出使两种线型转换的截止频率表达式,并将其转换为频率噪声函数,该函数定义为β分子线。此时频率噪声分量中高斯线型的总和即为激光线宽计算公式;其次,对窄线宽激光器的频率噪声和激光线型进行数值仿真。将通过OEwaves公司的OE4000互相关零差相位/频率噪声自动测试系统测得的频率噪声谱密度,带入β算法理论公式中。结果显示：1/f噪声导致激光呈现高斯线型,线宽随截止频率的增加而增大。而白噪声将导致洛伦兹线型,线宽不再随截止频率而改变。此外,在低频区域,频率噪声电平远大于其傅里叶频率,噪声调制系数较高,该部分噪声可以决定线宽大小。因此,高斯线型区域对应的频率噪声的积分,即为待测激光器的线宽;在高频区域,频率噪声电平与其傅里叶频率相差较小,频率波动较快,噪声对线宽影响可以忽略。并且频率带宽在截止频率范围内,计算的线宽误差较小。最后,实验上运用β算法对RIO公司的1 550 nm低噪声窄线宽激光器的频率噪声功率谱密度进行积分计算,成功获得了其不同傅里叶频率分布下对应的激光线宽值。其中β分子线将频率噪声中的白噪声和1/f噪声分隔两部分：当频率噪声谱密度大于β分子线时,激光即为高斯线型,线宽随频率积分带宽的增加而减少;而频率噪声谱密度小于β分子线时,激光呈现洛伦兹线型,线宽为定值不再改变。同时为了对β算法进行实验验证,搭建了延迟光纤为50 km、移频频率为60 MHz的延时自外差法测量系统。对注入电流为110 mA的RIO 1 550 nm低噪声窄线宽激光器的线宽进行实验测量,测量结果表明激光线宽为1.8 kHz,与上述β算法中2.8 kHz的频率带宽积分结果一致。充分证明了此算法的准确性。β算法可以对任意类型的窄线宽激光器进行线宽表征,对窄线宽激光器的研究具有重要意义。     

用于光频传递的通信波段窄线宽激光器研制及应用

通信波段窄线宽激光器在基于光纤的光学频率传递中有着重要应用. 本文报道了1550 nm超窄线宽光纤激光器的研制及其在光学频率传递中的初步应用结果. 利用一台激光光源, 分别锁定到两个参考腔上(精细度分别为344000和296000), 锁定后经拍频比对测得单台激光线宽优于1.9 Hz, 秒级频率稳定度为1.7×10^-14, 优于国内同类报道. 将研制的超窄线宽激光器用于光纤光学频率传递, 在50 km光纤盘上实现了 7.5×10^-17/s的传递稳定度, 较采用商用光纤激光器提高了3.2倍.     

Seed laser frequency stabilization for Doppler wind lidar

We demonstrate a tunable wavelength-locked seed laser source with high-frequency stability to realize the precise measurements of global atmospheric wind field. An Nd:YAG laser at 1 064 nm is used as the master laser (ML). Its frequency is locked to a confocal Fabry-Perot interferometer by using the Pound-Drever- Hall method, which ensures the peak-to-peak value of its frequency drifts less than 180 kHz over 2 h. Another Nd:YAG laser at 1 064 nm, as the slave laser, is offset-locked to the above ML using optical phase locked loop, retaining virtually the same absolute frequency stability as the ML. The tunable ranges of the frequency differences between two lasers are up to 3 GHz, and the tuning step length was an arbitrary integral multiple of 200 kHz. The researched seed laser source is compact and robust, which can well satisfy the requirement of the Doppler wind lidar.     

猫眼腔激光器的横模变换与频率分裂

为了产生多种激光横模,以前的系统相对比较复杂,而且一般只能产生基横模和低阶横模,很难产生高阶横模,同时也很难观察到模竞争中一个频率抑制另一个频率的变化过程。基于猫眼谐振腔激光器和频率分裂技术,提出了一种新型的激光原理综合实验系统。该系统利用猫眼逆向器作为He-Ne激光器的一个腔镜,通过调节猫眼逆向器中两镜片间距可输出包括基横模、低阶横模、高阶横模在内的十余种典型横模,并可完成纵模、偏振、出光带宽等多种激光基本特性的实验。同时在基横模状态下,利用谐振腔内加入的石英晶体片可实现激光频率分裂及其频差调节。在此基础上又可实现完整的模竞争过程的观察。     

Effect of laser-cyclotron resonance on the optical phonon damping in semiconductors

The optical phonon damping in an electron-phonon system in a semiconductor in the presence of laser and magnetic fields is calculated. It is found that the application of a magnetic field parallel to the laser field direction stimulates a stronger amplification of optical phonons as the electron cyclotron frequency approaches the laser frequency.     

激光混沌通信中半导体激光器接收机对高频信号的滤波特性

数值研究了基于半导体激光器的混沌通信系统中构成混沌同步的接收半导体激光器对高频信号的滤波特性.分析了闭环结构的接收机对不同频率、不同幅度的加载信号的提取能力.研究发现，混沌保密通信系统对传输信号的提取能力与信号的频率有关.当信号频率较低时，闭环结构的接收机对信号的滤波效果较好；当信号频率接近半导体激光器的弛豫振荡频率时，接收机的滤波效果较差.分析结果同时表明，混沌保密通信系统中接收机对传输信号的提取质量不仅与实现混沌同步的两激光器的同步质量有关，而且依赖于传输信号的幅度. 关键词： 混沌 混沌同步 半导体激光器 滤波