The Ricci operator of completely solvable metric lie algebras

We study the Ricci curvature of completely solvablemetric Lie algebras. In particular,we prove that the Ricci operator of every completely solvable nonunimodular or every noncommutative nilpotent metric Lie algebra has at least two negative eigenvalues.     

On the Ricci curvature of nonunimodular solvable metric Lie algebras of small dimension

The Ricci curvature of solvable metric Lie algebras is studied. In particular, we prove that the Ricci operator of any metric nonunimodular solvable Lie algebra of dimension not exceeding 6 has at least two negative eigenvalues, that generalizes the known results.     

On the Ricci curvature of solvable metric lie algebras with two-step nilpotent derived algebras

We prove that the Ricci operator of any nonunimoular solvable metric Lie algebra having a two-step nilpotent derived Lie algebra of dimension 6 has at least two negative eigenvalues.     

On Ricci negative solvmanifolds and their nilradicals

In the homogeneous case, the only curvature behavior which is still far from being understood is Ricci negative. In this paper, we study which nilpotent Lie algebras admit a Ricci negative solvable extension. Different unexpected behaviors were found. On the other hand, given a nilpotent Lie algebra, we consider the space of all the derivations such that the corresponding solvable extension has a metric with negative Ricci curvature. Using the nice convexity properties of the moment map for the variety of nilpotent Lie algebras, we obtain a useful characterization of such derivations and some applications.     

Ricci soliton homogeneous nilmanifolds

We study a notion weakening the Einstein condition on a left invariant Riemannian metric g on a nilpotent Lie groupN. We consider those metrics satisfying Ric for some and some derivationD of the Lie algebra ofN, where Ric denotes the Ricci operator of . This condition is equivalent to the metric g to be a Ricci soliton. We prove that a Ricci soliton left invariant metric on N is unique up to isometry and scaling. The following characterization is also given: (N,g) is a Ricci soliton if and only if (N,g) admits a metric standard solvable extension whose corresponding standard solvmanifold is Einstein. This gives several families of new examples of Ricci solitons. By a variational approach, we furthermore show that the Ricci soliton homogeneous nilmanifolds (N,g) are precisely the critical points of a natural functional defined on a vector space which contains all the homogeneous nilmanifolds of a given dimension as a real algebraic set. Received August 24, 1999 / Revised October 2, 2000 / Published online February 5, 2001     

Moduli of Einstein and non-Einstein nilradicals

A nilpotent Lie algebra is called an Einstein nilradical if the corresponding Lie group admits a left-invariant Ricci soliton metric. While these metrics are of independent interest, their existence is intimately related to the existence of Einstein metrics on solvable Lie groups. In this note we are concerned with the following question: How are the Einstein and non-Einstein nilradicals distributed among nilpotent Lie algebras? A full answer to this question is not known and we restrict to the class of 2-step nilpotent Lie groups. Within this class, it is known that a generic group admits a Ricci soliton metric. Using techniques from Geometric Invariant Theory, we study the set of non-generic algebras to learn more about the distribution of non-Einstein nilradicals. Many new (continuous) families of non-isomorphic, non-Einstein nilradicals are constructed. Moreover, the dimension of these families can be arbitrarily large (depending on the dimension of the underlying Lie group). To show such large classes of Lie groups are pairwise non-isomorphic, a new technique is developed to distinguish between Lie algebras.     

Metric Lie algebras with maximal isotropic centre

A metric Lie algebra is a Lie algebra equipped with an invariant non-degenerate symmetric bilinear form. It is called indecomposable if it is not the direct sum of two metric Lie algebras. We are interested in describing the isomorphism classes of indecomposable metric Lie algebras. In the present paper we restrict ourselves to a certain class of solvable metric Lie algebras which includes all indecomposable metric Lie algebras with maximal isotropic centre. We will see that each metric Lie algebra belonging to this class is a twofold extension associated with an orthogonal representation of an abelian Lie algebra. We will describe equivalence classes of such extensions by a certain cohomology set. In particular we obtain a classification scheme for indecomposable metric Lie algebras with maximal isotropic centre and the classification of metric Lie algebras of index 2.     

有限维非退化可解李代数的顶点算子代数

构造相应于非退化可解李代数g的顶点算子代数分两步进行,首先构造顶点代数.本文是在已经得到的相应于非退化可解李代数g的顶点代数(Vg(l,0),Y(V,1)上构造顶点算子代数.定义了非退化可解李代数g的Casimir算子Ω,给出了在伴随表示下Ω作用在g上是0及相关性质,并应用Ω定义出Vg(l,0)中元素ω,证明了Vg(l,0)关于ω的顶点算子YV(ω,x)的系数构成一个Virasoro代数-模,还证明了ω满足顶点算子代数定义中Virasoro-向量的所有公理.从而证得(Vg(l,0),Yv,1,ω)是一个顶点算子代数.     

Homogeneous Ricci solitons on four-dimensional Lie groups with a left-invariant Riemannian metric

Homogeneous Ricci solitons on four-dimensional Lie groups with a left-invariant Riemannian metric are studied. The absence of nontrivial homogeneous invariant Ricci solitons is proved. The algebraic soliton equations are solved in terms of the structure constants of the metric Lie algebra.     

On harmonic and 2-stein spaces of Iwasawa type

We study geometric properties of solvable metric Lie groups S of Iwasawa type; in particular harmonicity and the 2-stein condition. One restriction we obtain is that harmonic spaces of Iwasawa type have algebraic rank one, that is, the commutator subgroup of S has codimension one.We show that among Carnot solvmanifolds the only harmonic spaces are the Damek–Ricci spaces. Moreover, this rigidity result remains valid if harmonicity is replaced by the weaker 2-stein condition. As an application, we show that a harmonic Lie group of Iwasawa type with nonsingular 2-step nilpotent commutator subgroup is, up to scaling, a Damek–Ricci space.     

Algebraic Ricci solitons on metric Lie groups with zero Schouten–Weyl tensor

Algebraic Ricci solitons on Lie groups with left-invariant (pseudo)Riemannian metric and zero Schouten–Weyl tensor are studied. The absence of nontrivial algebraic Ricci solitons on metric Lie groups with zero Schouten–Weyl tensor and diagonalizable Ricci operator is proved.     

Einstein solvmanifolds with a simple Einstein derivation

The structure of a solvable Lie group admitting an Einstein left-invariant metric is, in a sense, completely determined by the nilradical of its Lie algebra. We give an easy-to-check necessary and sufficient condition for a nilpotent algebra to be an Einstein nilradical whose Einstein derivation has simple eigenvalues. As an application, we classify filiform Einstein nilradicals (modulo known classification results on filiform graded Lie algebras).      

On Einstein extensions of nilpotent metric Lie algebras

The main result of the article is as follows: If a nilpotent noncommutative metric Lie algebra (n, Q) is such that the operator Id ? trace(Ric) / trace(Ric²) Ric is positive definite then every Einstein solvable extension of (n, Q) is standard. We deduce several consequences of this assertion. In particular, we prove that all Einstein solvmanifolds of dimension at most 7 are standard.     

On the Chern‐Ricci flow and its solitons for Lie groups

This paper is concerned with Chern‐Ricci flow evolution of left‐invariant hermitian structures on Lie groups. We study the behavior of a solution, as t is approaching the first time singularity, by rescaling in order to prevent collapsing and obtain convergence in the pointed (or Cheeger‐Gromov) sense to a Chern‐Ricci soliton. We give some results on the Chern‐Ricci form and the Lie group structure of the pointed limit in terms of the starting hermitian metric and, as an application, we obtain a complete picture for the class of solvable Lie groups having a codimension one normal abelian subgroup. We have also found a Chern‐Ricci soliton hermitian metric on most of the complex surfaces which are solvmanifolds, including an unexpected shrinking soliton example.     

Negative Ricci curvature on some non-solvable Lie groups

We show that for any non-trivial representation \((V, \pi )\) of \(\mathfrak {u}(2)\) with the center acting as multiples of the identity, the semidirect product \(\mathfrak {u}(2) \ltimes _\pi V\) admits a metric with negative Ricci curvature that can be explicitly obtained. It is proved that \(\mathfrak {u}(2) \ltimes _\pi V\) degenerates to a solvable Lie algebra that admits a metric with negative Ricci curvature. An n-dimensional Lie group with compact Levi factor \(\mathrm {SU}(2)\) admitting a left invariant metric with negative Ricci is therefore obtained for any \(n \ge 7\).     

Poisson manifolds with compatible pseudo-metric and pseudo-Riemannian Lie algebras

In a previous paper (C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. I 333 (2001) 763–768), the author introduced a notion of compatibility between a Poisson structure and a pseudo-Riemannian metric. In this paper, we introduce a new class of Lie algebras called pseudo-Riemannian Lie algebras. The two notions are closely related: we prove that the dual of a Lie algebra endowed with its canonical linear Poisson structure carries a compatible pseudo-Riemannian metric if and only if the Lie algebra is a pseudo-Riemannian Lie algebra. Moreover, the Lie algebra obtained by linearizing at a point a Poisson manifold with a compatible pseudo-Riemannian metric is a pseudo-Riemannian Lie algebra. We also give some properties of the symplectic leaves of such manifolds, and we prove that every Poisson manifold with a compatible Riemannian metric is unimodular. Finally, we study Poisson Lie groups endowed with a compatible pseudo-Riemannian metric, and we give the classification of all pseudo-Riemannian Lie algebras of dimension 2 and 3.     

三次可解型非退化李代数及其导子李代数的结构

本文给出了非退化可解李代数的两个类型:三次可解型非退化李代数和扩充的 Heisenberg李代数,并确定三次可解型非退化李代数及其导子李代数的结构．     

Conformally Flat Algebraic Ricci Solitons on Lie Groups

The paper is devoted to the study of conformally flat Lie groups with left-invariant (pseudo) Riemannianmetric of an algebraic Ricci soliton. Previously conformally flat algebraic Ricci solitons on Lie groups have been studied in the case of small dimension and under an additional diagonalizability condition on the Ricci operator. The present paper continues these studies without the additional requirement that the Ricci operator be diagonalizable. It is proved that any nontrivial conformally flat algebraic Ricci soliton on a Lie group must be steady and have Ricci operator of Segrè type {(1... 1 2)} with a unique eigenvalue (equal to 0).     

Ricci flat metrics with bidimensional null orbits and non-integrable orthogonal distribution

We study Ricci flat 4-metrics of any signature under the assumption that they allow a Lie algebra of Killing fields with 2-dimensional orbits along which the metric degenerates and whose orthogonal distribution is not integrable. It turns out that locally there is a unique (up to a sign) metric which satisfies the conditions. This metric is of signature (++−−) and, moreover, homogeneous possessing a 6-dimensional symmetry algebra.