基于时间透镜原理实现微波信号时间反演

时间反演电磁学是一门新兴学科. 高效的电磁时间反演信号获取方式是时间反演技术获得应用的关键. 本文研究了一种基于时域成像原理获得时间反演微波信号的方法. 首先根据时间透镜原理, 推导出了实现波形时间反演的条件, 并对波形反演的过程进行了数值仿真. 然后设计了两种满足反演条件的啁啾电磁带隙结构来构造色散信道, 并通过实验得到了一个时隙长度为1.5 ns的时间反演信号. 由于啁啾电磁带隙结构与理想色散信道的差异, 实验结果中存在波形失真. 文章最后对造成失真的原因进行了分析.     

时间积分声光相关器相关峰的提取

对时间积分声光相关器的原理进行了理论分析，通过实验得到了叠加在包络上的相关峰波形，为了对其进行修正，引入了后处理电路，最后得到了比较理想的相关峰波形。     

离子束抛光工艺中驻留时间的综合算法

 在离子束抛光工艺中,驻留时间的求解是很关键的。通常求解驻留时间的时候,是用理想的高斯函数来近似实际的加工函数。如果使用实际的加工函数仿真加工,加工的效果不好。运用系数法和消去法的综合算法来提高采用实际加工函数仿真加工镜面面型的精度,首先多次用系数法得到比较理想且平滑的镜面面型,然后再用消去法精修面型。这种算法运算速度快,得到的面型精度高且较平滑。对这种综合算法进行仿真分析,比较了理想高斯函数与实际加工函数加工后的差别,同时比较了运用消去算法与综合算法得到的镜面面型,PV值由83.63 nm减小到46.92 nm,镜面精度提高了很多。     

基于空频时间反演的空间功率合成技术

采用天线组阵辐射的方式实现空间功率合成,是获取高功率微波的有效途径。利用奇异值分解空频矩阵获取时间反演后向传输信号,天线阵列再次发射这些信号,能完成目标探测,同时在目标位置处实现空间功率合成。基于相同的峰值发射功率,频率提高后的空频时间反演方法合成功率达到了理想合成功率的87.39%;而TD-DORT方法仅为理想合成功率的19.55%。频率提高后的空频时间反演方法具有功率合成方面的高效性,探测目标的同时在目标位置处合成高功率微波,为空间功率合成提供了一种新的方法与途径。     

增大基于电光相位调制的时间透镜孔径的参数调制法

提出了一种用于增大基于电光相位调制时间透镜孔径的参数调制法,理论推导出该方法的实现原理,并结合时间透镜在光脉冲压缩中的应用,研究了调制参数Q对时间孔径和脉冲压缩效果的影响。结果表明,对于文中调制频率为20GHz,理想压缩系数为5的时间成像系统,采用这种方法可将仅占调制周期15.6%的时间孔径提高到50%以上,并将脉冲压缩系数由3.11提升到4.46。同时,通过选取相反的输入和输出段色散,还可有效降低时间系统的调制电压。研究结果表明,该参数调制法只需对时间透镜本身参数做调整,无需引入新器件,便可有效地增大时间透镜的孔径,提高脉冲压缩系数,使其更接近理想值。该研究成果为电光相位调制时间透镜系统的性能提升提供了一种简洁而有效的手段。     

基于非线性时间序列分析经验模态分解和小波分解异同性的研究

基于经验模态分解(EMD）的希尔伯特变换（HT），是对非线性时间序列基于EMD进行分解， 然后通过HT获得频谱.利用理想时间序列和青藏高原古里雅冰芯¹⁸O时 间序列 ，系统地分析比较了EMD和小波分解(WD）以及HT和小波变换在非线性时间序列处理中的优劣 ，并针对它们各自的缺点提出了可能改进的设想.研究结果表明，将基于EMD的方法和基于WD 的方法有机结合起来应用，可以更有效地识别原时间序列的特征信息. 关键词： 经验模态分解 小波分解 理想时间序列 古里雅冰芯     

静电聚焦同心球系统验证电子光学成像系统的时间像差理论

关于动态电子光学成像系统的时间像差理论,计算时间像差系数有两种方法——τ变分法和直接积分法.它们的差别在于：τ变分法计算二级几何时间像差系数必须求解微分方程,而直接积分法仅需进行积分运算.采用静电同心球系统的理想模型对这两种方法的正确 性进行了检验.结果表明：这两种方法求解电子光学成像系统的时间像差系数的结果完全一致,所求得的时间色差系数与理想模型的解析解完全相同,从而证明两种方法是等价并且正确的.通过验证表明,直接积分法的计算更为简便,适于实际系统的计算与设计. 关键词： 阴极透镜 电子光学成像系统 动态电子光学 时间像差理论     

基于反演场扩散消除的时间反演多目标成像技术

基于时间反演腔理论,分析了时间反演场存在的聚焦扩散现象.通过对该现象的分析,提出了利用Clean算法进行单频时间反演场扩散消除,进而实现时间反演多目标成像的技术.全波仿真结果表明,该技术能够消除时间反演场扩散的影响,利用单一频率信号实现多目标的成像.最后,分析了时间反演镜的选取对时间反演场的影响,并在此基础上,提出了非理想情况下相应的时间反演镜信号均衡算法,为时间反演多目标成像技术的实际应用提供了有效的支撑.     

固相时间分辨荧光免疫分析仪数据采集系统设计

荧光寿命和时间分辨荧光光谱在时间分辨荧光免疫分析中具有十分重要的地位。本文设计了一款基于CPLD的实时、高速数据采集系统,该系统实现几百纳秒到十几个毫秒范围的荧光测量。使用VHDL硬件描述语言设计CPLD内部的逻辑电路,内部共设置了13种采样频率,测量过程中,可多次选择不同的采样频率,直到得出最理想的结果。采样个数在1-8192范围内任意设置。采样时间及延迟时间可根据需要在1-65535微妙范围内调节,分辨率为1微妙。测量结果表明,该系统满足荧光寿命和时间分辨荧光光谱测量的要求。     

不同换热时间对旋转式磁制冷性能影响

为分析不同换热时间对旋转式室温磁制冷系统制冷性能的影响,设计了一套以Gd颗粒钆(粒径：0.3-0.5 mm)为磁工质的双永磁旋转式室温磁制冷系统。通过对该系统制冷性能的试验研究,绘制出了不同工况下系统冷端温度的变化曲线,计算出其理想COP和实际COP。试验得出：在换热时间为2 s时冷端保温箱与环境温差最大为10℃,系统制冷系数最高,性能最好。     

Investigation of Scale Exponents of Complete and Incomplete Aggregation-Annihilation Processes

The complete and incomplete aggregation-annihilation processes are investigated with the method of generating function, and the scale exponents are obtained exactly. We find that the scale exponents of incomplete aggregation-annihilation process are different from the previous exponents obtained by different methods. The time dependence of the total number of clusters and the total mass of clusters are analytically obtained.     

Investigation of Scale Exponents of Complete and Incomplete Aggregation-Annihilation Processes

The complete and incomplete aggregation-annihilation processes are investigated with the method of generating function, and the scale exponents are obtained exactly. We find that the scale exponents of incomplete aggregation-annihilation process are different from the previous exponents obtained by different methods. The time dependence of the total number of clusters and the total mass of clusters are analytically obtained.     

A Proof of Factorization Theorem of Drell–Yan Process at Operator Level

An alternative proof of factorization theorem for Drell–Yan process that works at operator level is presented in this paper. Contributions of interactions after the hard collision for such inclusive processes are proved to be canceled at operator level according to the unitarity of time evolution operator. After this cancellation, there are no longer leading pinch singular surface in Glauber region in the time evolution of electromagnetic currents. Effects of soft gluons are absorbed into Wilson lines of scalar-polarized gluons. Cancelation of soft gluons is attribute to unitarity of time evolution operator and such Wilson lines.     

工艺参数对PC制品光学性能的影响

用透光率/雾度测试仪测量了模具温度、熔体温度、注射压力、注射时间、保压压力、保压时间、冷却时间等工艺参数对透光率和雾度的影响。研究表明:工艺参数的变化对透光率的影响很小;模具温度、熔体温度、注射压力的升高都会导致产品光学性能的下降;保压压力和冷却时间均应取合适的值,才能获得最优的光学性能。     

Testing Jump-Diffusion in Epileptic Brain Dynamics: Impact of Daily Rhythms

Stochastic approaches to complex dynamical systems have recently provided broader insights into spatial-temporal aspects of epileptic brain dynamics. Stochastic qualifiers based on higher-order Kramers-Moyal coefficients derived directly from time series data indicate improved differentiability between physiological and pathophysiological brain dynamics. It remains unclear, however, to what extent stochastic qualifiers of brain dynamics are affected by other endogenous and/or exogenous influencing factors. Addressing this issue, we investigate multi-day, multi-channel electroencephalographic recordings from a subject with epilepsy. We apply a recently proposed criterion to differentiate between Langevin-type and jump-diffusion processes and observe the type of process most qualified to describe brain dynamics to change with time. Stochastic qualifiers of brain dynamics are strongly affected by endogenous and exogenous rhythms acting on various time scales—ranging from hours to days. Such influences would need to be taken into account when constructing evolution equations for the epileptic brain or other complex dynamical systems subject to external forcings.     

Etched glass surfaces,atomic force microscopy and stochastic analysis

The effect of etching time scale of glass surface on its statistical properties has been studied using atomic force microscopy technique. We have characterized the complexity of the height fluctuation of an etched surface by the stochastic parameters such as intermittency exponents, roughness, roughness exponents, drift and diffusion coefficients and found their widths in terms of the etching time.     

Dynamics of a Tagged Particle in the Asymmetric Exclusion Process with the Step Initial Condition

The one-dimensional totally asymmetric simple exclusion process (TASEP) is considered. We study the time evolution property of a tagged particle in the TASEP with the step initial condition. Calculated is the multi-time joint distribution function of its position. Using the relation of the dynamics of the TASEP to the Schur process, we show that the function is represented as the Fredholm determinant. We also study the scaling limit. The universality of the largest eigenvalue in the random matrix theory is realized in the limit. When the hopping rates of all particles are the same, it is found that the joint distribution function converges to that of the Airy process after the time at which the particle begins to move. On the other hand, when there are several particles with small hopping rate in front of a tagged particle, the limiting process changes at a certain time from the Airy process to the process of the largest eigenvalue in the Hermitian multi-matrix model with external sources.     

基于支持向量机方法对非平稳时间序列的预测

目前有关非平稳复杂系统及其在预测中的应用研究是一个较少被人理解并有重大科学意义的前瞻性研究课题.在大气运动中,气候正是一个典型的非平稳系统,但是现有的气候预测理论,包括统计预测理论和非线性预测理论,几乎都无一例外地建立在平稳性假定的基础之上,这有悖于气候过程的基本性质,它有可能是导致气候预测水平低下的重要的理论原因.因此以分析如何降低时间序列非平稳程度作为切入点来研究短期气候预测问题有着重要的理论意义.利用基于“升维”思想的支持向量机方法对时变控制参数条件下Lorenz系统产生的非平稳时间序列以及来自实际 关键词： 支持向量机 非平稳过程 预测     

基于支持向量机方法对非平稳时间序列的预测

目前有关非平稳复杂系统及其在预测中的应用研究是一个较少被人理解并有重大科学意义的前瞻性研究课题.在大气运动中,气候正是一个典型的非平稳系统,但是现有的气候预测理论,包括统计预测理论和非线性预测理论,几乎都无一例外地建立在平稳性假定的基础之上,这有悖于气候过程的基本性质,它有可能是导致气候预测水平低下的重要的理论原因.因此以分析如何降低时间序列非平稳程度作为切入点来研究短期气候预测问题有着重要的理论意义.利用基于“升维”思想的支持向量机方法对时变控制参数条件下Lorenz系统产生的非平稳时间序列以及来自实际     

Time-dependent Benioff strain release diagrams

New time-dependent Benioff strain (TDBS) release diagrams were analyzed for acoustic emission during various loading tests and for electromagnetic (EM) radiation emanating during compression and, tension, which end in failure. TDBS diagrams are Benioff diagrams that are built consecutively, each time using a greater number of events (acoustic or EM emissions) using the last event as if it were associated with the ‘actual failure’. An examination of such TDBS diagrams shows that at a certain time point (this time point is denoted by the term ‘alarm’ time), a comparatively short interval prior to actual collapse, their decreasing part is broken by a positive ‘bulge’. This ‘bulge’ is quantified and an algorithm proposed for its assessment. Using the alarm time and other parameters of the failure process (fall, bulge size and escalation factors, bulge slope and slope fall time), a criterion for estimating the time of the actual collapse is developed and shown to agree well with laboratory experimental results.