弹塑性流体力学拉氏自适应网格和网格重分守恒重映数值模拟方法

拉氏自适应重分弹塑性流体力学有限元程序实现了网格完全自适应，具有良好、灵活的非结构自适应网格数据结构，实现了滑移界面两边(接触间断)网格动态调整，网格的细分和合并处理灵活，网格重分和网格自适应模块兼容、守恒重映，网格重分中采用多种方法控制新网格的质量，爆轰计算可采用Lee-Tarver的化学反应率模式。初步数值计算结果表明，弹塑性流体力学拉氏自适应重分数值模拟方法合理，计算结果正确，基本反映了流场的物理结构。     

ALE计算中基于声速分布的网格优化技术

基于声速分布,提出一种拉氏流体力学计算中大变形网格优化的数值技术.该方法不但可以优化网格的几何形状且可以提高拉氏流体计算的时间步长.介绍基于声速分布的网格松弛泛函、修正梯度流方程的推导、离散和求解方法,启动/终止网格优化过程的条件,及基于这种网格优化方法的ALE算法.给出Rayleigh-Taylor不稳定性问题等数值算例,用以证明该方法的有效性.     

非结构多边形网格滑移线开穴算法

基于非结构任意多边形网格管理体系及束缚滑移技术,针对多介质多次加卸载大变形问题的模拟,发展滑移线开穴算法,并利用金属碰撞分离模型进行验证.给出滑移线上的点和网格的开闭穴状态判别方法及网格开闭情况下滑移线上点的速度计算方法.该滑移计算技术将传统结构网格的开穴算法推广到拉氏非结构多边形网格中,保留拉氏滑移算法无缝连接和较好模拟物质界面的优点,实现了模拟实际问题中物质界面开闭功能.在金属碰撞分离模型中采用多种网格、不同界面形状和多介质等条件进行测试,证明了算法的正确性.     

LARED-H程序的激光黑腔靶耦合数值模拟

LARED-H程序是一个可用于激光黑腔靶耦合数值模拟研究的二维辐射流体力学程序。黑腔等离子体所形成的复杂流场使单纯的拉格朗日网格在计算中产生严重扭曲，影响计算精度，并导致计算中断。拉氏加网格重分是计算激光黑腔靶耦合常用的算法。对LARED-H程序的积分网格重分方法在网格重构和物理量重映方面作了较大改进，并利用改进后的LARED-H程序模拟了“神光”-Ⅱ和“神光”-Ⅲ条件下的激光空腔靶耦合物理全过程。     

二维拉氏自适应流体动力学（LAD2D）软件研制

二维拉氏自适应流体动力学软件LAD2D，是采用建立在拉氏自适应结构和非结构网格上的有限体积格式，可以计算平面二维和柱对称二维多物质大变形弹塑性流体动力学问题。LAD2D软件系统主要由5部分组成：主控程序、数据模块、前处理模块、主体计算模块、网格模块和后处理模块。其中主体计算采用了结构网格与非结构网格联合使用的拉氏网格体系，计算格式采用了有限体积格式。网格模块包括网格生成、自适应网格加密（AMR技术）和网格重分技术，以及网格改变后物理量守恒重映技术。LAD2D软件系统由主体程序、二维网格生成程序（GRID2D）、二维自适应网格加密程序（AMR2D）、二维自适应程序（ADAPT2D）f[I-维物理量重映程序（REMAP2D）组成。     

非结构多边形网格解扭和重分方法

在多维流体动力学计算中，流体运动和计算网格的关系可以分为两种情况。一是Lagrangian方法，即网格跟随流体运动；二是Eulerian方法，即流体流过固定；下动的网格。一般计算网格的运动是任意的。这就对应于任意Lagrangian—Eulerian（ALE）方法。ALE方法的核心是通过调整网格运动，使得数值模拟的精度、效率有所提高。它的主要步骤是：显式Lagrangian步；网格重分，即得到新的计算网格；物理量重映，即将Lagrangian步的计算结果变换到新网格上。在这3步中，较少研究网格重分。数值模拟和网格重分的一个基本前提是网格是合理的，或者说网格不能发生翻转，网格应当是凸的。而Lagrangian步数值模拟会造成网格扭曲，因此在网格重分前进行网格解扭是十分必要的。文中描述了通用的网格解扭、重分算法，使得解扭、重分后的网格有较好的几何品质，同时尽可能接近Lagrangian网格。     

非结构子网格压力方法

纯拉氏流体力学计算失败的根源是砂漏运动和虚假涡旋,运用子网格拉氏质量与其相关的子网格密度得到子网格压力,子网格压力产生的扰动隅角力能消除这些虚假运动,以便消除困扰拉氏流体力学算法的网格畸变带来的数值计算困难.将包括子网格压力的相容流体算法推广到非结构网格,研制包括非结构子网格压力的相容流体程序,对Saltzman活塞问题进行数值模拟,从数值结果分析可知,非结构子网格压力方法能抑制虚假涡旋,消除砂漏畸变.     

邻域可变技术及其在闭穴滑移计算中的应用

基于任意多边形网格邻域可变技术,提出一种针对多介质带有间隙计算模型的闭穴滑移计算方法,实现了复杂工程中带有间隙问题的数值模拟.该方法避免了传统算法中以直代曲的缺陷,克服了传统方法由于网格扭曲变形带来的接触点求解的困难.数值模拟结果验证了方法的可行性,体现了算法对间隙闭穴的无缝连接特点.     

多介质流体模拟与实验研究进展

1．可压缩多介质流动在惯性约束聚变等领域有着广泛的应用背景,其模拟一直是流体计算领域的难点和前沿问题之一。为了清晰描述自由面和各种物质界面,拉氏方法和ALE方法仍是目前实际计算中的主要计算方法,然而物质界面的大变形一直是难以克服的瓶颈问题。为此我们提出了一种整体ALE计算（GALE）的设想,通过引入混合网格,发展ALE模式下的混合网格模型和界面处理方法,在多个物质区上进行整体的网格重分,有效克服了多介质大变形这一瓶颈困难。     

二维三温辐射流体力学拉氏计算中的子网格压力方法

研究对应于电子压、离子压、光子压的扰动隅角力的计算方法,提出二维三温辐射流体力学拉氏计算中的两种子网格压力方法,即基于状态方程和基于几何的方法.数值试验表明,这两种方法均能很好地抑制二维三温辐射流体力学拉氏计算中出现的网格非物理畸变.     

自适应于流场变化的网格重构方法

提出九点网格重构方法,不仅生成的网格正交性和光滑性好,而且重构后的网格与物理问题解的空间分布相适应,实现了重构后的网格品质好.理论上证明了九点网格重构方法逼近椭圆型方程,并具有球对称性,数值试验表明,该方法具有很好的适应复杂区域的稳健性,在爆轰驱动或高速冲击ALE(Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian)数值模拟中具有较高的应用价值.     

重分网格技巧初探

本文讨论按等距原则重新划分拉氏网格的技巧,应用重分阈值η和四步重分方法。新、旧网格之间,按体积份额守恒地分配有关网格量,数值试验表明,为了提高重分效果,不仅需要调整重分区域内部网格点的位置,而且还要适当调整边界网格点的位置。     

ReALE: A reconnection-based arbitrary-Lagrangian–Eulerian method

We present a new reconnection-based arbitrary-Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) method. The main elements in a standard ALE simulation are an explicit Lagrangian phase in which the solution and grid are updated, a rezoning phase in which a new grid is defined, and a remapping phase in which the Lagrangian solution is transferred (conservatively interpolated) onto the new grid. In standard ALE methods the new mesh from the rezone phase is obtained by moving grid nodes without changing connectivity of the mesh. Such rezone strategy has its limitation due to the fixed topology of the mesh. In our new method we allow connectivity of the mesh to change in rezone phase, which leads to general polygonal mesh and allows to follow Lagrangian features of the mesh much better than for standard ALE methods. Rezone strategy with reconnection is based on using Voronoi tessellation. We demonstrate performance of our new method on series of numerical examples and show it superiority in comparison with standard ALE methods without reconnection.     

大长宽比扭曲网格上辅助网格差分方法

讨论抛物型方程的离散差分格式的构造,对九点差分格式进行了适用范围的讨论,并在此基础上提出辅助网格差分方法,用于处理因网格长宽比大且扭曲较大的网格引起的计算精度与计算效率降低的问题,该方法从守恒方程出发,将九点差分格式应用于按某种合适的方式进行重分之后的网格上,减少由于网格正则性差以及网格节点上的物理量采用周围网格量的加权平均等原因所引起的计算误差,得到一个新的但其解仍然逼近原来网格上的物理量的方程组.所构造的方法便于实施,且更适合于对实际物理模型的模拟,能比较好地适应流体大变形导致的网格扭曲,数值试验表明它有较好的数值精度和稳定性.     

A two-dimensional unstructured cell-centered multi-material ALE scheme using VOF interface reconstruction

We present a new cell-centered multi-material arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) scheme to solve the compressible gas dynamics equations on two-dimensional unstructured grid. Our ALE method is of the explicit time-marching Lagrange plus remap type. Namely, it involves the following three phases: a Lagrangian phase wherein the flow is advanced using a cell-centered scheme; a rezone phase in which the nodes of the computational grid are moved to more optimal positions; a cell-centered remap phase which consists of interpolating conservatively the Lagrangian solution onto the rezoned grid. The multi-material modeling utilizes either concentration equations for miscible fluids or the Volume Of Fluid (VOF) capability with interface reconstruction for immiscible fluids. The main original feature of this ALE scheme lies in the introduction of a new mesh relaxation procedure which keeps the rezoned grid as close as possible to the Lagrangian one. In this formalism, the rezoned grid is defined as a convex combination between the Lagrangian grid and the grid resulting from condition number smoothing. This convex combination is constructed through the use of a scalar parameter which is a scalar function of the invariants of the Cauchy–Green tensor over the Lagrangian phase. Regarding the cell-centered remap phase, we employ two classical methods based on a partition of the rezoned cell in terms of its overlap with the Lagrangian cells. The first one is a simplified swept face-based method whereas the second one is a cell-intersection-based method. Our multi-material ALE methodology is assessed through several demanding two-dimensional tests. The corresponding numerical results provide a clear evidence of the robustness and the accuracy of this new scheme.     

空腔靶大变形问题的网格构造

针对ICF(Inertial Confinement Fusion)空腔靶大变形问题,发展了九点网格重构方法.拓展后的九点网格重构方法,保留了九点网格重构方法的基本特征(逼近椭圆型或抛物型方程,并具有一维球对称性),而且包含更多形式的九点网格重构方法,扩展了实际问题的使用需要.最后LARED-H程序采用ALE(ArbitraryLagrangian-Eulerian)方法,对空腔靶进行数值模拟,给出了合理的物理图像.     

Modeling material responses by arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian formulation and adaptive mesh refinement method

In this paper we report an efficient numerical method combining a staggered arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) formulation with the adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) method for materials modeling including elastic–plastic flows, material failure, and fragmentation predictions. Unlike traditional AMR applied on fixed domains, our investigation focuses on the application to moving and deforming meshes resulting from Lagrangian motion. We give details of this numerical method with a capability to simulate elastic–plastic flows and predict material failure and fragmentation, and our main focus of this paper is to create an efficient method which combines ALE and AMR methods to simulate the dynamics of material responses with deformation and failure mechanisms. The interlevel operators and boundary conditions for these problems in AMR meshes have been investigated, and error indicators to locate material deformation and failure regions are studied. The method has been applied on several test problems, and the solutions of the problems obtained with the ALE–AMR method are reported. Parallel performance and software design for the ALE–AMR method are also discussed.     

一类自适应运动网格的ALE方法

从积分形式的二维Lagrange流体力学方程组出发,使用ENO高阶插值多项式,推广了四边形结构网格下的一阶有限体积格式,构造一类结构网格下的高精度有限体积格式.结合有效的守恒重映方法,发展一类高精度的ALE方法,并结合自适应运动网格技术,进行ALE方法的数值模拟,得到预期的效果.     

Comparison between smoothed dissipative particle dynamics and Voronoi fluid particle model in a shear stationary flow

We present a numerical comparison between two Lagrangian techniques for the simulation of fluids, smoothed dissipative particle dynamics (SDPD) and Voronoi fluid particle model. These methods reproduce the movement of the fluid with extensive particles. The main differences between these techniques are the volume definition and the implementation of the second derivatives. The Voronoi model is computationally more efficient than SDPD. For quasi-regular meshes, the Voronoi method is more accurate than SDPD but for arbitrary configurations its precision degrades. This means that the SDPD discrete versions of the second derivative operators are better than the ones used in the Voronoi method.     

Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian finite-element method for computation of two-phase flows with soluble surfactants

A finite-element scheme based on a coupled arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian and Lagrangian approach is developed for the computation of interface flows with soluble surfactants. The numerical scheme is designed to solve the time-dependent Navier–Stokes equations and an evolution equation for the surfactant concentration in the bulk phase, and simultaneously, an evolution equation for the surfactant concentration on the interface. Second-order isoparametric finite elements on moving meshes and second-order isoparametric surface finite elements are used to solve these equations. The interface-resolved moving meshes allow the accurate incorporation of surface forces, Marangoni forces and jumps in the material parameters. The lower-dimensional finite-element meshes for solving the surface evolution equation are part of the interface-resolved moving meshes. The numerical scheme is validated for problems with known analytical solutions. A number of computations to study the influence of the surfactants in 3D-axisymmetric rising bubbles have been performed. The proposed scheme shows excellent conservation of fluid mass and of the total mass of the surfactant.