费米-狄拉克分布的实验验证

通过理论推导,用理想二级管外加磁场的方法,验证了真空中热电子发射的电子动能分布也符合费米－狄拉克分布。使量子统计学中的费米－狄拉克分布得到了推广,经过适当的数据处理,使复杂的微观量较容易地通过宏观量得以测量。     

局部Klein-Nishina分布抽样

局部Ｋｌｅｉｎ－Ｎｉｓｈｉｎａ分布是指，光子与物质发生非相干散射后对散射方向的抽样限定在局部范围内。近一年来，一种通过确定对探测器所张立体角计算探测器通量的方法被提了出来，并受到了普遍重视，局部Ｋｌｅｉｎ－Ｎｉｓｈｉｎａ分布抽样问题就是由此产生的。较全面地研究了局部Ｋｌｅｉｎ－Ｎｉｓｈｉｎａ分布抽样问题，给出了一些可行的抽样方法，并在计算机上进行了模拟抽样比较。     

费米-狄拉克分布的研究

通过理论分析,利用理想二极管外加磁场的方法,证明了真空中热电子发射的电子动能分布符合费米-狄拉克分布。结果表明,实验曲线与理论曲线基本一致,归一化程度为99．8％。     

Fermi—Dirac关联与Q~（－v）K_v（Q）分布

根据非微扰理论提出一种源分布─—Ｑ－ｖＫｖ（Ｑ）分布．由此计算两质子的Ｆｅｒｍｉ－Ｄｉｒａｃ关联．拟合的曲线与实验数据吻合得较好，这是Ｑ－ｖＫｖ（Ｑ）分布比Ｇａｕｓｓ源分布优越之处．由全同质子的Ｆ—Ｄ关联计算出发射源半径及Ｆｅｒｍｉ场的反常量纲．     

用金属电子逸出功测定仪做设计性扩展实验的实践

介绍利用金属电子逸出功测定仪研究轴向磁场对自由电子的磁控条件及测定电子比荷,研究真空二极管的伏安特性,研究金属中自由电子的费米－狄拉克能量分布状况等设计性扩展实验的内容和方法。     

HL—2A装置LHCD的运行区域与驱动电流分布控制

本文利用低杂波电流驱动（LHCD）的理论和实验结果,讨论了电流驱动效率和电流分布控制与等离子体参量及入射波谱的关系,强调了波传播在确定功率沉积分布区域中的作用,并讨论了控制电流密度分布的方法,探索在HL－2A装置上实现中心负磁剪切位形的可能性。     

HL—1M等离子体q（r）分布的初步测量

输运过程和各种不稳定性的物理机制的研究是受控热核聚变的重要课题之一。理论模型建立在假定这些过程与等离子体电流密度分布或q(r)分布相联系的基础上,然而这却是最难测量的等离子体参数之一。目前,有一些技术用于q(r)分布的测量,例如塞曼效应、法拉第旋转、非相干散射光的谱线调制、运动斯塔克效应以及磁化粒子的直接观察等。如果要运用这些技术获得更进一步的数据,就必须使用更加专门的诊断。要在HL－1M装置上进行这样的诊断目前还有一些困难。     

用MONTE CARLO方法计算托卡马克装置的中性氢原子密度分布

简要描述了计算托卡马克中性氢密度分布的Ｍｏｎｔｅ Ｃａｒｌｏ方法。 计算了ＨＴ－６Ｂ、ＨＴ－６Ｍ装置的中性氢原子密度分布,与实验结果进行了比较。     

电—声系统中的费密超导态

基于推广的电－声相互作用模型，考虑到电子的强关联作用，提出了电子算符的玻戈留玻夫近似，导出了声子在电子场中受到的有效作用；证明了波矢相反的纵声子通过交换虚电子能产生一个有效的吸引力，从而构成带有一个电子的声子对。在适当的声子数密度下，形成稳定的费密高温超导态。     

基于Wigner-Ville分布用超声回波测量随机介质的特征

生物组织微结构具有随机介质的特性,文中构建了生物组织超声散射的一维随机介质模型,提出用Ｗｉｇｎｅｒ－Ｖｉｌｌｅ分布函数方法估计该随机仙擀的空间分布特征,仿真和实验结果表明这一方法具有良好的空间分辨率,能较好地检测出随机介质微小散射元的个数和空间分布同时能精确地保估出散射元平均间距,研究结果表明该方法还具有良好的抗噪声性等优良特性。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.