1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠作为显色剂分光光度法测定阿魏酸哌嗪

建立了用1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠测定阿魏酸哌嗪的新方法.在pH 13.0的KCl-NaoH缓冲溶液中,阿魏酸哌嗪与1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠反应形成红褐色产物,其最大吸收波长为484 nm.阿魏酸哌嗪浓度在0.4～80μg/mL范围内呈现良好线性关系.线性回归方程为A=0.07742+0.01216ρ(μg/mL),线性相关系数r=0.9986,表观摩尔吸光系数5.8×103 L/mol/cm,相对标准偏差(RSD)和检出限分别为0.84%和0.29μg/mL.对药物样品中阿魏酸哌嗪的含量进行测定,平均回收率在95.1%～103.3%.     

1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠体系分光光度法测定对苯二酚

建立了用1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠分光光度法测定对苯二酚的新方法. 研究表明,在pH=13.00的KCl-NaOH缓冲溶液中,对苯二酚能够催化溶液中的OH-离子与1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠反应形成橙红色的2-羟基-1,4-萘醌,其最大吸收波长为454 nm. 对苯二酚质量浓度在1.3×10-7～1.32×10-5 g/mL范围内与吸光度呈现良好的线性关系. 线性回归方程为A=0.025 61+0.073 28c(1×105 mol/L),线性相关系数r=0.995 5,检测限为9×10-8 g/mL. 方法能直接用于水样中对苯二酚含量的测定,回收率在96.5%～103%.     

1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠试剂分光光度法测定葡萄糖

建立了用1, 2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠测定葡萄糖的新方法. 研究表明, 在pH 13.00的缓冲溶液中, 葡萄糖能够催化1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠与OH-反应生成2-羟基-1, 4-萘醌, 其最大吸收波长为454 nm. 葡萄糖质量浓度在0.8～80 mg/L范围内, 呈现良好线性关系. 线性回归方程为A＝0.0165+0.01004c(10-5 mol/L), 线性相关系数r＝0.9985. RSD和检出限分别为0.92%, 0.7 mg/L. 该法能够直接用于注射液中葡萄糖含量的测定.     

1, 2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠分光光度法测定间苯二酚

在pH 13.00缓冲溶液中, 间苯二酚能够催化氢氧根离子与1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠反应生成2-羟基-1, 4-萘醌, 其最大吸收波长为454 nm. 间苯二酚质量浓度在0.39～13.21 mg/L范围内与吸光度呈现良好线性关系. 线性回归方程为A=0.01918+0.05703c (×105 mol/L), 相关系数r=0.9981. RSD和检测限分别为1.6%, 0.34 mg/L (3σ/k). 该法能够直接用于水样中间苯二酚含量测定, 回收率在94.3%～106%.     

1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠体系分光光度法测定磺胺甲噁唑

采用1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠体系分光光度法测定磺胺甲噁唑(SMZ)。磺胺甲噁唑与1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠在pH=10.0的缓冲溶液中发生亲核取代反应生成橙红色的产物,组成比为1:1,最大吸收波长λ=476 nm;表观摩尔吸光系数ε=6.44×103L/(mol.cm);SMZ浓度在0.2~60 mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系;线性回归方程为A=0.02452 0.02301C(mg/L),线性相关系数r=0.9991;检出限为0.08 mg/L;RSD为0.25%(20 mg/L,n=11);平均回收率为98.7%以上。优化了对磺胺甲噁唑的测定条件。初步探讨了反应机理,应用拟定的方法测定磺胺甲噁唑的含量,与药典法相比,结果满意。     

衍生化-离子液体萃取分光光度法测定盐酸美西律

盐酸美西律与1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠在pH=9.0的介质中反应生成一种橙红色衍生物,该衍生物能被离子液体所萃取,其最大吸收波长发生较大幅度红移,吸光度显著增强。据此建立了高选择性的测定盐酸美西律的衍生化-离子液体萃取分光光度法。萃取后的衍生物在448 nm处的表观摩尔吸光系数ε为2.69×104L·mol-1·cm-1。盐酸美西律浓度在0.2～5.4μg·mL-1范围内符合比耳定律,相关系数为0.9994,检出限为0.067μg·mL-1。该方法已用于药物制剂及尿样中盐酸美西律的测定,其回收率分别为99.5%～100.7%和96.6%～101.5%。     

阳离子表面活性剂增敏1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠光度法测定羧甲司坦

建立了1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠与羧甲司坦配合物生成光度法测定羧甲司坦的新方法. 当控制溶液pH=11.0时,羧甲司坦、1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠与氯化十四烷基二甲基苄基铵生成摩尔比为1∶ 1∶ 1红褐色产物(λmax=466 nm),表观摩尔吸光系数ε=2.2×103 L/(mol·cm). 羧甲司坦质量浓度在0.72～28.67 mg/L内与吸光度呈良好线性关系,线性方程为:A=0.223 02+0.011 98c(mg/L),线性相关系数r=0.999 2,RSD和检测限分别为0.52%和0.70 mg/L,回收率98.7%～102.6%. 该法能直接用于药物样品中羧甲司坦测定,结果满意.     

1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠分光光度法测定苯丙氨酸

建立了用1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠测定苯丙氨酸的方法。在pH 10.0的缓冲溶液中,苯丙氨酸与1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠反应形成组成比为1:1的浅红色产物,其最大吸收波长λmax=474nm,表观摩尔吸光系数ε=9.5×103L/(mol·cm)。苯丙氨酸浓度在0.15~20 mg·L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为A=0.011+0.0576c(mg·L-1),线性相关系数r=0.9995,平均回收率在99.0%以上,本法用于测定药物样品中苯丙氨酸的含量,结果满意。     

氯化十四烷基二甲基苄基铵对羧甲司坦和1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠反应的增敏作用及羧甲司坦的测定

本文建立了一种用1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠测定羧甲司坦的新方法。研究表明：控制溶液pH11.00,羧甲司坦,1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠与氯化十四烷基二甲基苄基铵反应生成摩尔比为1:1:1红褐色产物,λ max = 466nm,线性方程为;A =0.22302+0.01198 C(mg/L),线性相关系数r = 0.9992, 表观摩尔吸光系数ε＝2.2 ×103 L•mol-1cm-1。羧甲司坦浓度在0.72～28.67mg/L内成良好线性关系,R.S.D.和检测限分别为 0.52%和0.70µg/mL,平均回收率为99.0﹪～103﹪。该法能够直接用于药物样品中羧甲司坦的测定,结果满意。     

奈替米星和1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠显色反应的研究及对奈替米星的测定

建立了用1, 2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠(NQS)作显色剂测定奈替米星(NET)的新方法.研究表明:控制溶液pH=10.00,NET与NQS反应生成摩尔比为1∶3的红褐色产物,最大吸收波长λmax=445 nm,奈替米星浓度在6.4～57.6 mg/L范围内与吸光度呈良好线性关系,表观摩尔吸光系数ε＝6.31×103 L\5mol-1\5cm-1,方法检出限为5.9 mg/L,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.81%,平均回收率99.0%以上.该法能直接用于药物样品中奈替米星的测定,结果满意.     

Study of methanol catalyzed reaction between sodium 1,2-naphthoquine-4-sulfonate and hydroxyl ion and its application in the determination of methanol

A novel and simple spectrophotometric method for the direct determination of methanol with 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonate (NQS) is developed in this paper. It is based on the fact that methanol can catalyze the reaction between 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonate and hydroxyl ion to form 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone in buffer solution of pH 13.00. Beer's law is obeyed in a range of 0.26-15.8 mg/ml at the maximal absorption wavelength of 454 nm. The equation of linear regression is A = 0.01998 + 0.05944C (mg/ml), with a linear regression correlation coefficient of 0.9977. The detection limit is 0.25mg/ml (3sigma/k), while R.S.D. is 2.0% and the recovery rate is in a range of 96.5-103%. The detailed mechanism for the formation of the products is proposed and discussed.     

A novel spectrophotometric method for the determination of aminophylline in pharmaceutical samples in the presence of methanol

A rapid, simple and sensitive method for the determination of aminophylline (Ami) using sodium 1, 2-naphthoquine-4-sulfonate (NQS) and methanol is established in this paper. It is based on the fact that a russety product can be formed by the reaction between aminophylline (Ami) and sodium 1, 2-naphthoquine-4-sulfonate (NQS) in pH 13.00 buffer solution. When methanol is added to the solution, the sensitivity of the color development reaction between Ami and NQS is improved, and the color of the system of NQS-Ami becomes a salmon pink. Beer's law is obeyed in a range of 4.97-69.5 microg ml(-1) of Ami at the maximum absorption of 453 nm (epsilon=4.87 x 10(3) l mol(-1) cm(-1)). The linear regression equation of the calibration curve is A=0.14458+0.00832C (microg ml(-1)), with a linear regression correlation coefficient of 0.9944. The detection limit is 0.7 microg ml(-1) (3sigma/k), R.S.D. is 1.1% and the recovery rate is in range of 92.5-105%. Furthermore, this method has been successfully applied to the determination of Ami in pharmaceutical samples.     

Study of the sensitization of tetradecyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride for the color development reaction between lysine and sodium 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonate and the determination of lysine in pharmaceutical and biological samples

A rapid, simple and sensitive method for the determination of lysine (Lys) using sodium 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonate (NQS) and tetradecyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (Zeph) is presented in this paper. The method is based on the russety product formed from Lys, NQS and Zeph in a buffer solution of pH 9.60, and the stoichiometric ratio of the product is 1:2:2. Beer's law is obeyed in a range of 0.09-18 microg ml(-1) of Lys at the maximum absorption of 474 nm (epsilon(474) is 8.1 x 10(5)l mol(-1)cm(-1)). The equation of linear regression is A=0.40427+0.06112C, with a linearly correlation coefficient of 0.9972. The limit of detection is 0.07 microg ml(-1), R.S.D. 0.8%, and average recovery rate in a range of 98.9-100.1%. This paper further optimizes the determination of Lys compared with the previous methods, and the reaction mechanism is studied intensively. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the determination of Lys in pharmaceutical and biological samples. The common components as nutritional additives in pharmaceuticals and other compounds in biological samples nearly do not interfere with the proposed method.     

Stability-indicating methods for determination of pyritinol dihydrochloride in the presence of its precursor and degradation product by derivative spectrophotometry

A first-derivative spectrophotometric (1D) method and a derivative-ratio zero-crossing spectrophotometric (1DD) method were used to determine pyritinol dihydrochloride (I) in the presence of its precursor (II) and its degradation product (III) with 0.1N hydrochloric acid as a solvent. Linear relationships were obtained in the ranges of 6-22 microg/mL for the (1D) method and 6-20 microg/mL for the (1DD) method. By applying the proposed methods, it was possible to determine pyritinol dihydrochloride in its pure powdered form with an accuracy of 100.36 +/- 1.497% (n = 9) for the (1D) method and an accuracy of 99.92 +/- 1.172% (n = 8) for the (1DD) method. Laboratory-prepared mixtures containing different ratios of (I), (II), and (III) were analyzed, and the proposed methods were valid for concentrations of < or = 10% (II) and < or = 50% (III). The proposed methods were validated and found to be suitable as stability-indicating assay methods for pyritinol in pharmaceutical formulations.     

赖氨酸-甲醇-1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠体系褪色光度法测定甲醇

赖氨酸与1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠在碱性条件下发生亲核取代反应,生成红褐色的产物,在该体系中加入甲醇后发生褪色反应,褪色最大波长λmax=559 nm,甲醇质量浓度在0.050～7.61 g/L范围内与吸光度降低程度呈良好线性关系,线性回归方程为A=-0.005 17-0.086 79c(g/L),线性相关系数r=0.999 6,检测限为49.5 mg/L,平均回收率为99.1%～102.6%。 用于甲醇样品测定,结果满意。     

吡硫醇在单壁碳纳米管修饰电极上电化学行为的研究

研究了吡硫醇在单壁碳纳米管修饰电极上的电化学行为,提出了一种检测吡硫醇的电化学方法.在0.1 mol/L的NaAc-HAc(pH 4.0)缓冲溶液中,吡硫醇在单壁碳纳米管修饰电极上出现一灵敏的氧化峰,峰电位位于0094 V处.与裸玻碳电极相比,单壁碳纳米管修饰电极显著提高了吡硫醇的氧化峰电流.在最佳实验条件下,吡硫醇浓度在9.9×10~(-6)～5.7×10~(-4) mol/L范围内与峰电流呈良好的线性关系,检出限为2.98×10~(-7) mol/L.吡硫醇在单壁碳纳米管修饰电极上的氧化过程受吸附控制,为1电子2质子的过程.     

Spectrophotometric determination of procaine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical products using 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonic acid as the chromogenic reagent

Spectrophotometric determination of procaine hydrochloride is described. The procaine hydrochloride reacts with 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonic acid in pH 3.60 buffer solution to form a salmon pink compound, and its maximum absorption wavelength is at 484 nm, epsilon(484)=5.22 x 10(3).The absorbance for procaine hydrochloride from 0.30 to 100 microg ml(-1) obeys Beer's law. The linear regression equation of the calibration graph is C=19.23A-0.03, with a linear regression correlative coefficient is 0.9996, the detection limit is 0.28 microg ml(-1); recovery is from 98.0 to 105.2%. Effects of pH, surfactant, organic solvent, foreign ions, and standing time on the determination of procaine hydrochloride have been examined. This method is rapid and simple, and can be used for the determination of procaine hydrochloride in injection solution of procaine hydrochloride. The results obtained by this method agreed with those by the official method (dead-stop titration).     

A new derivatization procedure for the determination of cephalexin with 1,2-naphthoquinone 4-sulphonate in pharmaceutical and urine samples using solid-phase extraction cartridges and UV–visible detection

The present report shows how to derivatize cephalexin with 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulphonate (NQS) into solid-phase extraction cartridges (C₁₈) using UV–visible detection. Optimum conditions for this new procedure are: hydrogen carbonate/carbonate buffer pH=10.5, 5 min reaction time at 25°C and NQS concentration of 7.1×10⁻³ mol l⁻¹. The accuracy and the precision of the method were tested. The procedure was used to measure cephalexin in pharmaceutical and urine samples. The results obtained were contrasted with those reported by UV-spectrophotometric and HPLC methods for pharmaceutical samples and with HPLC method for urine samples. The H-point standard additions method was used to measure cephalexin in pharmaceutical samples, and the generalized H-point standard additions method was used to measure cephalexin in urine samples.     

Effect of substituting oxygen for terminal nitrogen in aniline oligomers: a DFT comparison of hydroxyl and amino terminated aniline trimers

Quantum mechanical density functional theory (DFT) calculations are reported for N,N'-bis(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-quinonediimine [henceforth referred to as the hydroxyl terminated trimer], a derivative of previously investigated aniline trimers. Calculations are also reported on all isomers, common oxidations states, and hydrochloride salts of this material. The significance of replacing terminal amino groups by hydroxyl groups is detailed. The hydroxyl terminated trimer has a calculated electron affinity larger than that of the corresponding amino terminated aniline trimer N,N'-bis(4'-aminophenyl)-1,4-quinonediimine. The electron affinity of the anti conformer of the hydroxyl terminated emeraldine base trimer is 0.059767 hartrees (37.5 kcal mol(-1)), whereas that of the amino terminated form is 0.052728 (33.1 kcal mol(-1)). The electron affinity of the anti conformer of the hydroxyl terminated emeraldine dihydrochloride salt trimer is 0.130546 hartrees (81.9 kcal mol(-1)), whereas that of the amino terminated dihydrochloride salt is only 0.118972 (74.7 kcal mol(-1)). Because previous work has suggested that a larger electron affinity in the salt form leads to improved effectiveness in the role of corrosion inhibitor, these high-level calculations suggest a new and superior material for this application.