涡旋混合辅助超声提取-高效液相色谱法同时测定水基胶中的苯系物和邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂

采用涡旋混合辅助超声提取样品的前处理方式,应用高效液相色谱法同时测定水基胶中的苯系物和5种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂.基于样品基质的属性,采用漩涡混合器混合样品,使样品均匀分散于萃取溶剂中,再使用超声萃取的方式提取目标物.研究了不同萃取溶剂、提取方式及其条件对目标物检测结果的影响.优选了色谱分析所用的流动相、检测波长、流量和进样量等条件.在优化条件下,5种苯系物和5种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的峰面积与其质量浓度呈线性关系,相关系数(R2)都大于0.997,回收率分别在91.9%~111.4%和88.3%~121.4%之间,相对标准偏差RSD分别在1.41%~2.80%和1.24%~2.94%之之间.检出限分别在0.3~0.6 mg/kg和0.2~0.3 mg/kg之间.研究表明方法简便、耗溶剂量少、准确,与现行标准方法具有较好的吻合性,适合于同时测定水基胶中的苯系物和5种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂.     

顶空/气相色谱法测定橡皮擦中挥发性苯及苯系物

建立了顶空/气相色谱测定橡皮擦中挥发性苯及苯系物的分析方法,通过优化样品前处理过程和色谱条件,将样品适当破碎后,顶空/气相色谱检测。结果表明,该方法节省溶剂、环境友好、快速、简便,线性关系、灵敏度和稳定性均良好。在0.05~5.00μg/g线性范围内,其线性系数均大于0.999,检出限为0.02~0.04μg/g,平均回收率为91.9%~98.9%,相对标准偏差均小于5%。市场监测分析显示,不同品牌不同品种橡皮擦产品中挥发性苯及苯系物含量差别迥异,市场总体较为安全,但加大对该类产品在该方面安全因素的监管势在必行。     

同位素稀释高分辨气相色谱-高分辨质谱法检测烟道气中的低氯代二恶英

建立了同位素稀释高分辨气相色谱-高分辨质谱检测烟道气中痕量低氯代二恶英的分析方法。采用索氏提取富集烟道气样品中的目标物,提取液经过复合硅胶柱和碱性氧化铝柱净化后,进行高分辨气相色谱-高分辨质谱检测。采用DB-5MS毛细管色谱柱（30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm）分离,以保留时间和同位素特征离子丰度比定性,以与同位素的峰面积比值定量。实验结果表明,方法的回收率为66.6%~112.5%,相对标准偏差（RSD）的范围为19.9%~40.5%（n=5）,方法的检出限（LOD）为0.027~0.485 μg/L。应用该方法检测了3个焚烧炉烟道气样品,回收率在85.7%~137.0%范围内,样品中目标物含量分布在11.4~9183 pg/Nm³之间。结果表明该方法适合用于烟道气中痕量低氯代二恶英的检测。     

气相色谱法快速测定橡皮擦中的甲醛北大核心CSCD

采用柱前衍生-气相色谱法测定橡皮擦中的甲醛。样品经粉碎,过0.180mm筛后,称取2.000 0g,用20mL水于70℃浸提20min,冷却后再超声提取30min,离心。10.0mL提取液中加入2,4-二硝基苯肼0.5mL,于70℃衍生反应15min,冷却后用5mL甲苯萃取2次,萃取液经DB-5色谱柱分离,采用电子捕获检测器对甲醛衍生物进行检测。甲醛的线性范围为0.105~10.5mg·L^(-1),检出限(3S/N)为0.01mg·L^(-1),加标回收率在88.6%~92.4%之间。测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为2.1%。应用该方法测得32种橡皮擦样品中的甲醛的质量比在0.135~48.5mg·kg^(-1)之间。     

气相色谱法快速测定橡皮擦中的甲醛

采用柱前衍生-气相色谱法测定橡皮擦中的甲醛。样品经粉碎,过0.180mm筛后,称取2.000 0g,用20mL水于70℃浸提20min,冷却后再超声提取30min,离心。10.0mL提取液中加入2,4-二硝基苯肼0.5mL,于70℃衍生反应15min,冷却后用5mL甲苯萃取2次,萃取液经DB-5色谱柱分离,采用电子捕获检测器对甲醛衍生物进行检测。甲醛的线性范围为0.105~10.5mg·L~(-1),检出限(3S/N)为0.01mg·L~(-1),加标回收率在88.6%~92.4%之间。测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为2.1%。应用该方法测得32种橡皮擦样品中的甲醛的质量比在0.135~48.5mg·kg~(-1)之间。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定饲料中镇静剂类和β-受体激素类药物残留

采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱技术,建立了饲料中8种镇静剂类和15种β-受体激素类药物残留的分析检测方法。样品采用乙腈-1%(体积分数)三氯乙酸水溶液(7∶3,v/v)提取,目标物通过阳离子固相萃取柱净化,经Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C_(18)色谱柱(100 mm×3.0 mm,1.8μm)分离,液相色谱-串联质谱进行检测,标准曲线内标法定量。结果表明:23种目标物在2.0~200.0μg/L内线性关系良好(r20.99)。在饲料样品基质中,目标化合物在5.0、10、50μg/kg 3个加标水平下的平均回收率为75.1%~102.4%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.3%~14.3%(n=6)。该方法净化效率高,适用范围广,可用于饲料中镇静剂类和β-受体激素类药物残留筛查和检测。     

气相色谱-串联质谱法测定食品模拟物中5种苯并三唑类紫外线稳定剂

建立了同时测定食品模拟物中5种苯并三唑类紫外线稳定剂残留量的气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)方法。水系模拟物采用乙腈萃取目标物;橄榄油模拟物采用凝胶色谱系统净化。样品试液经气相色谱分离后,采用三重四级杆质谱的多反应监测模式(MRM)进行测定,外标法定量。5种紫外线稳定剂的线性相关系数均大于0.997。不同添加浓度水平的平均回收率为71.7%~108.7%;相对标准偏差为2.4%~11.2%。     

气相色谱-串联质谱法测定得克隆及其相关化台物在土壤样品中的含量

建立了得克隆(DP)及其脱氯产物和结构类似物等共11种化合物的气相色谱-串联质谱联用分析方法,并用于环境土壤中目标物的分析和污染特征研究.土壤样品抽提液经多段硅胶-氧化铝柱净化后,采用如下仪器条件分析:电子轰击电离源;选择反应离子对监测模式;DB-5HT毛细管柱(15 m×0.25 mm i.d.,0.1μm);进样口温度260℃,传输线温度280℃,离子源温度250℃;无分流进样1μL,载气为氦气(1.5 mL/min).实验结果表明,测定DP及其相关化合物的标准曲线线性范围为4~5个数量级,线性相关系数在0.9977~0.9999之间,仪器检出限在0.005~0.100 pg之间,方法检出限为0.25~5.00 fg/g,50 pg/μL标准样品平行5次进样的相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.1%~19.8%.对某典型污染区及其周边地区土壤进行分析,其中DP及相关化合物的总浓度在0.275~681 ng/g dw之间,检出率100%;单个目标物浓度在n.d.~537 ng/g dw之间,其中anti-DP和syn-DP为优势污染物,样品及质控样品中两种回收率指示物的加标回收率分别为55.0%~103.0%和83.4%~107.0%,空白/基质加标样品中目标物的平均回收率和RSD分别为53.9%~117.0%和6.0%~19.1%.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定食品接触材料中间苯二酚-o,o’-二乙酸、2-羟基-6-萘甲酸、间苯二甲酸二甲酯-5-磺酸钠的特定迁移量

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)法同时测定食品模拟物(10%乙醇、3%乙酸、20%乙醇、50%乙醇和橄榄油)中间苯二酚-o,o’-二乙酸、2-羟基-6-萘甲酸、间苯二甲酸二甲酯-5-磺酸钠的特定迁移量(SM)。水基食品模拟物样品经亲水性聚四氟乙烯针式过滤器过滤后进样;橄榄油食品模拟物样品用0.1%乙酸铵溶液震荡提取12 min后,静置15 min,下清液用亲水性聚四氟乙烯针式过滤器过滤后进样。用C8柱梯度洗脱分离;Qtrap4500质谱在电喷雾离子源负离子及多反应监测(M RM)模式下进行检测。方法在5种食品模拟物中的定量限为0.3~1.2μg/kg;水基食品模拟物在10~200μg/L、橄榄油食品模拟物在10~200μg/kg范围内线性关系良好(r0.99904);加标回收率为86.0%~116%,相对标准偏差为0.5%~7.2%。方法满足欧盟(EU)NO 10/2011法规附表1中间苯二酚-o,o’-二乙酸、2-羟基-6-萘甲酸、间苯二甲酸二甲酯-5-磺酸钠的SM限量要求。方法已应用于实际样品的检测。     

顶空-气相色谱-质谱法同时测定土壤中6种有机胺的含量北大核心CSCD

提出了顶空-气相色谱-质谱法测定土壤中甲胺、乙胺、二甲胺、二乙胺、三甲胺、三乙胺等6种有机胺含量的方法。土壤样品在顶空瓶中经盐酸溶液提取,加入一定量的氢氧化钠溶液、氨水,然后在顶空进样器中于80℃平衡30 min,使气液两相达到动态平衡。采用CP-Volamine色谱柱对目标物进行分离,质谱仪检测,外标法定量。结果显示:6种有机胺的质量浓度在一定范围内与其对应峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3.143s)为0.00033~0.18 mg·kg^(-1);混合标准溶液中6种有机胺测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为2.3%~4.7%;对空白样品进行3个浓度水平的加标回收试验,回收率为80.0%~108%;方法用于5种不同类型实际土壤样品分析,两种土壤样品中检出三乙胺,检出量为11.3,391 mg·kg^(-1)。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.