利用迈克耳孙干涉仪测量透明体的折射率

光的干涉在光学领域有着广泛的应用,本文提出用迈克耳孙干涉仪测量薄透明体折射率的方法,当被测透明体插入迈克耳孙干涉仪的光路中时,其会与光路呈不同夹角,对应光程变化可通过等倾干涉圆环的变化,根据实验仪器吞吐圆环数、薄透明体厚度、薄透明体折射率、薄透明体与光路夹角之间的关系,据此可同时测得薄透明体厚度和折射率.并且在测量过程中系统不再变动,可使系统误差进一步降低.     

基于迈克耳孙干涉仪及劈尖测量透明液体折射率

提出了基于迈克耳孙干涉仪及劈尖组合的测量透明液体折射率的方法,对迈克耳孙干涉仪进行简单改装,将一个注满待测透明液体的劈尖和一个空的玻璃劈尖分别置入2个光路中.通过调节传动装置使注入液体劈尖在光路中的厚度发生缓慢变化,从而记录生出或消失的干涉条纹个数,进而测量液体的折射率.     

基于迈克耳孙干涉的金属丝杨氏模量测量

在拉伸法测量材料的杨氏模量实验中,为了精确地测量被测物体微小伸长量,采用了迈克耳孙干涉法,该方法可将测量精度提高到激光波长的量级.本文详细介绍了该方法的实验原理、实验步骤及实验测量结果.     

迈克耳孙干涉仪的改进

为了减少迈克耳孙干涉仪实验中人为因素产生的误差,应用计算机图像处理技术,在传统迈克耳孙干涉仪的基础上构建了光波波长自动测量系统.该系统通过串口通讯协议,精准控制步进电机改变"动镜"的位置,获得固定微小光程差,从CCD相机采集干涉条纹图像,应用专用的图像识别软件,实现光源波长的自动测量.     

迈克耳孙干涉仪中的镜面面形误差研究分析EI北大核心CSCD

从迈克耳孙干涉仪干涉原理出发,分析了圆形镜面抛光面形误差对干涉调制度的影响。由于存在镜面面形误差,干涉调制度不能达到理想情况下的100%,但其干涉调制度不能低于理想情况下的90%。通过分析和讨论,镜面面形误差最好控制在λ/14以内,干涉调制度才可能不低于90%,这样干涉仪才能保持比较满意的性能。同时,使用Zygo干涉仪对5组平面镜的平面度进行了测量,得到了这5组平面镜的峰-峰值和其他一些参数,通过分析测量结果,这5组平面镜的平面度都能达到干涉调制度的要求。通过对迈克耳孙干涉仪中平面镜面形误差的研究,这对于干涉光谱仪的设计、研制和性能的分析都具有一定的指导意义。     

迈克耳孙干涉仪中的镜面面形误差研究分析

从迈克耳孙干涉仪干涉原理出发,分析了圆形镜面抛光面形误差对干涉调制度的影响。由于存在镜面面形误差,干涉调制度不能达到理想情况下的100%,但其干涉调制度不能低于理想情况下的90%。通过分析和讨论,镜面面形误差最好控制在λ/14以内,干涉调制度才可能不低于90%,这样干涉仪才能保持比较满意的性能。同时,使用Zygo干涉仪对5组平面镜的平面度进行了测量,得到了这5组平面镜的峰-峰值和其他一些参数,通过分析测量结果,这5组平面镜的平面度都能达到干涉调制度的要求。通过对迈克耳孙干涉仪中平面镜面形误差的研究,这对于干涉光谱仪的设计、研制和性能的分析都具有一定的指导意义。     

迈克耳孙干涉仪的数字化设计

使用硅光电晶体三极管作为光干涉条纹传感器,采用变间隙动极板电容传感器代替传统微距测量的设计方案,利用单片机对干涉条纹进行计数并自动测量反射镜的微小位移,实现了迈克耳孙干涉仪的数字化测量.制作了检测系统及电路,完成系统的软件设计.He-Ne激光波长的测量实验结果表明,采用该方案能够缩短测量时间,提高测量精度.     

迈克耳孙光学干涉仪实验中引入光学相干层析成像实验的讨论

光学相干层析成像技术(OCT)主要光路系统是基于迈克耳孙干涉仪结构,通过短相干光源可以测得目标的断层信息.通过对迈克耳孙干涉仪的光源、探测器及算法等软硬件进行改进,将光学相干层析成像实验引入到光学干涉实验教学中.该方式既能加深学生对迈克耳孙干涉仪的认识,又可以让学生接触干涉仪的前沿应用,有着较好的教学意义.     

利用改进的迈克耳孙干涉仪测量空气折射率

在光学平台上搭建迈克耳孙干涉光路,在一光路中加入一透明玻璃气室,通过改变气室内的压强来观察条纹"吞吐"数量,就可以测定空气折射率。本实验通过一根细软管将光路中的玻璃气室与一大气瓶相连接,在不影响实际光路长度的基础上,很大程度上实现将传统的小气室改造放大。另外,采用压力传感器和温度传感器测量气室内的压强和温度,使压强测量结果更加灵敏精确,并实现了对气室内温度的实时监测。利用改进后的迈克耳孙干涉仪测量空气折射率,使实验过程中压强和条纹变化缓慢且稳定,极大提高了实验的灵敏度和测量精度。     

采用光电计数的激光微位移测量实验系统

以迈克耳孙干涉仪的光路为基础,利用CCD实时采集干涉条纹的光强信息,通过精确测量条纹的偏移量,测出物体的微位移.与传统微位移测量方法相比,He-Ne激光器、CCD等器件的使用和FFT、互相关运算等信号处理方法的运用,使得测量精度和灵敏度有较大提高,借助虚拟仪器手段还实现了微位移的全自动测量.     

关于"太阳在银河系中所受引力与到银心距离r的关系"的讨论

讨论了银道面内的引力场强分布和太阳在银河系中所受引力与到银心距离r的关系，指出引力场强g并不是与r的平方成反比，这是由于银河系的大小和形状不能忽略造成的．强调了万有引力定律的适用条件．     

On the calculation of the bremsstrahlung in the region of the plasma frequency

On the basis of the classical theory of radiation produced in incomplete Coulomb interaction, a formula is derived for the coefficient of the bremsstrahlung of fully ionized plasma. In the region of rectilinear approximation a comparison is made with the results of the quantum formula derived from the Born approximation. Furthermore, the influence of dispersion upon the emission coefficient is taken into account; some relations for the region of dispersion are given.     

Dependence of the Intensity of the Spectral Lines and the Composition of the Sample and the Plasma Parameters of the Unipolar Arc

The investigation was made of the dependence of the intensity of Tl, Ga, Mo, Mg, Mn, Sn, Bi, Ni, Zn, Pt and Au spectral lines and the plasma parameters (temperature T, electron concentration n_e, degree of 6 ionnization α) from concentration of lithium additive.     

On the predictability of the positions of the convergence zones in the ocean

The disagreement between the experimental and calculated positions of the first convergence zone are known from many publications. The most probable cause for such a disagreement, namely, the incorrect specification of the input data for the calculations, is considered. The lack of simultaneity between the hydrological surveys of the region and the acoustic experiments is emphasized. The experimental data obtained by the author in five ocean regions are presented. These data characterize the diurnal variability of the distance from the source to the nearest boundary of the convergence zone. The relations proposed by different researchers for calculating the sound speed from the temperature, salinity, and hydrostatic pressure are analyzed. It is shown that these relations lead to a substantial difference in the estimated depth dependence of the hydrostatic gradient of the sound speed. The position of the first convergence zone is calculated for the propagation conditions determined by vertical temperature and salinity profiles with the subsequent recalculation of these profiles into sound speed profiles by using eight different formulas known from the literature. It is shown that different formulas lead to different values of the distance to the first zone; this difference is substantially greater than that between the calculations and experiment. The necessity of improving the recalculation relations in view of the experimental data on sound propagation in natural oceanic waveguides, including the data on the actual positions of the convergence zones, is emphasized.     

Extracting the wavefunction of the LSP at the LHC

We consider associated production of squarks and gluinos with the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP), or states nearly degenerate in mass with it. Though sub-dominant to pair production of color SU(3)-charged superpartners, these processes are directly sensitive to the wavefunction composition of the lightest neutralinos. Exploiting event-shape variables - including some introduced here for the first time - we are able to identify the composition of the LSP by selecting events involving a single high-pT jet recoiling against missing transverse energy. We illustrate the proposed technique on a set of benchmark cases and propose methods for applying these results in more realistic experimental environments.     

Set the controls for the heart of the Sun

In this paper we describe experiments conducted with high-power lasers that are attempting to replicate, for a very short time and in miniature, conditions found in the Sun. Experiments to date have reached conditions in the outer part of the Sun. To reach the Sun's centre requires compression of material to very much greater than solid density and heating to over ten million degrees. To achieve this, a new class of experiments and a new generation of high-power lasers are required.     

On the Question of the Source of the Apokamp

Technical Physics - The object of this work is the apokamp—a new type of plasma jet, which is formed from a bright offshoot emerging at the bending point of a channel of a high-voltage...