不规则区域热传导问题无网格Petrov-Galerkin方法的数值模拟

无网格Petrov-Galerkin(MLPG)方法是一种真正的无网格方法,它利用节点计算待求量的插值函数,并利用高斯型求积公式在局部子域内进行数值积分.本文提出了一种有效的用于不规则区域的高斯型数值积分实施方法,通过数值研究表明:该方法能很好地处理不规则区域积分,其计算结果与基准解和FLUENT的计算结果吻合很好.     

一种可压缩湍流RANS模拟的浸入边界方法

提出一种可压缩湍流RANS(Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes)模拟的浸入边界方法。该方法的解重构中,不再定义用于插值的参考点。利用其周围计算内点上已知的流动变量值,解域内紧靠壁面的网格节点上的流动变量通过距离倒数加权方法插值确定。为降低高雷诺数湍流模拟的近壁区域网格分辨率要求,采用一种显式壁面函数将无滑移边界条件转化为无穿透边界条件和当地剪切应力条件;该壁面函数无需迭代求解,提高了计算效率。RAE2822翼型亚、跨音速绕流的数值模拟验证了方法的可靠性。     

边界条件对对流扩散方程数值稳定性的影响

本文利用数值计算方法对采用均分网格的一维线性无源的对流－扩散方程在各种边界条件下的稳定性进行了分析,燕求出了不同边界条件下一维问题的中心差分和ＱＵＩＣＫ格式的临界网格Ｐｅｃｌｅｔ数。指出按现有方法得出的临界网格Ｐｅｃｌｅｔ数是判别差分格式对流数值稳定性的最苛刻的要求。对中心差分和ＱＵＩＣＫ格式,除两点边值问题以外的其它边界条件下的稳定性范围均不小于或远远大于两点边值问题的稳定性范围。通过计算还得出了格式的数值稳定性主要取决于计算区域下游侧的边界条件类型而与计算区域上游侧的边界条件类型无关的结论。     

位势问题改进的无网格局部Petrov-Galerkin法

将滑动Kriging插值法与无网格局部Petrov-Galerkin法相结合,采用Heaviside分段函数作为局部弱形式的权函数,提出改进的无网格局部Petrov-Galerkin法,进一步将这种无网格法应用于位势问题,并推导相应的离散方程.因为滑动Kriging插值法构造的形函数满足Kronecker函数性质,所以本文建立的改进的无网格局部Petrov-Galerkin法可以像有限元法一样直接施加边界条件;由于采用Heaviside分段函数作为局部弱形式的权函数,因此在计算刚度矩阵时只涉及边界积分,而没有区域积分.此外,还对本方法中一些重要参数的选取进行了研究.数值算例表明,本文建立的改进的无网格局部Petrov-Galerkin法具有数值实现简单、计算量小以及方便施加边界条件等优点.     

轴对称构件受力分析的插值粒子法

面对土木工程与机械工程中广泛存在的轴对称力学问题, 采用具有离散点插值特性的无网格方法形函数, 结合弹性力学空间轴对称问题的最小势能原理, 建立了轴对称构件力学分析的插值粒子法. 本文无网格法方法构造形函数不依赖网格, 也具有像有限元法一样可直接施加边界条件的优点. 本方法能直接获得全域连续应力场, 避免了有限元法应力后处理二次拟合带来的计算误差. 最后通过实例分析, 验证了所建立的无网格方法的有效性.     

三维不可压N-S方程的多重网格求解

应用全近似存储(Full Approximation Storage,FAS)多重网格法和人工压缩性方法求解了三维不可压Navi-er-Stokes方程.在解粗网格差分方程时,对Neumann边界条件采用增量形式进行更新,离散方程用对角化形式的近似隐式因子分解格式求解,其中空间无粘项分别用MUSCL格式和对称TVD格式进行离散.对90°弯曲的方截面管道流动和4:1椭球体层流绕流的数值模拟表明,多重网格的计算时间比单重网格节省一半以上,且无限制函数的MUSCL格式比TVD格式对流动结构有更好的分辨能力.     

稀疏网格条件下的水下航行体低频水动力噪声计算

利用结构有限元结合声学有限元方法以及无反射边界条件,构建了复杂结构受湍流边界层脉动压力激励的声振响应计算模型,通过引入网格虚拟细化实现非相关流激载荷的修正,解决了有限元模型网格尺寸与湍流边界层脉动压力空间相关性尺度的不兼容问题,在满足声振响应要求的稀疏网格条件下实现了航行体低频水动力噪声计算。以典型回转体模型为例,计算了其低频水动力辐射噪声,与循环水槽试验结果和离散子单元法计算结果进行了比较,三者趋势基本吻合,重合频段偏差小于3 dB。该方法兼顾了计算精度和计算效率,具有良好的适用性。     

BGK方法在非结构网格上的应用

采用旋转局部坐标的方法,发展了一种针对非结构网格的BGK计算方法.该方法属于有限体积法,大致分为两个步骤:①空间离散:②通量计算及时间推进.在第①步中,采用基于最小二乘法的高阶ENO格式来获得宏观物理量的高阶导数;在第②步中,采用旋转坐标轴的方法来计算非结构网格单元各边的通量.并得出了后台阶绕流(Backward Facing Step)及翼型绕流(Flow Over an Airfoil)两个算例的计算结果.     

方柱绕流大涡模拟

采用有限体/有限元混合格式、非结构网格和大涡模拟方法求解可压缩的N-S方程,对Re=22 000的方柱绕流进行数值模拟,并对不同的边界条件进行详细的分析比较.通过对以往研究经验的总结和利用精细的边界条件,使得采用二阶精度的数值格式和较稀疏的网格仍然得到了令人满意的计算结果,甚至优于以往采用密网格的模拟结果.     

带源参数的热传导反问题的无网格方法

利用无网格有限点法求带有源参数的一维热传导反问题，推导了相应的离散方程.与其他基于网格的方法相比，有限点法采用移动最小二乘法构造形函数，只需要节点信息，不需要划分网格，用配点法离散求解方程，可以直接施加边界条件，不需要在区域内部求积分，减小了计算量.用有限点法求解热传导反问题具有数值实现简单、计算量小、可以任意布置节点等优点.最后通过算例验证了该方法的有效性.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.