共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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本文使用分子动力学方法对金属钨的熔化过程进行了数值模拟,分析了钨在熔化过程中的结构、系统内能变化以及表面熔化过程固-液界面变化情况,初步分析了表面熔化现象的机理。模拟过程采用嵌入原子模型(EAM)描述原子间相互作用,模拟结果表明,嵌入原子模型适合于计算固-液相变过程,表面熔化过程是由表面处最外层原子的不稳定性触发的。对于均匀熔化过程,晶体在4700 K下发生固-液相变;对于表面熔化过程,计算获得了不同温度(3800~4800 K)下的熔化速度,拟合出熔化速度公式,得到的表面熔化热力学熔点与已有实验结果基本符合。 相似文献
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采用Mishin镶嵌原子势,通过分子动力学方法模拟了金属Cu 的(110)表面在不同应变下的熔 化行为,分析了表面熔化过程中系统结构组态和能量的变化以及固液界面迁移情况.金属Cu 的(110)表面在低于热力学熔点的温度下发生预熔化,准液体层的厚度随温度升高而增加.当 温度高于热力学熔点时,固液界面的移动速度与温度成正比,外推得到热力学熔点为1380K ,与实验结果1358K吻合良好.应变效应(包括拉伸和压缩)导致热力学熔点降低,并促进表 面预熔化进程.在相同温度条件下,准液体层的厚度随应变绝对值的增加而增大.应变效应导 致的固相自由能增加是金属Cu(110)表面热稳定性下降的主要因素,且表面应力和应变方向 的异同也会影响表面预熔化的进程.
关键词:
表面预熔化
热力学熔点
表面应力
分子动力学 相似文献
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利用分子动力学模拟详细研究了不同厚度的Au纳米薄膜的熔化机理和结构演变. 模拟结果表明所有Au纳米薄膜的熔化行为分为两个阶段,即表面预熔和均相熔化. 只有最外层原子出现了预熔化行为,
其他内层原子在均相熔化之前始终保持稳定的固态,这与零维的Au纳米团簇和一维的Au纳米线的预熔化行为是不同的. 同时Au纳米薄膜的熔化温度随着薄膜厚度的增加而升高. 在预熔化过程中,在原子水平上发现了所有的Au纳米薄膜的f100g晶面向f111g晶面转变的表面重建过程. 对于最薄的L2纳米薄膜,当温度低于500 K 时表面应力不能诱导这样的表面重建. 然而一维的Au纳米线在更低温度下就能够观察到了由表面应力诱导的表面重建过程. 这主要是因为Au纳米线具有更高的比表面积所导致的. 另外研究结果还表明当模拟温度达到某一特定值时,由双原子层组成的Au纳米薄膜能够分裂成一维的纳米线. 相似文献
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产品表面缺陷检测是工业自动化生产的重要环节,准确率是评价自动检测系统可靠性的主要指标。基于复杂纹理表面缺陷检测的特殊性以及对检测方法的实时性、通用性等要求,提出了优化骨干网络并使用迁移学习特征映射构建复杂纹理表面缺陷的检测方法。该方法通过优化残差网络模型并建立仿真数据集的方式进行迁移学习,以解决实际情况中复杂纹理表面产品数据集样本数量少、数据集制作困难、相似问题难以互相兼容等问题。实验结果表明,提出的方法可以准确地检测随机复杂纹理的人造木质板材表面缺陷,平均准确率可达99.6%。现有实验条件下单张人造木质板材的检测时间为305 ms,可以满足在线检测的实时性要求。研究结果可为基于深度学习的复杂纹理表面缺陷检测提供新的思路与理论参考。 相似文献
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Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs. 相似文献
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A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output. 相似文献
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S. G. Nedel’ko M. A. Krysyuk A. L. Apanasenko L. N. Lymarenko Z. T. Moroz 《Journal of Applied Spectroscopy》1997,64(1):55-61
Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped
with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly
described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation
(5.5·104 Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum
cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics
of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure
crystals is analyzed (preliminarily).
Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997. 相似文献
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A multi-conjugate adaptive optics (MCAO) can offer a possibility of widening field of view (FOV) characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle's expressions of two deformable mirrors (DMs) MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance. 相似文献
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Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use. 相似文献
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The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper. 相似文献
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40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm. 相似文献
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A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands. 相似文献