CaO-MgO-Al2O3-Fe2O3-B2O3-SiO2系微晶釉的制备

通过引入B2O3以降低烧成温度,利用赤泥中的Fe2O3为着色剂,在1150℃左右低温烧成制备了CaO-MgO-Al2O3-Fe2O3-B2O3-SiO2系微晶釉.赤泥的加入量为20;左右时,釉面具有良好的装饰效果和显微硬度.利用XRD、SEM研究了釉的物相及显微组织.结果表明,釉中析出的微晶是普通辉石,微晶的含量随MgO及CaO的含量增加而增加,而提高Al2O3含量则抑制微晶的析出.     

Yb2O3-Y2O3-Gd2O3-ZrO2热障涂层制备及性能研究

以Yb2O3、Y2O3 、Gd2O3稀土氧化物粉末和ZrOCl2·8H2O粉末为原料,采用化学共沉淀法制备了Yb2O3-Y2O3-Gd2O3-ZrO2 (YYGZO)热喷涂用粉末,采用大气等离子喷涂技术制备了YYGZO涂层,利用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)研究了YYGZO粉末及涂层的微观组织形貌、相结构.结果表明,制备的热喷涂YYGZO粉末大部分呈规则实心球体状,且球形度良好,颗粒粒径均匀,大部分颗粒粒径分布为30～60μm,流动性能较好,满足大气等离子喷涂的要求.YYGZO涂层具有较好的高温相结构稳定性.所制备YYGZO热障涂层组织结构比较致密,涂层各个界面结合紧密,孔隙率约为9.23;,结合强度为35.2 MPa.     

KBe2BO3F2和RbBe2BO3F2晶体中的孪晶缺陷

通过化学腐蚀和偏光显微镜,对KBe2BO3F2(KBBF)和RbBe2BO3F2 (RBBF)晶体中存在的一种条状孪晶缺陷进行了研究,观察了孪晶习性,探讨了其孪晶律,并结合晶体生长情况对该孪晶的形成原因进行了分析.     

ZnO/B2O3对R2O-RO-B2O3-Al2O3-SiO2系统低温分相釉乳浊效果的影响

以K2O-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系统为基础,通过添加氧化锌和硼酸钙,制备出了1120℃烧成的高白度无锆低硼低温分相乳浊釉,并借助TEM、XRD、FTIR和白度仪等测试手段研究了ZnO/B2 O3对乳浊釉分相结构和白度的影响,探讨了其乳浊机理.结果表明:随着ZnO/B2 O3的增大,釉面白度呈先增后降趋势,当ZnO/B2 O3为4.04时达最大值为80.5;.随着ZnO/B2 O3的增大,分相粒子尺寸逐渐减小,数量逐渐增多.ZnO/B2 O3过高,分相粒子尺寸太小,远小于可见光波长,不利于乳浊度的提高.     

TiO2烧结助剂对纳米η-Al2 O3制备Al2 O3-Cr2 O3固溶体的影响研究

以纳米η-Al₂O₃粉和工业铬绿为原料,以摩尔比1:1配比制备Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃固溶体,以TiO₂为烧结助剂,在还原气氛下经1400 ℃、1500 ℃和1600 ℃固相烧结.研究了TiO₂的加入对纳米η-Al₂O₃制备Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃固溶体的致密度、线收缩率、相组成、晶胞参数、互扩散程度和微观结构的影响.结果表明:TiO₂的加入能促进Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃固溶体的致密化;当温度为1600 ℃,TiO₂的添加量为2wt;时,试样的体积密度最大为4.57 g·cm^-3,线收缩率为19.8;;TiO₂的加入能使Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃固溶体中Al³⁺和Cr³⁺的互扩散程度增加;微观结构表明,TiO₂的加入能使Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃固溶体晶粒之间结合更紧密,实验温度范围内,随着TiO₂添加量的增加晶粒从沿晶断裂向穿晶断裂转变,只在晶间和晶内存在极少量气孔,当温度为1600 ℃,TiO₂的添加量为2wt;时,晶粒大小较均匀,平均晶粒尺寸约10μm.     

R2O-RO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3-P2O5系分相釉的研究

针对铁红分相釉的配方特点,采用L8(4 ×24)正交实验研究了钠长石、牛骨灰、滑石、方解石、石英加入量对R2O-RO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3-P2O5系统分相釉釉面效果的影响,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱分析(EDS)对釉层的微观结构进行了表征.研究发现:牛骨灰对釉面是否出现“柿红”效果影响最显著,而方解石影响最不明显.Si/P摩尔比对铁红色釉面的产生起关键作用,当Si/P摩尔比小于2O,出现铁红釉面效果的概率极高.随着滑石加入量从9份变化到18份,出现铁红色釉面的趋势反而降低.经SEM和EDS分析发现,“柿红色”、“酒红色”釉面效果的产生很大程度上是由于釉层液液分相促进Fe2O3富集或偏析造成,且特别容易在高钠、低镁、低铝处聚集,最终连成雪花状结晶.     

Crystal structure of NH3(CH2)2NH3BiCl5·2H2O

The ethylenediammonium pentachlorobismuthate(III) dihydrate salt is monoclinic with the following unit cell dimensions: a = 10.902(8)Å, b = 7.926(6)Å, c = 15.199(6)Å, = 96.40(1)°, space group P2₁/n with Z = 4. The structure shows a layer arrangement parallel to the axis: planes of the [Bi₂Cl₁₀]^4– bioctahedra alternate with planes of [NH₃(CH₂)₂NH₃]²⁺ dications. The [Bi₂Cl₁₀]^4– bioctahedra are connected through O(W)–H··· Cl hydrogen bonds, so that infinite unidimensional chains of composition [Bi₂Cl₁₀(H₂O)₂] _n ^4n– are formed in the structure parallel to the axis. These chains are themselves interconnected by means of the N–H···Cl bonds originating from the [NH₃(CH₂)₂NH₃]²⁺ entities, forming a three-dimensional network.     

Na3La2(BO3)3的晶体结构

以Na2CO3-H3BO3-NaF为助熔剂,使用顶部籽晶法生长出Na3La2(BO3)3透明单晶.测定了Na3La2(BO3)3的晶体结构,该晶体属正交晶系,空间群:mm2(No.38),晶胞参数为a＝0.51580(10)nm,b=1.1350(2)nm,c=0.73230(15)nm,α＝β＝γ＝90°,V＝0.42871(15)nm3,密度:.053g/cm3.晶体结构中的硼氧基团是平面的BO3基团,BO3基团相互独立,且与Na(1)O6、Na(2)O8、Na(3)O6和La(1)O9配位多面体连结形成三维网络骨架结构.讨论了Na3La2(BO3)3的晶体结构与倍频效应的关系.     

Luminescence and energy transfer in Dy3+/Tb3+ co-doped CaO–Al2O3–B2O3–RE2O3 glass

The new calcium aluminoborate glasses with the composition of CaO–Al₂O₃–B₂O₃–RE₂O₃ (RE = Dy and Tb) were synthesized and the luminescence of Dy³⁺ and Tb³⁺ was investigated. The results show that the emission intensity of Tb³⁺ ion was enhanced when introducing Dy³⁺ ion into CaO–Al₂O₃–B₂O₃–Tb₂O₃ glass due to the energy transfer processes between Dy³⁺ and Tb³⁺. The energy transfer efficiencies, transfer probabilities as well as donor–acceptor critical distances were also calculated. The energy transfer mechanism between Dy³⁺ and Tb³⁺ ions is electric dipole–dipole interaction, which can be concluded by both fluorescence decay and emission intensity ratio varieties.     

Fe2O3-CO3O4共掺杂MgO-Al2O3-SiO2体系的红外辐射性能研究

采用固相反应法制备Fe2O3-Co3O4共掺杂MgO-Al2O3-SiO2体系的复合陶瓷材料,并通过XRD、SEM、XPS以及红外辐射测试等方法研究了样品的结晶行为与红外辐射性能.结果表明:Fe2 O3和Co3 O4共掺杂MgO-Al2 O3-SiO2体系后离子分布改变并生成混合尖晶石,从而引起品格畸变,从而有效提高材料的红外辐射性能.材料的红外发射率与其晶格畸变程度具有相同的变化趋势,并随Fe2 O3与Co3O4质量之比(R)的增加呈非线性变化.当R=3∶2时,材料在8 ～ 14 μm波段的辐射率可达0.92.     

TiO2掺杂ZnO-Bi2O3-Co2O3-MnCO3系低压压敏陶瓷的微结构和电性能研究

采用固相反应法制备了TiO2掺杂的ZnO-Bi2O3-Co2O3-MnCO3系低压压敏陶瓷.采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、压敏电阻直流参数仪、阻抗分析仪等研究了掺杂量对陶瓷的微结构、压敏性能和阻抗等影响.结果表明:掺杂1.0mol;TiO2时综合电性能最好,压敏电压梯度为21.6 V/ mm,漏电流密度为0.02 μA/ mm2,非线性系数为33;掺杂最大于1.0 mol;时,压敏电压梯度降低的同时也使非线性系数降低,漏电流密度增大;Cole-Cole形式的复阻抗谱图表明掺杂1.0 mol;TiO2的晶界电阻最大,晶界电阻对ZnO-Bi2O3-Co2O3-MnCO3-TiO2系低压压敏陶瓷电阻的贡献最为明显.     

Nd3+∶ZnO-B2O3-Al2O3-SiO2系透明玻璃陶瓷的制备及表征

制备了Nd3+∶ZnO-B2O3-Al2O3-SiO2系透明玻璃陶瓷.运用差热分析(DTA)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、NV-Vis-Nir(紫外可见近红外分光光度计)、傅里叶变换荧光光谱等测试方法,研究了晶核剂的含量对Nd3∶ZnO-B2O3-Al2O3-SiO2系透明玻璃陶瓷的核化和晶化性能的影响.利用修正的Kissinger方程研究了晶核剂对玻璃析晶动力学参数,析晶活化能E和析晶动力学判据k(Tp),利用Augis-Bennett方程计算出Avrami参数n.并分析其显微形貌同光透过率的关系,对光学性能进行了研究.     

Fe2O3对MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃介电性能的影响

以化学纯试剂为原料采用高温熔融法制备MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 (MAS)系微晶玻璃,利用差热分析仪(DSC)、X射线衍射(XRD)、电子扫描显微镜(SEM)以及介电检测等手段对Fe2O3在MAS系微晶玻璃中介电性能的影响进行探究.结果表明:Fe2O3有降低微晶玻璃核化和晶化温度的作用;随着Fe2O3的加入,试样的主晶相由堇青石向镁铝尖晶石转变,试样的介电常数和介电损耗逐渐减小并且电阻率增高;当Fe2O3的添加量大于6;时,微晶玻璃的介电性能变化不大,趋于稳定.     

徐闻盐场苦卤制备Mg2(OH)2CO3·3H2O晶须

以苦卤为原料,先在体系中加入Na2CO3-NaHCO3缓冲溶液,再以Na2CO3为沉淀剂,采用液相沉淀法制备了直晶率好、分散性好的碱式碳酸镁晶须(Mg2 (OH)2CO3·3H2O).通过元素分析、SEM及XRD测试等手段分别表征了产品的纯度、形貌特征及属性.结果表明,碱式碳酸镁晶须分散性好、晶形好、粒度分布均匀、晶须质量好.当反应温度T=32℃,反应时间t=69 h时可获得晶形好、表面光滑的碱式碳酸镁晶须.     

烧成制度对R2O-CaO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2分相乳浊釉的影响研究

用DSC、色度仪、XRD、SEM等仪器对R2O-CaO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2分相乳浊釉样品进行检测分析,探究烧成制度对釉面性状及显微结构的影响.结果表明,升温速率快慢影响釉中组分扩散和迁移的时间,致使釉中分相液滴的尺寸分布、平均粒径、体积分数产生变化,釉面呈现乳蓝、乳白等效果;提高烧成温度可促进釉层中组分的相互扩散,在1160～1220℃范围内可得到白度大于70;的光亮乳浊釉面,温度过高容易导致釉面出现针孔缺陷;降温冷却过程中釉熔体在热力学和动力学相互作用下发生分相现象,分相液滴的组分、形貌和尺寸是此过程中某一瞬时的平衡态,因此降温冷却过程对分相乳浊釉有重要影响.     

NMR studies on rapidly solidified SiO2Al2O3 and SiO2Al2O3Na2O-glasses

²⁷Al and ²⁹Si MAS NMR studies were performed on roller-quenched SiO₂Al₂O₃-glasses with Al₂O₃ contents ranging from 10 to 60 mol% and on SiO₂Al₂O₃Na₂O glasses containing 10 mol% Al₂O₃ and 2.5 to 10 mol% Na₂O. Pure aluminium silicate glasses show NMR peaks at 0, 30 and 60 ppm. The frequency distribution of the different Al-sites is not affected by the glass composition. In glasses of the system SiO₂Al₂O₃Na₂O the 30 ppm peak decreases to zero as the Na₂O content increases. The 30 ppm peak is assigned to distorted triclustered AlO-tetrahedra, rather than to fivefold coordinated Al. Triclustering of tetrahedra may provide for charge neutrality in glasses with molar excess of Al₂O₃ over Na₂O. As charge balance is increasingly achieved by addition of alkali ions, the tendency of tetrahedral triclustering is reduced, reflected by the disappearance of the 30 ppm peak in glasses containing ≥ 7.5 mol% Na₂O.     

Production and properties of high purity TeO2− WO3−(La2O3, Bi2O3) and TeO2− ZnO−Na2O−Bi2O3 glasses

TeO₂–WO₃ (TW), TeO₂–WO₃–La₂O₃ (TWL), TeO₂–WO₃–La₂O₃–Bi₂O₃ (TWLB) and TeO₂–ZnO–Na₂O–Bi₂O₃ (TZNB) glasses were produced by high-purity oxide mixtures melting in platinum or gold crucible at 800 °C in the atmosphere of purified oxygen. The total content of Cu, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni impurities was not more than 0.1–0.5 ppm wt in the initial oxides and glasses. The stability of TZNB glasses to crystallization, characterized by (T_x ? T_g) value more than 150 °C, was demonstrated by DSC measurements at heating rate 10 K/min. In the case of La₂O₃-containing glasses the thermal effects of both crystallization and fusion of the crystallized phases were not observed. The hydroxyl groups absorption coefficients of pure tellurite glasses at the maximum of the absorption band (λ ~ 3 μm) were in the region of 0.012–0.001 cm^?1. The optical absorption losses, measured by the laser calorimetry method at λ = 1.56 and 1.97 μm, did not exceed 100 dB/km.     

La2O3掺杂对BaTiO3-Nb2O5-Fe2O3陶瓷的晶体结构和介电性能的影响

研究了La2O3 掺杂对BaTiO3-Nb2O5-Fe2O3(BTNF)基陶瓷的晶体结构和介电性能的影响.XRD分析表明:La2O3掺杂陶瓷的(200)和(002)晶面衍射峰都发生了明显分裂,说明陶瓷均以四方相为主晶相.随着La2O3含量的增加,四方率先增大后减小.用SEM研究La2O3对BTNF基陶瓷微观结构的影响,结果表明:随着La2O3掺杂量的增加,试样的晶粒明显变小,La2O3显著的抑制了晶粒的生长.当La2O3掺杂量为0.15 mol;时,陶瓷晶粒生长比较均匀.陶瓷的室温介电常数大体上呈现出先增大后减小的趋势,当La2O3掺杂量为0.15 mol;时,有最大介电常数4562.