基于蚁群优化最小二乘支持向量机模型的边坡稳定性分析

液固混合介质隔振器基于一种全新的工作机理,具有优良的隔振系统动力学特性. 混合介质由一类几乎不可压缩液体和许多可压缩的固体单元混合而成. 当振动、冲击发生时, 液体将动压力瞬间传递到所有单元体上, 使它们同时参与变形,从而有效隔离振动,大幅度吸收、损耗冲击能量; 若设计得当,这类隔振器可同时具有卓越的隔振和缓冲性能. 以空心橡胶球作为固体单元体, 分析了该单元体在有限变形情况下的变形规律, 分析了隔振器的非线性刚度特性; 采用MTS液压伺服试验系统进行了测试验证, 理论分析和试验结果具有较好的一致性. 建立了系统的非线性动力学方程, 采用多尺度摄动法获得了系统的频响特性, 发现系统具有软弹簧非线性动力学特性, 并在试验中得到了证实; 因为弹性恢复力中存在位移平方项, 通过试验和数值仿真进一步验证了系统响应的非对称性.     

一类液固混合介质隔振器的动力学特性研究

液固混合介质隔振器基于一种全新的工作机理,具有优良的隔振系统动力学特性.混合介质由一类几乎不可压缩液体和许多可压缩的固体单元混合而成.当振动、冲击发生时, 液体将动压力瞬间传递到所有单元体上,使它们同时参与变形,从而有效隔离振动,大幅度吸收、损耗冲击能量;若设计得当,这类隔振器可同时具有卓越的隔振和缓冲性能.以空心橡胶球作为固体单元体, 分析了该单元体在有限变形情况下的变形规律,分析了隔振器的非线性刚度特性; 采用MTS液压伺服试验系统进行了测试验证,理论分析和试验结果具有较好的一致性. 建立了系统的非线性动力学方程,采用多尺度摄动法获得了系统的频响特性, 发现系统具有软弹簧非线性动力学特性,并在试验中得到了证实; 因为弹性恢复力中存在位移平方项,通过试验和数值仿真进一步验证了系统响应的非对称性.      

高压下液体微管道流动的摄动分析

应用参数摄动法对可压缩N-S方程进行渐近展开,并取其零阶近似对高压下微管道液体流动特性进行了分析．对任意截面形状和面积的微管道,在等温流动假设下将其截面形状、滑移长度等对解的贡献转化为求解该截面的格林函数,并给出等截面圆形微管道流动的零阶近似解．以此分析可压缩性、黏性以及壁面滑移等因素对高压下液体微管道流动特性的影响,进一步揭示了高压驱动下液体微管道流动偏离经典Hagen-Poiseuille(HP)理论的原因．      

汶川大地震后水坝建设中若干问题的思考

应用参数摄动法对可压缩N-S方程进行渐近展开,并取其零阶近似对高压下微管道液体流动 特性进行了分析．对任意截面形状和面积的微管道,在等温流动假设下将其截面形状、滑移 长度等对解的贡献转化为求解该截面的格林函数,并给出等截面圆形微管道流动的零阶近似 解．以此分析可压缩性、黏性以及壁面滑移等因素对高压下液体微管道流动特性的影响,进 一步揭示了高压驱动下液体微管道流动偏离经典Hagen-Poiseuille(HP)理论的原因．     

惯组小系统动力学建模与非线性特性分析

基于"三心重合"的设计思想和飞行器的姿态需求,建立了含立方项非线性刚度的惯组小系统动力学模型。提出了惯组小系统存在系统动刚度和减振器动刚度的"双层级"概念。利用龙格-库塔法求解渐软非线性系统对正弦扫频激励的响应,得出减振器动刚度存在对激励幅值和激励频率的敏感区域,采用动刚度曲线表征了减振器的非线性软化特性。利用虚弧长延拓法计算惯组小系统的非线性频响函数和传递特性,预示了高量级振动下减振器的动力失稳现象。通过惯组小系统传递特性试验,验证了减振器具有渐软刚度的非线性特性。扫频法计算结果与正弦扫频试验结果的吻合度达到96.5%,检验了构建模型的正确性。所建立的模型工程应用简便,对惯组小系统非线性特性的预示具有较高的精度,可供飞行器姿控系统设计时参考。     

动力减振器常用公式的补充

1.引言自本世纪初夫拉姆发明动力减振器,至今已有七八十年的历史了。但是,在对于动力减振器的理论研究中,人们似乎忽视了这样一个简单的事实:即系统的幅频响应特性随激振力形式的不同而不同。因此,根据传统的动力减振器(特别是有阻尼动力减振器)理论来解决实际问题时,在许多情况下都会得出不正确的结论。所以,搞清这一问题,不论     

渗流力学的近况、动向和展望(续)

六、非均质地层中的渗流 地层的宏观非均质性及其对渗流的影响越来越为人们所认识和重视。不可压缩均质液体在非均质地层中的渗流归结为求解变系数椭圆型方程;当液体为可压缩时,则归结为求解变系数抛物型方程;一般情况下无法求得解析解,多年来只获得了地层参数按特定规律分布时的一些解答。在非均质液体渗流情形下则是更加难以求解的非线性数学物理问题。迄今对非均质地层的渗流问题只能求其近似解。大型高速电子数字计算机使这类问题的数值求解变得越来越有效和方便。     

可压缩、粘性翼前缘分离涡研究

从N-S方程出发,推得用于描述飞行器分离涡的可压缩、粘性涡核方程,给出了对于亚、跨、超音速都适用的数值解法,它可以计算分离涡或尾迹涡特性。导出了可压缩分离涡的破裂条件,并用于计算破裂位置。得到和分析了压缩性等参数对分离涡运动影响的一系列感兴趣特性。     

履带车辆磁流变减振器响应时间研究

磁流变减振器是应用磁流变液在强磁场下的快速可逆变特性而制造的一种新型振动控制装置,是履带车辆主动悬挂系统的核心部分。本文从理论上分析磁流变减振器响应时间的组成,在磁流变液的Bingham模型和流体力学的基础上,分析了流体流变响应时间的影响因素,提出了近似算法,并在磁流变减振器的实验基础上,作出阻尼力与位移的曲线图,求出阻尼力突变并达到稳定的响应时间。     

高速液—固碰撞时固体弹性和液体可压缩性对撞击压力的影响

本文联立求解可压缩平面液体撞击弹性固体表面时液体激波面及液固相界面上的物理过程控制方程组,导出了激波速度、撞击压力和固体表面变形速度的计算公式.导出的公式中包括了表征液体可压缩性的撞击马赫数M_0和表征固体弹性的液固声阻抗比Γ.通过计算液体撞击PMMA,钙钠玻璃、ZnSe和1Cr13时的撞击压力,本文具体分析了M_0和Γ对撞击压力产生的综合影响。     

A study of sloshing absorber geometry for structural control with SPH

A liquid sloshing absorber consists of a container, partially filled with liquid. The absorber is attached to the structure to be controlled, and relies on the structure's motion to excite the liquid. Consequently, a sloshing wave is produced at the liquid free-surface within the absorber, possessing energy dissipative qualities. The primary objective of this work is to numerically demonstrate the effect of a sloshing absorber's shape on its control performance. Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) is used to model fluid–structure interaction of the structure/sloshing absorber system in two dimensions. The structure to be controlled is a lightly damped single degree-of-freedom structure. The structure is subjected to a transient excitation and then allowed to respond dynamically, coming to rest either due to its own damping alone or with the added control of the sloshing absorber. It is identified that the control performance of the conventionally used rectangular container geometry can be improved by having inward-angled walls. This new arrangement is robust, and of significant advantage in situations when the external disturbance is of uncertain magnitude.     

一种固流耦合结构的抗冲击力学特性实验研究

针对一种新型固流耦合减振器原理样机开展了多参数匹配冲击力学特性实验研究,结果表明其具有良好的抗大冲击能力,并表现出强非线性动态力学特征,同时通过改变一些主要的参数器件测试其力学工作特性,研究了共力学特性的设计可控性。     

Spectral simulation and shock absorber identification

In vehicle dynamics shock absorbers are used for the optimization of driving comfort and driving safety. Therefore, it is necessary to identify characteristics of shock absorbers under real conditions. This paper introduces the use of hardware-in-the-loop simulations for the identification of shock absorbers involving stochastic models of the road roughness. For this purpose a dynamic hydraulic test stand is used replacing the classical mechanical test stands which allow only sinusoidal excitation. For the Monte Carlo simulation with a real shock absorber in the loop, the random excitation of ground roughness is generated using a modified spectral representation method based on the famous contributions of Shinozuka. Motion and force of the shock absorber are measured and fed back to the Monte Carlo simulation of a car model in real time. The characteristic of the shock absorber is identified using the classical least squares method and a correlation-based method. A piecewise linear model for the characteristic relating the damping force and the velocity of the piston is applied for the shock absorber identification.     

The use of a slow sound speed fluorocarbon liquid for shock wave research

Fluorocarbon liquids have very low sound speeds in comparison with water. The measurement of shock waves in water is complicated by its relatively high sound speed. This paper presents a fluorocarbon liquid with a sound speed of 655 m/s for use in liquid shock experiments. Experimental and numerical results of shock wave reflection from various parabolas and wedges are given. Experiments were performed in a vertical liquid shock tube. The properties including an equation of state for the liquid are given. Numerical simulations using this equation of state are performed using a finite element program. It is shown that the investigation of non-linearities in water will require shock tubes that can withstand high pressures. Due to the high B/A parameter for this fluorocarbon liquid, it is demonstrated that non-linearities can be achieved and studied at much lower pressures. Received 1 July 1996 / Accepted 26 September 1996     

Implementation of integral fixed-time sliding mode controller for speed regulation of PMSM servo system

The paper presents a new concept of absorbing car body vibrations, which consists in a modification of the construction of the classical mono-tube hydraulic shock absorber by the introduction of an additional inner cylinder with an auxiliary piston. By making an appropriate selection of the system parameters, one may obtain the damping force characteristics dependent on the excitation amplitude and frequency. In the case of driving on a good-quality road surface, the shock absorber displays the soft characteristics which are desired as far as the driving comfort is concerned. In the case of worse-quality roads or while overcoming large obstacles, the hard characteristics ensure a higher level of safety and protect the shock absorber from getting damaged. The developed nonlinear model makes it possible to effectively analyse the system responses to harmonic, impulse and random excitations. On the basis of the analysis of the impact of harmonic excitations on the driving comfort and safety indexes, one may estimate the optimal values of the shock absorber construction parameters. Impulse and random excitations are applied in order to finally verify the effectiveness of the operation of the proposed shock absorber.

     

汽车模拟碰撞用液压缓冲器的动态仿真

汽车模拟碰撞(台车试验)用缓冲装置是汽车零部件安全试验中一个非常关键的设备。应用孔口节流理论，建立了汽车模拟碰撞用液压缓冲器的力学模型，同时对主要参数对模型的影响进行了具体的讨论。试验证明，进行参数优化后，计算曲线能够很好地模拟试验曲线。该仿真过程可以为类似液压缓冲器的理论建模和调试提供依据。     

Nonlinear dynamic responses of twin-tube hydraulic shock absorber

Basically on the multi-body system dynamics, the virtual prototype of the hydraulic shock absorber for the bench test is developed in the ADAMS environment. Dynamic behaviors of the absorber are studied by both computer simulation and real test. Numerical predictions of dynamic responses are produced by the established virtual prototype of the absorber and compared with experimental results. It has been shown from the comparison that the vibration behaviors of the prototype with hysteretic damping characteristics are considered to be more identical with the bench test results than those of the same prototype with piecewise linear damping properties are. The current virtual prototype of the shock absorber is correct and can be a developing terrace for the optimizing design of the absorber and matching capability of the whole car.     

液压减振器随机热力学模型与油温变化研究

为了获得具有更多信息和更加接近工程实际的液压减振器油温热力学模型,将随机不确定性理论引入到液压减振器油温传统热力学模型中进行研究。将液压油密度、导热系数、比热容和运动粘度作为随机变量,运用求解函数数字特征的代数综合法建立减振器随机热力学模型,进而获得油液传热过程规律。将油温随机热力学模型研究结果和传统模型的计算结果与实验结果进行比较,证明随机不确定性理论的引入可行且随机热力学模型比传统模型更加优越。     

Dynamics of vibration isolation system with a quasi-isochronous roller shock absorber

The low-frequency vibrations of a vibration isolation system of rigid bodies (roller shock absorber and carrying body) under external harmonic loading are considered. The working surface of the absorber has the form of a brachistochrone. The equations describing the slip-free motion of the absorber over the hinged roller and the motion of the carrying body are derived. A graphical method for optimizing the parameters of the roller absorber as a component of the vibration isolation system is proposed     

金属丝网——油液介质耦合减振器抗冲击动态力学特性研究

基于金属丝网－油液介质耦合减振器原理样机的抗冲击动态力学特性进行研究，样机的多参数匹配冲击试验研究表明该减振器具有强非线性动态特征，并能实现抗大冲击；在此基础上结合流体理论和库伦摩擦理论建立了原理样机非线性冲击动态特性模型，研究减振器抗冲击力学特性的设计可控性，该建模方法直接引入结构参数，为直接设计具体的器件建立了理论基础。