离子色谱法测定饮用水中痕量NO_2~-

建立了抑制型电导-离子色谱法测定饮用水中痕量NO_2~-的方法。实验以Metrosep A Supp5-250/4.0型色谱柱为分离柱,3.2 mmol/L Na_2CO_3-1.0 mmol/L NaHCO_3溶液为淋洗液,分析饮用水中的NO_2~-。结果表明:NO_2~-在0.0569~10.0mg/L浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系,检出限为0.0569mg/L,样品加标回收率在102.0%~104.4%之间,相对标准偏差为0.949%。该方法用于饮用水中痕量亚硝酸盐的测定,具有简便、快速、灵敏度高、检出限低等特点。     

同时测定海水中K+、Na+、Ca2+、Cl-的流动注射离子选择电极分析

建立了一种用于海水中K+、Na+、Ca2+、Cl-同时快速、自动测定的流动注射离子选择电极自动方法(FI-ISE-M),优化了方法的最佳条件:总离子强度调节液(TISAB)的组成为0.3 mmol/L K+、6.0 mmol/L Na+、1.4 mmol/L Ca2+、21.0 mmol/L Cl-及pH8.0的80 mmol/L的tris-H3BO3缓冲溶液,其流量为1.25mL/min;每次测定的样品用量仅为160μL,载流流量为1.42 mL/min,混合盘管长度为30cm(I.D.0.5 mm)。本方法的分析速度为100样/h,相对标准偏差为2.0%(n=11),标准添加回收率为94.9%～104.3%,测定范围分别为1.0～8.0 mmol/L K+、50～290 mmol/L Na+、3.2～16.0 mmol/L Ca2+、70～430 mmol/LCl-。本方法已应用于反渗透海水淡化系统的水质检测。     

碱化底液消除水负峰离子色谱法测定水中F~–,Cl~–等7种阴离子

在研究消除水负峰的基础上,建立离子色谱法测定水中F–,Cl–,NO2–,H2PO4–,Br–,NO3–,SO42–7种阴离子的方法。经实验确定淋洗液为4.5 mmol/L NaHCO3–4.0 mmol/L Na2CO3,淋洗液流量为1.0 mL/min,柱箱温度为35℃。在底液中加入与淋洗液同浓度的Na2CO3–NaHCO3可有效消除水负峰。该方法对7种阴离子的检出限为0.004~0.034 mg/L,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.69%~3.57%(n=6),加标回收率为95%~105%。该法能有效消除水负峰及其对F–测定的影响,操作简便、测定结果准确可靠,适用于水中F–、Cl–等7种阴离子的测定。     

离子色谱法测定环境水体中的卤乙酸和草甘膦

采用新型抑制器和电导检测器,建立了大体积直接进样离子色谱法测定环境水体中草甘膦和氯乙酸的方法. 采用大容量IonPacAS9-HC阴离子色谱柱,进样体积为500 μL,以25 mmol/L Na2CO3+2.0 mmol/L NaOH为淋洗液,流速1.0 mL/min,在22 min内可以测定环境水体中的草甘膦、氯乙酸,其中草甘膦、二氯乙酸、三氯乙酸的检出限分别为0.03、0.005、0.014 mg/L(S/N=3),回收率在92.6% ～103.9%. 用于测定河水和自来水中的草甘膦、二氯乙酸及三氯乙酸,结果令人满意.     

氧弹燃烧-离子色谱法测定煤中氯含量

建立了氧弹燃烧-离子色谱测定煤中氯含量的方法.在加有(NH4)2CO3溶液和过量氧气的氧弹中燃烧煤样,释放的氯被(NH4)2CO3溶液吸收,过滤溶液后, 采用离子色谱外标法测定滤液中氯的浓度,最后计算出煤中氯的含量.色谱工作条件:淋洗液为1.8 mmol/L Na2CO3与1.7 mmol/L NaHCO3混合液,流速1 mL/min;再生液为40 mmol/L H2SO4,流速0.5 mL/min;进样量20 μL.色谱标准工作曲线线性相关系数0.9996;10次测定1 mg/L Cl-标准溶液的均值为1.0012 mg/L,相对标准偏差为1.34%;8个煤样加标回收率为90.7%～104.3%;测定标准物质GBW11119 及GBW11120的相对误差分别为1.75%和1.36%;对比研究显示,氧弹燃烧-离子色谱测定8个煤样(除两个煤样外)氯含量结果远高于艾士卡剂混合熔样-离子色谱测定结果,表明艾士卡剂混合熔样过程由于煤样未处于完全密闭状态导致部分氯的散失.     

食品中亚硫酸盐的离子色谱法测定

建立了食品中亚硫酸盐的离子色谱检测方法. 样品采用40 mmol/L NaOH溶液提取, 甲醛作稳定剂, 经ENVI-Carb活性碳小柱除去提取液中的色素, 石油醚除去提取液中的油脂, 用配有电导检测器的离子色谱仪测定. 以AS9-HC为色谱柱, 流动相为8 mmol/L Na2CO3-2.5 mmol/L NaOH, 亚硫酸盐的残留量在0～6.0 mg/L的范围内线性关系良好, 相关系数为0.9989, 相对标准偏差为1.3%～9.1%, 回收率在88.4%～98.1%之间.     

在线渗析样品前处理-离子色谱法直接检测牛奶和果汁中甜蜜素含量

建立了在线渗析样品前处理-离子色谱法直接测定牛奶和果汁中甜蜜素的方法,采用2.4 mmol/L Na2CO3 + 2.0 mmol/L NaHCO3 +5%的丙酮溶液作淋洗液,方法的线性范围1.0～50.0 mg/L,相关系数0.9991,RSD≤6.0%,加标回收率80.3%～110.7%.     

抑制电导离子色谱法测定蔬菜、药品和水中对氨基苯磺酸

建立抑制电导离子色谱法测定蔬菜、药品和水中对氨基苯磺酸.以SH–AC–3型阴离子交换柱为分离柱,5.0 mmol/L Na2CO3–1.5 mmol/L NaHCO3为淋洗液,以1.0 mL/min的流量等度洗脱,对氨基苯磺酸与常见阴离子可实现完全分离,对氨基苯磺酸的色谱峰面积与质量浓度在0.05～100.0 mg/L...     

离子色谱法测定水中的F-、Cl-、NO2--N、NO3--N、SO42-

应用DX－102型离子色谱仪测定水中的F^-、Cl^-、NO2^-－N、NO3^-－N及SO4^2-，淋洗液为1.42mmol/L NaHCO3-1.50mmol/L Na2CO3溶液，淋洗液流速为1.8mL/min，进样量为25μL。5种离子在上述实验条件下分离良好，定量测定的线性相关系数均在0.9995以上。     

在线超滤–离子色谱法测定地下水中碘化物

建立在线超滤–离子色谱法测定地下水中碘化物的方法。选择Metrosep A Supp 5–150型色谱柱,以3.2 mmol/L Na2CO3–1.0 mmol/L NaHCO3–8% 丙酮混合溶液为淋洗液,流量为0.7 mL/min,进样体积为200 μL,检测温度为50 ℃。碘化物的质量浓度在0.000~1.00 mg/L范围内与色谱峰面积线性关系良好,线性相关系数r=0.999 8,检出限为0.002 mg/L。实际样品测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.5%~2.2%(n=6),加标回收率为89.0%~103.3%。该方法无需进行样品前处理,可直接进样,操作简便,灵敏度高,适用于地下水中碘化物的测定。     

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法同时测定地表水中16种全氟有机化合物

建立了固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联三重四极杆质谱联用技术分析水中16种全氟有机化合物的高通量检测方法。样品经WAX固相萃取柱富集和净化后,采用Waters ACQUITY UPLC^TM BEH C₁₈色谱柱,含2 mmol/L乙酸铵的甲醇和含2 mmol/L乙酸铵的水作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱采用电喷雾负离子电离,多反应监测模式检测。16种全氟有机化合物在0.5~100 μg/L或1.0~100 μg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9987~0.9999,方法的检出限为0.06~0.46 ng/L;高、中、低3个添加水平的回收率为67.6%~103%,相对标准偏差为2.94%~12.0%。结果表明,该方法灵敏、准确且检测范围广,分析速度快,是一种适于实际水样中全氟有机化合物检测分析的方法。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定水中8种双酚-二环氧甘油醚

建立了水中8种双酚-二环氧甘油醚（双酚A二缩水甘油醚（BADGE）及其衍生物双酚A（3-氯-2-羟丙基）甘油醚（BADGE·5HCl）、双酚A双（3-氯-2-羟丙基）醚（BADGE·52HCl）、双酚A（2,3-二羟丙基）甘油醚（BADGE·5H₂O）、双酚A双（2,3-二羟丙基）醚（BADGE·52H₂O）、双酚A（3-氯-2-羟丙基）（2,3-二羟丙基）醚（BADGE·5HCl·5H₂O）和双酚F-二环氧甘油醚（BFDGE）及其衍生物双酚F双（3-氯-2-羟丙基）醚（BFDGE·52HCl））的固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱（SPE-HPLC-MS/MS）测定方法。10个饮用水接触涂料样品在室温避光条件下,以超纯水浸泡（24±1）h,然后取200 mL经C₁₈固相萃取柱进行净化浓缩,以C₁₈色谱柱进行分离,以5 mmol/L醋酸铵、甲醇和水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱多反应监测（MRM）模式检测,外标法定量。结果表明,8种双酚-二环氧甘油醚在0.007~5.00 μg/L线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.9990,该方法对8种双酚-二环氧甘油醚的定量限为7~91 ng/L,回收率为79.1%~101%,RSD为4.0%~12%。该方法具有灵敏度高、选择性强的特点,能够满足水中双酚-二环氧甘油醚的快速检测和准确定量。     

Determination of inorganic arsenic(III) in ground water using hydride generation coupled to ICP-AES (HG-ICP-AES) under variable sodium boron hydride (NaBH4) concentrations

The determination of inorganic arsenic species in ground water matrices using hydride generation coupled online to ICP-AES (HG-ICP-AES) is suggested on the fact that the As(III)-species shows significantly higher signal intensities at low sodium boron hydride (NaBH₄) concentrations than the As(V)-species. The sodium boron hydride concentration used for the determination of As(III) without any considerable interferences of As(V) was at 13.2 mmol/L NaBH₄ (0.05 wt/v%), whereas the concentration for the total As determination was at 158.4 mmol/L NaBH₄ (0.6 wt/v%). The interferences of As(V) during the As(III) measurements were very small: at concentrations below 100 μg/L of total arsenic, the interferences of As(V) were smaller than 2%. An amount of As(III) higher than 10% of the total As amount could be determined exactly and reliably. The total amount of arsenic is measured after reducing the sample with 20 mmol/L L-cysteine (C₃H₇NO₂S). Finally, the amount of the As(V)-species is calculated by the difference between the As(III)-species and the total arsenic. Therefore, this analytical method requires the absence of organic arsenic species, but if they still appear, they could be frozen out with liquid nitrogen after the hydride generation system. The linearity of calibration reaches from 2 μg/L up to 1000 μg/L with a detection limit routinely of about 1 μg/L for each species. The advantages of this method in comparison to AAS measurements are the higher extent of the linear calibration range (3 orders of magnitude) and a higher sensitivity. Additional merits of the method developed are easy handling and high sampling rates.     

Detection of 13 mycotoxins in feed using modified QuEChERS with dispersive magnetic materials and UHPLC–MS/MS

An analytical method for the simultaneous determination of 13 mycotoxins in feed by magnetic dispersive solid‐phase extraction combined with ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry was developed. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile/water (80:20, v/v, containing 3% acetic acid), and separated by centrifugation after salting‐out, and then treated with magnetic adsorbents to remove interferences. The separation of target mycotoxins was performed on an ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column using a mobile phase consisting of 1 mmol/L ammonium acetate with 0.1% formic acid and methanol by gradient elution. Good linearities for the 13 mycotoxins were achieved with correlation coefficients over 0.99, and the recoveries of mycotoxins were in the range of 89.3–112.6% at spiking at levels of 5, 20, and 100 μg/kg, with relative standard deviations of 0.9–10.4%. Based on the functional magnetic materials (MDN@Fe₃O₄, PSA@Fe₃O₄, ZrO_2@Fe₃O₄) applied in dispersive solid‐phase extraction, the pretreatment process is more convenient and it is beneficial to reduce the experimental cost by reusing the recycled magnetic materials. It is a simple, rapid, and environmentally friendly analytical method for the determination of mycotoxins in feed.     

HPLC analysis of metal chelating agents in micronutrients

The separation and quantitative determination of organic chelating agents such as DTPA, EDDHA, EDDHMA, EDTA and HEDTA as their copper chelates using HPLC and UV detection is described. Analysis is performed on a Spherogel^TM TSK column. The eluent consists of methanol/water (50: 50, v/v) and 0.25 mmol/L Cu(NO₃)₂. The pH value, the composition of the eluent, the temperature, the sample concentration, the flow rate of the eluent and the influence of the detection wavelength were optimized. The linearity of the UV detector was in the range of 0.5 mmol/L to 2.5 mmol/L.     

离子色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱联用测定大气颗粒物PM2.5和PM10中的六价铬

建立了大气颗粒物PM_2.5、PM₁₀中六价铬（Cr（Ⅵ））的离子色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱（IC-ICP-MS）检测方法。采用碳酸氢钠（NaHCO₃）溶液超声提取大气颗粒物样品中的Cr（Ⅵ）,并使用含有0.22 g/L 乙二胺四乙酸二钠盐（Na₂EDTA）的75 mmol/L硝酸铵溶液（pH 7.0）淋洗液通过离子色谱柱（AG7,50 mm×4 mm）分离出样品中的Cr（Ⅵ）,电感耦合等离子体质谱测定。标准溶液中Cr（Ⅵ）的质量浓度在0.05~5 μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数达0.9999,标准溶液测定的精密度为1.0%~4.0%,标准样品测定的相对误差为3.3%;纤维素滤膜适用于Cr（Ⅵ）的采样,将纤维素滤膜碱化后,Cr（Ⅵ）的回收率从75%增加到102%;样品在20 mmol/L碳酸氢钠溶液中超声30 min后上机测试,提取完全且回收率稳定;当采样体积为20 m³,方法的检出限为0.0004 ng/m³;采集并测定了PM_2.5及PM₁₀实际样品,样品的加标回收率为91.6%~102%,精密度为1.7%~7.6%。该方法高效、稳定、灵敏,适用于大气颗粒物中六价铬的测定。     

碱熔-水蒸气蒸馏-离子色谱法测定锌精矿中的氟

建立了一种测定锌精矿中氟含量的分析方法。通过碱熔半熔融方法,除去锌精矿中大量硫对样品前处理的影响,利用水蒸气蒸馏的方法分离了被测元素氟与矿石中其它大量重金属离子。通过碱熔-水蒸气蒸馏后离子色谱测定,最大限度排除干扰,降低测定检出限。以碳酸钠(2.5mmol/L)和碳酸氢钠(3.5mmol/L)混合溶液作为淋洗液,SH-AC-1(200mm×4.6mm ID)阴离子分析柱分离,抑制电导检测器检测。线性范围内相关系数为0.999 6,加标回收率97%~102%,相对标准偏差小于4.0%,样品检出限0.0004%。有效拓展了锌精矿中氟含量的测定范围。     

Determination of trace silver in waste water by 9,10-dimethylacridinium fluorosulfonate-K2S2O8 chemiluminescence system

A new highly sensitive method for determination of trace silver in waste water with 9,10-dimethylacridinium fluorosulfonate (DAFA)-K₂S₂O₈ system was suggested. In the basic aqueous solution, trace of silver (I) showed strongly catalytic effect on the chemiluminescence system with the presence of 2,2′-bipyridine. The range of the linear relationship between light intensity and concentration of silver (I) is 1.0 × 10³ mol / L to 6.0 × 10³ mol / L. The detection limit is 8.0 × 10³ mol / L, and the RSD for 5.0 × 10³ mol / L Ag (I) is 6.5% (n=13). In the existence of potassium fluoride, the selectivity is higher. Combining the treatment with nitric acid, the method is applied to determine some environmental waste water and the results are similar to atomic absorption spectroscopy.     

Assessment of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the simultaneous extraction,preconcentration, and derivatization of Hg2+ and CH3Hg+ for further determination by GC–MS

This work reports the development of a dispersive liquid – liquid microextraction method for the simultaneous extraction, preconcentration, and derivatization of Hg²⁺ and CH₃Hg⁺ species from water samples for further determination by GC – MS. Some parameters of the proposed method, such as volume and type of disperser and extraction solvent, and Na[B(C₆H₅)₄] concentration were investigated using response surface methodology. Suitable recoveries were obtained using 80 μL C₂Cl₄ (as extraction solvent), 1000 μL ethanol (as disperser solvent), and 300 μL 2.1 mmol/L Na[B(C₆H₅)₄] (as derivatizing agent). Accuracy was evaluated in terms of recovery and ranged from 87 to 99% with RSD values <7%. In addition, a certified reference material of water (NIST 1641d) was analyzed and agreed with the certified value about 107% (for Hg²⁺), with RSD values <8.5%. LODs were 0.3 and 0.2 μg/L, with enrichment factors of 112 and 115 for Hg²⁺ and CH₃Hg⁺, respectively. The optimized method was applied for the determination of Hg²⁺ and CH₃Hg⁺ in tap, well, and lake water samples.     

Citric Acid Determination by Dual Wavelength Spectrophotometry

In this study, a dual wavelength spectrophotometric method was presented on the basis of Cu²⁺‐NH₃ complex decomposition by the citrate ion and the formation of Cu²⁺‐citrate complex. Sum of the absorbance decreasing at 600 nm (λ_max for Cu²⁺‐NH₃ complex) and the absorbance increasing at 750 nm (λ_max for Cu²⁺‐citrate complex) was used in quantification. This method is very selective, fast and inexpensive but relatively less sensitive. The calibration curve is linear in the range of 0.4–8 mmol/L with a detection limit of 0.13 mmol/L. The relative standard deviation (RSD%) for the six repeated determinations (2 mmol/L) is 1.75%. Interference studies of more than twenty common compounds, which are present in the studied samples, were carried out. Only oxalic and ascorbic acids are serious interferes and which interferences were eliminated by simple procedures. Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied in the determination of citric acid content in ORS powder and some fruit juices.