轴流式水力机械转轮中局限空化流动的面元奇点解法

轴流式水力机械转轮中局限空化流动的面元奇点解法刘四清，常近时（北京农业工程大学水利与建筑工程系北京１０００８３）关键词：空化，水力机械，转轮。ＳＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＴＯＰＡＲＴＩＡＬＣＡＶＩＴＡＴＩＯＮＦＬＯＷＩＮＩＭＰＥＬＬＥＲＯＦＡＸＩＡＬ－ＦＬＯＷＨ...     

KrFH体系的势能函数与反应动力学研究(Ⅰ)基态KrFH的分析势能函数

使用ａｂｉｎｉｔｉｏ计算ＨＦ／ＬＡＮＬ２ＤＺ方法优化出了基态ＫｒＨＦ为Ｃ∞ｖ结构，而基态ＫｒＦＨ为Ｃｓ结构，同时，计算了平衡几何和离解能，并用ａｂｉｎｉｔｉｏ计算ＭＰ２／ＬＡＮＬ２ＤＺ方法计算了谐性力常数。应用多体项展式法导出了ＫｒＦＨ（Ｘ１Ａ′）体系的分析势能函数，研究了势能面上的主要特征     

PDHF方法应用于fp奇A核￣47Ti、￣47V、￣47Cr、￣49Cr的能谱研究

将近似的角动量投影形变Ｈａｒｔｒｅｅ－Ｆｏｃｋ（ＰＤＨＦ）方法用于ｆｐ壳层区的奇Ａ核：４７Ｔｉ、４７Ｖ、４７Ｃｒ、４９Ｃｒ，计算了它们的能谱，并与实验能谱作了比较，结果是令人满意的，同时，对涉及到的核谱特性结合粒子加转子模型进行了分析，发现这些核的能谱具有无排列极限能谱的特征     

PAN基活性炭纤维的表面及其孔隙结构解析

通过氮吸附等温线、Ｘ射线光电子能谱以及扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）对聚丙烯腈（ＰＡＮ－Ｐｏｌｙａｃｒｙｌｏｎｉｔｒｉｌｅ）－基活性炭纤维（ＡＣＦ－Ａｃｔｉｖａｔｅｄ Ｃａｒｂｏｎ Ｆｉｂｅｒ）的表面和孔隙结构进行了分析，结果表明吸附测量可以提供有关碳质吸附剂的孔结构复杂性；通过ＸＰＳ对ＰＡＮ基ＡＣＦ的表面官能团的种类及含量进行了表征，由ＳＥＭ对ＰＡＮ基ＡＣＦ的表面以及断面的孔隙结构进行直拉观察，提供了     

EFFECT OF RADIAL ELECTRICAL FIELD ON NEOCLASSICAL TRANSPORT IN TOKAMAKS

ＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＲＡＤＩＡＬＥＬＥＣＴＲＩＣＡＬＦＩＥＬＤＯＮＮＥＯＣＬＡＳＳＩＣＡＬＴＲＡＮＳＰＯＲＴＩＮＴＯＫＡＭＡＫＳＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＲＡＤＩＡＬＥＬＥＣＴＲＩＣＡＬＦＩＥＬＤＯＮＮＥＯＣＬＡＳＳＩＣＡＬＴＲＡＮＳＰＯＲＴＩＮＴＯＫＡＭＡＫＳ￥...     

DEUTERIUM INFLUX PROFILE ALONG THE APEX OF THE UPPER X-POINT TILES IN JET

ＤＥＵＴＥＲＩＵＭＩＮＦＬＵＸＰＲＯＦＩＬＥＡＬＯＮＧＴＨＥＡＰＥＸＯＦＴＨＥＵＰＰＥＲＸ－ＰＯＩＮＴＴＩＬＥＳＩＮＪＥＴ￥Ｙ．Ｋ．Ｚｈｕ（ＳｏｕｔｈｗｅｓｔｅｒｎＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＰｈｙｓｉｃｓ，Ｐ．Ｏ．Ｂｏｘ４３２，Ｃｈｅｎｇｄｕ６１００４１...     

Pb的类Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn离子(Pb~(52 )-Pb~(56 ))能级和跃迁的相对论计算

采用相对论多组态平均能级模型（ＧＲＡＳＰ２－ＡＬ），计算了Ｐｂ的类Ｆｅ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ离子（Ｐｂ５２＋－Ｐｂ５６＋）的精细结构能级、跃迁波长、自发辐射跃迁几率、受激辐射跃迁几率和振子强度。波长的计算结果与实验值和文献的计算结果进行了比较     

ELECTRON MOMENTUM SPECTRA OF EXCITED He(2~1S) AND He(2~3S)

ＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＮＭＯＭＥＮＴＵＭＳＰＥＣＴＲＡＯＦＥＸＣＩＴＥＤＨｅ（２１Ｓ）ＡＮＤＨｅ（２３Ｓ）ＣｈｅｎＺｈａｎｇｊｉｎＳｈｉＱｉｃｕｎＣｈｅｎＪｉＸｕＫｅｚｕｎＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭｏｄｅｒｎＰｈｙｓｉｃｓ，ＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＳｃｉｅｎ...     

自适应卡尔曼滤波分光光度法同时测定铜,锌,钴,镍

本文采用自适应卡尔曼滤波（ＡＫＦ）分光光度法，分析了以５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ为显色剂。ＯＰ为增溶剂的Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ混合体系，探讨了显色条件、滤波参数选择问题。合成试样解析结果表明：ＡＫＦ法能很好地消除由于这四个元素的络合物光谱严重重叠而致的相互干扰，获得准确的分析结果，同时因ＡＫＦ法可在一定程度上校正混合体系吸光度对加和性的偏离，故而计算结果优于普通卡尔曼滤波法（ＫＦ）。     

离心叶栅内气固两相流动的数值模拟

离心叶栅内气固两相流动的数值模拟蔡体菁，王文琪，郁斌（东南大学动力工程系南京２１００１８）关键词：离心叶栅，粒子轨迹，龙格－库塔方法。ＮＵＭＥＲＩＣＡＬＭＯＤＥＬＩＮＧＦＯＲＧＡＳ－ＳＯＬＩＤＳＦＬＯＷＳＴＨＲＯＵＧＨＡＣＥＮＴＲＩＦＵＧＡＬＣＡＳＣ...     

全景环形透镜二维平面成像展开算法研究

针对基于平面圆柱透视法PCF(Plat Cylinder Perspective)设计的全景环形透镜PAL(Panoramic Annular Lens)的环行像存在畸变失真的现象,对全景环形透镜PAL的二维平面环形像设计了展开算法,分别在切向和径向进行线性化处理.算法采用了线性插值,使展开后图像无盲区,同时建立在FCP成像原理上的转化,实现了对二维平面PAL像进行真实恢复,且效果良好.     

基于球面透视投影约束的全景环形透镜畸变校正

全景环形透镜将折反射面集成到一起,能无扫描地瞬时得到围绕光轴的360度超大视场,在机器人导航、视频监控和虚拟现实领域得到了广泛的应用.其成像机理是将围绕光轴的视场二次反射投影到环形平面上,图像存在严重的切向和径向畸变.本文根据全景环形透镜的特点采用基于球面透视投影模型对图像进行校正.首先建立含有畸变参量的全景环形透镜校正模型,将空间直线点映射为球面点,然后使用遗传算法将球面点拟合为球面上的最佳大圆,求出变形校正参量,进而校正全景环形像.仿真和真实图像实验表明,环形图像的切向和径向畸变得到了很好的校正.     

鱼胶原蛋白肽与表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯相互作用的研究

运用荧光光谱、红外光谱、圆二色谱和拉曼光谱等四种光谱手段,研究了鱼胶原蛋白肽(FCP)与表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)在水溶液中的相互作用。荧光结果表明：EGCG使FCP中的酪氨酸荧光强度减小,促进了二酪氨酸的形成;FCP与EGCG能够形成FCP-EGCG非共价复合物,同时,EGCG影响了FCP中酪氨酸的微环境。红外光谱分析表明：FCP具有胶原蛋白特征吸收带;EGCG的加入使3 281 cm-1处的吸收峰消失,3 076 cm-1处的吸收峰红移,表明EGCG影响了酰胺A带和酰胺B带;1 659和1 689 cm-1处的吸收峰蓝移,1 547 cm-1处的吸收峰红移以及1 248 cm-1处吸收峰的消失,表明FCP中酰胺Ⅰ带、酰胺Ⅱ带和酰胺Ⅲ带均受到EGCG的影响。圆二色谱分析表明：添加EGCG后,FCP 222 nm处的负峰消失,198 nm处的负峰依次红移至200和204 nm,说明EGCG影响了FCP的二级结构。拉曼光谱分析结果表明：EGCG的加入影响了FCP中酰胺Ⅰ带、酰胺Ⅱ带和酰胺Ⅲ带的吸收;同时,EGCG的添加使863和932 cm-1处的峰红移,前者峰强度降低,后者峰强度大幅增加,表明羟脯氨酸和脯氨酸均参与了与EGCG的结合,且EGCG浓度的增加使更多的脯氨酸暴漏。     

Fatigue crack propagation in PVC: Effects of molecular weight and specimen history

In this study, an earlier investigation of the effects of molecular weight on fatigue crack propagation, FCP, in PVC was extended and earlier tentative conclusions were verified using samples whose molecular weight distributions were relatively constant and narrow. In the range of M_w between 6 × 10⁴ and 2 × 10⁵, a strong effect of M on the FCP rate per cycle (da/dN) as a function of the range in the stress intensity factor (δ K) was observed. While the apparent fracture toughness increased moderately with M, FCP rates at constant δK decreased by three orders of magnitude over the range examined. This strong dependence, which followed the empirical relationship da/dN = A e^B/M δKⁿ, implies that cyclic disentanglement is more difficult the higher M. Preliminary observations were also made on the roles of sample orientation, mean stress and thermal history. It was found that the residual orientation that survived specimen fabrication had a slight but significant effect on FCP rates and the maximum values of δ K obtainable prior to fracture (δK _max). Thus the smaller the angle between the loading and orientation directions, the lower da/dN and the higher δK_max; the magnitude of the effect was greater, the lower the value of M. The mean stress also affected the FCP rate, sometimes positively and sometimes negatively, depending on the material. In contrast, little effect of prior thermal history of the FCP rate was noted. Just as an increase in temperature to above T _g is known to erase the effects of aging, so did cyclic loading, a t least in this case.     

Novel travelling wave structures: few-cycle-pulse solitons and soliton molecules

We discuss a fifth order KdV(FOKdV)equation via a novel travelling wave method by introducing a background term.Results show that the background term plays an essential role in finding new abundant travelling wave structures,such as the soliton induced by negative background,the periodic travelling wave excited by the positive background,the few-cycle-pulse(FCP)solitons with and without background,the soliton molecules excited by the background.The FCP solitons are first obuained for the FOKdV equation.     

Robust hollow devices and waveguides for Er:YAG laser radiation

Fluorocarbon-polymer (FCP) coated silver hollow stainless steel (St) devices and waveguides have been developed for Er:YAG laser radiation. Full liquid phase techniques have been adopted to coat the silver and FCP layers inside the stainless steel hollow structure. Both straight and bent robust hollow devices have been fabricated as the output optical elements for the delivery system of medical Er:YAG lasers. A robust hollow waveguide with the length of about 1.6 m has also been realized as an actual delivery system.     

Dynamics of molecular alignment steered by a few-cycle terahertz laser pulse

The field-free alignment of molecule ClCN is investigated by using a terahertz few-cycle pulse (THz FCP) based on the time-dependent density matrix theory. It is shown that a high degree of molecular alignment can be obtained by changing the matching number of the THz FCPs in the adiabatic regime and the non-adiabatic regime. The matching number can affect both the maximum value of the alignment and the time at which it is achieved. It is also found that a higher degree of alignment can be achieved by using the THz FCP at lower intensity and there exists an optimal threshold of molecular alignment with the increase of the field amplitude. Also found is the frequency sensitive region in which the degree of maximum alignment can be enhanced greatly by modulating the center frequencies of different THz FCPs. The investigation demonstrates that comparing with a THz single-cycle pulse, a better result of the field-free alignment can be created by a THz FCP at a constant rotational temperature of molecule.     

Characteristics of polyethylenes at low temperature studied by positron annihilation

The positron annihilation lifetime method (PAL) has been applied to study the characteristics of polyethylenes (PEs) at low temperatures between 273 and 100 K. It has been found that the intensity (I ₃) of the long-lived component of positronium (Ps) showed an increase in non-annealed PE and annealed PE in vacuo. However, PAL in PEs annealed in an atmosphere containing oxygen did not show such an increase. It has been indicated that the latter effect is due to formation of carbonyl groups through oxidation during the annealing.     

Dual-Site Lidar Observations and Satellite Data Analysis for Regional Cloud Characterization

Lidar data observed by two continuously operated portable automated lidar (PAL) systems and images from the visible and thermal infrared channels of the advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) sensor on board the noaa16 satellite are employed for the characterization of cloud heights and cloud types. The PAL systems are located in Chiba and Ichihara city areas, separated by approximately 10 km. Measurements from October 2003 to March 2005 reveal that monthly averages of cloud base height and cloud cover ratio show good agreement between the two sites. The characteristics of the vertical (Chiba) and slant (Ichihara) measurements are also discussed. The PAL data are used to adjust threshold values of a cloud-type classification method in split-window data of noaa16-AVHRR. Comparisons between the lidar signals and the cloud classification results from the concurrent AVHRR images show that the classification method can reasonably be applied to this mid-latitude case, although the split-window technique was originally developed for tropical clouds.     

Scale-up disaggregation of palygorskite crystal bundles via ultrasonic process for using as potential drilling fluid

High-efficient disaggregation of palygorskite (PAL) crystal aggregates into individual nanorods is the key to exploiting its nanometer properties, which remains a challenge at present. The sonochemical cavitation effects have been successfully employed for the intensification of physical and chemical processing applications, but it still lacks the relevant study on the scale-up disaggregation of PAL crystal bundles. Here, the energy-efficient, scale-up ultrasonic process was developed to disaggregate PAL aggregates in batches, and the effects of ultrasonic treatment time, temperature, and power on physicochemical features of PAL were systematically investigated. The results showed that the single dispersed PAL nanorods could be continuously produced by sonicating 15 wt% of PAL suspension at 20 kHz, 2000 W and 30 °C for 5 min retaining the original nanorod length and layered-chain structure. It also greatly improved the dispersion of nanorod crystal, specific surface area and suspension stability of PAL. The ultrasonically disaggregated PAL has a higher pulping rate in water (14.96 m³/t) and saturated NaCl system (14.45 m³/t), which is significantly better than that of natural PAL in water (14.72 m³/t) and saturated NaCl solution (12.37 m³/t). It suggests that the disaggregated PAL exhibits excellent potential and adaptability as a viscosity enhancer for drilling fluid. Therefore, this work provides a feasible and efficient ultrasonic process for large-scale industrialized disaggregation of PAL crystal bundles, laying a foundation for the high-value utilization of natural PAL as one-dimensional nanomaterials.