薄板结构的安定优化设计

本文通过对薄板的Ｂ样条函数插值及结构中残余应力场的温度参数模拟，研究了薄板安定分析的样条有限元列式，在分析结构安定分析的数学规划列式的基础上，解决了薄板结构在给定可变载荷作用下的安定最小厚度设计问题。由于温度参数的引用，使得研究的问题的自由度大幅度减少。算例表明本文所提出的方法及所编程序的可行和有效。     

薄板结构的安定优化设计

本文通过对薄板的Ｂ样条函数插值及结构中残余应力场的温度参数模型，研究了薄板安定分析的样条有限元列式，在分析结构安定分析的数学规划列式的基础上，解决了薄板结构在给定可变载荷作用下的安定最小厚度设计问题。由于温度参数的引用，使得研究的问题的自由度大幅度减少，算例表明本文所提出的方法及所编程序的可行和有效。     

含缺陷轴对称体的安定与极限分析

利用静力安全定理得到了计算轴对称体安定与极限载荷的统一格式，采用温度参数法构造安定分析所需的残余应力场，为了克服对工程实际问题进行安定分析时解题规模与计算精度的矛盾，针对轴对称体的特点，采用两种线性化方案对屈服面进行线性化处理，即直接内接法和在降维应力偏量空间中对屈服面的线性化处理，使安定分析转化为一线性规划问题，在简化过程中合理选择线性化方案以便使应力校核点接近精确的屈服面；为了减小计算量，在求     

初曲矩形薄板的非线性动力屈曲研究

对两参数冲击载荷面内压缩作用下初曲矩形薄板的非线性动力屈曲问题进行了理论研究。首先采用双重余弦函数的组合确定了面内冲击矩形薄板的艾雷应力函数和中面力的分布；其次根据伽辽金法求得了初曲矩形薄板非线性动力屈曲问题的控制方程，基于巴拿赫压缩映象原理，采用逐次逼近方法求解了该控制方程。最后，应用本文发展的理论，给出了面内两参数冲击载荷作用下初曲矩形薄板动力屈曲响应的计算实例，计算结果与已有的实验结果较吻合     

极限分析和安定分析的并行算法

本文基于结构极限分析和安定分析的温度参数法，研究了线性规划的并行算法，温度参数法求解的关键是线性规划的求解效率，在分布式布储的多处理机系统上，采用了线性规划的分块单纯形法。对相当于大量工况的结构，子结构是一个很好的并行结构分析方法。     

非线性函数参数的线性化率定方法

非线性函数参数率定基本上都是以误差平方和目标函数为信息依据的,其过程通常包括误差平方和目标函数构建和一阶函数求导为零得其参数优值解这两步操作.本文通过研究发现以上两步操作给非线性函数参数增加了不相关的局部极优值,提出了非线性函数参数的线性化率定方法.该方法对非线性函数以参数为自变量求导,再通过导函数差分线性化,并对线性化的参数用误差平方和目标函数进行率定,然后逐步迫近非线性函数参数的最优值.本文在理论上证明了该方法的收敛性,检验了此方法的合理性、优点和效果,解决了非线性函数参数以误差平方和为目标函数增加不相关的局部极优值的理论性问题,而且该方法的实用性和效果都比较好.     

三边简支一边自由混凝土矩形薄板的热弯曲

基于薄板的小挠度理论和叠加原理,考虑横向变温情况,将温度作用下的三边简支一边自由矩形薄板看作是面内温差作用下的四边简支矩形薄板和自由边上挠度作用下的三边简支一边自由矩形薄板的叠加,得到了温度作用下三边简支一边自由混凝土矩形薄板的挠度和弯矩解析解.首先通过在自由边界上试设具有待定参数的挠度函数,采用李维解法推导出三边简支一边自由矩形薄板在自由边界挠度作用下的挠度方程;其次利用横向变温作用下四边简支矩形薄板的求解得到待定参数;再采用叠加原理得出横向变温作用下三边简支一边自由矩形薄板的挠度和弯矩解析解;最后利用MATLAB编制程序得到了横向变温作用下三边简支一边自由矩形薄板的计算系数用表,为工程结构中三边简支一边自由混凝土矩形薄板在热环境下的设计计算提供了理论依据.     

R-函数理论及准Green函数方法在正交各向异性板振动问题中的应用

首次将R-函数理论及准Green函数方法应用于求解固支正交各向异性薄板的自由振动问题。首先引入参数变换,将正交各向异性薄板的自由振动微分方程转化为双调和算子的边值问题,并应用R-函数理论,以解析函数形式描述复杂边界形状;利用问题的基本解和边界方程构造了一个准Green函数,该函数满足了问题的齐次边界条件;通过R-函数理论构造适当的边界方程,消除了积分方程核的奇异性;再采用Green公式将其化为第二类Fredholm积分方程。数值算例表明:该方法减少了理论计算量,精度较高。本文还证明了其优越性和正确性,是一种新型的数学方法。     

开孔粘弹性薄板的非线性数学模型

应力函数的多值性和位移单值性要求，是开孔薄板大挠度问题中必须注意的两个方面。本文利用线粘性力学中的Ｂｏｌｔｚｍａｎｎ蠕变律，把开孔弹性薄板大挠度问题的一般数学理论推广到开孔弹性薄板。在考察应力函数的多值性和位移单值性条件的基础上，提出了开孔粘弹性薄板的控制方程和初、边值条件，系统地建立了开也粘弹性薄板非线性分析的三类初一边值问题。     

张拉结构非线性分析的五节点等参单元

本文针对张拉结构的特点，提出了一种五节点等参数单元有限元模型，采用四次多项式作为位移插值函数及单元初始形状函数，并假定索是理想柔性的且满足虎克定律，基于修正的Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｉａｎ坐标描述法，建立了非线性有限元基本方程和切线刚度矩阵，利用Ｎｅｗｔｏｎ－Ｒａｐｈｓｏｎ法进行了实例计算。结果表明：本文方法精度极高，可供大跨度索网，索穹顶，拉线塔等张拉结构分析，设计时采用。     

SIMPLE SHAKEDOWN OF STRUCTURES UNDER VARIABLE MULTI-LOADINGS

The shakedown analysis of structures under variable multi-loadings is considered, and the corresponding simple shakedown condition is presented in this paper. Distribution of fixed stresses field is given, and the self-equilibrium of fixed stresses field is analyzed. Elastic shakedown and plastic shakedown conditions are presented based on the fixed stresses field. The theorem is convenient to evaluate the shakedown limit of structures under cyclical variable multiloadings through solving positive scalar fields and fixed stresses field factors at a series of dangerous positions of the structure, and tedious computations are avoided. Finally the theorem is applied to a thick-walled cylindrical tube under variable pressure and temperature, and the rolling contact problem. The results are in good agreement with some computational results.     

ANALYSIS OF SHAKEDOWN OF FG BREE PLATE SUBJECTED TO COUPLED THERMAL-MECHANICAL LOADINGS

The static and kinematic shakedown of a functionally graded （FG） Bree plate is analyzed. The plate is subjected to coupled constant mechanical load and cyclically varying temperature. The material is assumed linearly elastic and nonlinear isotropic hardening with elastic modulus,yield strength and the thermal expansion coeffcient varying exponentially through the thickness of the plate. The boundaries between the shakedown area and the areas of elasticity,incremental collapse and reversed plasticity are determined,respectively. The shakedown of the counterpart made of homogeneous material with average material properties is also analyzed. The comparison between the results obtained in the two cases exhibits distinct qualitative and quantitative difference,indicating the importance of shakedown analysis for FG structures. Since FG structures are usually used in the cases where severe coupled cyclic thermal and mechanical loadings are applied,the approach developed and the results obtained are significant for the analysis and design of such kind of structures.     

不同应变强化模型下结构安定性的研究

变载作用下弹塑性结构的安定性研究是一个有实际意义的课题，而结构的安定性与材料的强化规律有很大关系。本文对几种典型的强化模型下的结构安定性进行了研究，给出了在随动强化和组合强化条件下结构实现安定的条件，所得结论简化了应变强化条件下结构的安定分析。     

三维结构安定分析的直接算法

基于线性随动强化理论和Von. Mises屈服准则,对蒙板结构直接安定分析法进行了扩展,建立了结构的三维安定直接分析法。根据投射原理,推导出结构发生塑性安定的存在条件,便于调整控制加载步长和载荷历程。采用逐次增量加载方式,确定出背应力的偏移范围,克服了原始直接分析法不能获得安定极限的缺陷,并得到安定极限条件下结构中残余应力与应变的分布状况。该数值方法将弹塑性问题分解为弹性问题和特征应变决定的残余问题,节约计算时间,提高计算效率,将该算法应用于相关算例,并与有关数值结果相比较,验证了该算法的有效性。     

On shakedown of three-dimensional elastoplastic strain-hardening structures

The present article considers the shakedown problem of structures made of either kinematic or mixed strain-hardening materials. Some basic and useful shakedown properties of elastoplastic strain-hardening structures are proved mathematically. It is impossible for a kinematic strain-hardening structure to be involved in incremental plastic collapse, and so its only possible failure mode is that of alternating plasticity. A time-independent self-equilibrium stress field has no influence on the shakedown of a kinematic strain-hardening structure although it contributes to the magnitude of plastic deformation. The sufficient shakedown conditions for either kinematic or mixed strain-hardening structures are deduced, from which the lower bound of shakedown load domain can be obtained via a mathematical programming problem. It should be pointed out that, to guarantee the safety of an elastoplastic strain-hardening structure, the damage analysis is also necessary to determine the maximum load factor the structure can bear. The shakedown analysis of strain-hardening structures can be simplified by the conclusions obtained in this article, as is illustrated by two simple examples.     

用摄动法分析准静态载荷下弹塑性结构的安定问题

本文借助于摄动法用分段线性加载面讨论了弹塑性结构在准静态载荷下的安定问题,给出了一个普遍适用的不等式,由此导出了广义的米兰(Melan,1938)安定准则以及位移与塑性变形的界,并举例进行了说明。     

应变强化模型的安定准则研究

基于Melan经典的安定理论和von Mises屈服准则,建立了塑性应变强化条件下结构安定的数学模型,根据与时间无关的应力场的特性,对结构中与时间无关的应力场进行了合理的数学变换,将其与载荷变化系数联系起来,推导出与其对应的结构安定极限范围的表达式,给出塑性应变强化模型安定性存在的简化条件.该结论有利于简化应变强化条件下结构的安定分析.     

Shakedown analysis of structures made of materials with temperature-dependent yield stress

In this work, the shakedown of structures made of materials with temperature-dependent yield stress is considered. Under some restrictions on the thermal loading condition the yield stress is linearized and shakedown theorems are established. Based on these linearized shakedown theorems, the shakedown limit is formulated as a problem of convex optimization. An algorithm is built to compute shakedown limits. Numerical tests show good agreement with analytic solutions and experimental data.     

Lower bound shakedown analysis by the symmetric Galerkin boundary element method

In this paper, the static shakedown theorem is reformulated making use of the symmetric Galerkin boundary element method (SGBEM) rather than of finite element method. Based on the classical Melan’s theorem, a numerical solution procedure is presented for shakedown analysis of structures made of elastic-perfectly plastic material. The self-equilibrium stress field is constructed by linear combination of several basis self-equilibrium stress fields with parameters to be determined. These basis self-equilibrium stress fields are expressed as elastic responses of the body to imposed permanent strains obtained through elastic–plastic incremental analysis. The lower bound of shakedown load is obtained via a non-linear mathematical programming problem solved by the Complex method. Numerical examples show that it is feasible and efficient to solve the problems of shakedown analysis by using the SGBEM.     

Shakedown analysis of shape memory alloy structures

Phase transformational shakedown of a structure refers to a status that plastic strains cease developing after a finite number of loading cycles, and subsequently the structure undergoes only elastic deformation and alternating phase transformations with limited magnitudes. Due to the intrinsic complexity in the constitutive relations of shape memory alloys (SMA), there is as yet a lack of effective methods for modeling the mechanical responses of SMA structures, especially when they develop both phase transformation and plastic deformation. This paper is devoted to present an algorithm for analyzing shakedown of SMA structures subjected to cyclic or varying loads within specified domains. Based on the phase transformation and plastic yield criteria of von Mises-type and their associated flow rules, a simplified three-dimensional phenomenological constitutive model is first formulated accounting for different regimes of elastic–plastic deformation and phase transformation. Different responses possible for SMA bodies exposed to varying loads are discussed. The classical Melan shakedown theorem is extended to determine a lower bound of loads for transformational shakedown of SMA bodies without necessity of a step-by-step analysis along the loading history. Finally, a simple example is given to illustrate the application of the present theory as well as some basic features of shakedown of SMA structures. It is interesting to find that phase transformation may either increase or decrease the load-bearing capacity of a structure, depending upon its constitutive relations, geometries and the loading mode.