7502B光电直读光谱仪计算机升级

对国产７５０２Ｂ型ＩＣＰ光电直读光谱光谱仪的计算机控制系统的软硬件结构及其基本运行原理进行了分析，叙述了将其原有主控制计算机从长城０５２０ＣＨ－Ⅱ型微机升级为ＩＢＭＰＣ兼容奔腾机所存在的软件，硬件方面的问题及其解决办法。     

微机串行通信波特率的设置

本文以ＩＢＭ—ＰＣ机与ＭＣＳ—５１单片机间的串行数据通信为例，分析了波特率对微机串行通信的影响，讨论了微机串行通信彼特率的设置方法．     

组合数学方法推引原子谱项（Ⅲ）非等效组态的谱项及其微机处理

讨论了推引非等效组态原子谱项的组合数学方法和矢量加和法，并编制了ＢＡＳＩＣ语言程序，在微机上快速推求非等效组态的谱项。     

组合数学方法推引原子谱项（Ⅱ）：等效组态谱项的微机处理

运用组合数学方法编制ＢＡＳＩＣ语言程序在ＡＳＴ－２８６计算机上推出等价电子组态的原子谱项，能迅速准确地得出结果。计算具有４８６２０个微状态的ｇ９组态，只需６秒钟便能得出全部１０１７个谱项，对尸组态的计算仅需３秒钟。该程序在微机上计算的电子能态ｌ可高达５３。     

ER－200D－SRC型EPR谱仪微机系统的改造

详细叙述了德国ＢＲＵＫＥＲ分析仪器公司ＥＲ－２００Ｄ－ＳＲＣ型ＥＰＲ谱仪与ＩＢＭＰＣ／３８６微机联机的软硬件系统，该系统综合了仪器的自动磁场扫描控制，数据采集累加和数据分析处理及数据绘图、打印等各项功能。其硬件由ＩＢＭＰＣ／３８６微机及二大接口模块组成。一块为商品化的１２位Ａ／Ｄ、Ｄ／Ａ接口卡，另一块为自行设计的以ＩＮＴＥＬ－８２５５可编程通用接口电路为主体的数字量输入输出控制接口卡，可分别独立地插入ＰＣ机的扩展槽中，其软件采用Ｃ语言编写，具有菜单式、结构化、模块化、汉字工作提示、实验数据实时屏幕绘图、实验参数实时显示等特点，用户界面良好，该系统恢复并提高了原谱仪的整体性能，具有一定的推广价值。     

组合数学方法推引原子谱项（II）：等效组态谱项的微机处理

运用组合数学方法编制ＢＡＳＩＣ语言程序的ＡＳＴ－２８６计算机上出等价电子组态的原子谱项，能迅速准确地得结果，计算具有４８６２０个微状态的ｇ＾９组态，只需６秒钟便能得出全部１０１７个谱项，对ｆ组态的计算仅需３秒钟，该程序在微机上计算的电子能态Ｌ可高达５３。     

微机控制的CARS实验装置及三氯甲烷的CARS谱

用 ＡＰＰＬＢ ＩＩ微机实现了包括激光触发，波长调谐，相位匹配角计算和调整，探测波长自动跟踪以及数据采集和处理等过程的ＣＡＲＳ（相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射）实验目动化．给出了三氯甲烷的ＣＡＲＳ谱，证明了装置的可靠性．     

利用IBM微机辅助物理实验的设计

本文介绍利用ＩＢＭ微型机进行中专物理实验的一种科学准确的设计方法，利用微机对实验对象进行实时地数据采集和处理，学生测得的原始数据或实验结果跟计算机的数据相比较，可得出误差，误差太大，计算机要求重做，本文以测加速度实验为例，说明本实验的结构可以进行许多力学实验及光学实验．     

Excel在物理实验室

Ｅｘｃｅｌ在物理实验室何军（军械工程学院理化教研室石家庄０５０００３）１背景我们将微机引入物理实验室已有近１０年的历史，最早采用的是ＩＢＭＰＣ机，取得了较好的效果．由于微机一直在ＤＯＳ下操作，编程繁杂，图形功能差，容量和速度都满足不了实际需求．Ｗｉｎ...     

基于符号替换算法的光电混合型计算机的设计

在分析符号替换算法特点的基础上，提出了基于此算法的光电混合型计算机ＯＥＨＣＢＳＳ的体系结构及其算法。性能分析表明ＯＥＨＣＢＳＳ可实现性强、性能优，特别是其光符号替换处理器具有通用性强、速度快等特点。     

Measuring Light Field of Light Source with High Directional Resolution Using Mirrored Ball and Pinhole Camera

This paper presents a method of measuring a light field of a light source with high directional resolution using a mirrored ball and a pinhole camera. The light field describes a spatial and directional distribution of radiances from the light source. The directional distribution is expanded by a reflection on the mirrored ball, and the radiances are measured by a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera with a pinhole lens. The light source is laterally moved by a robot arm to measure the directionally expanded light field, and each pixel on a CCD can obtain the radiances from the light source through the pinhole lens with high directional resolution. The light field is estimated from the pixel value and the position of each pixel using a ray tracing technique. The light field of a krypton lamp was experimentally measured by the proposed method, and the accuracy of the measurement was evaluated against the irradiances measured by a spectro-radiometer at sample points.     

Direct measurement of group dispersion of optical components using white-light spectral interferometry

We present a simple white-light spectral interferometric technique employing a low-resolution spectrometer for a direct measurement of the group dispersion of optical components over a wide wavelength range. The technique utilizes an unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer with a component under test inserted in one arm and the other arm with adjustable path length. We record a series of spectral interferograms to measure the equalization wavelength as a function of the path length difference. We measure the absolute group refractive index as a function of wavelength for a quartz crystal of known thickness and the relative one for optical fiber. In the latter case we use a microscope objective in front and a lens behind the fiber and subtract their group dispersion, which is measured by a technique of tandem interferometry including also a Michelson interferometer.     

Electromagnetically induced transparency and light slowdown for Λ-like systems with a structured continuum

Electric susceptibility of a laser-dressed atomic medium is calculated for a model Λ-like system including two lower states and a continuum structured by a presence of an autoionizing state or a continuum with a laser-induced structure. Depending on the strength of a control field, it is possible to obtain a significant reduction of the light velocity in a narrow frequency window in the conditions of a small absorption. It is shown that increasing the values of the asymmetry parameters leads to an increase of the values of both real and imaginary parts of the medium susceptibility and to an increase of the width of the transparency window, compared with the case of a flat continuum. A smooth transition is shown between the case of a flat continuum and that of a discrete state serving as the upper state of a Λ system.     

单电子在含有双能级原子的空腔中的输运行为

本文构造了一个含有双能级原子的空腔系统,用来模拟一个含有双能级量子点的微腔系统, 并研究其对电子输运行为的影响.通过对该系统输运方程的求解,给出了系统输运系数的具体表达式,然后通过调整空腔及原子的本征特性以及两者的耦合性质,研究了电子在腔体中的输运行为对腔体本征属性的依赖关系. 这些结果可以为如何操控电子在微观结构器件中的输运特性提供一定的理论支持.     

The Klein-Gordon and the Dirac Oscillators in a Noncommutative Space

We study the Dirac and the Klein-Gordon oscillators in a noncommutative space. It is shown that the Klein-Gordon oscillator in a noncommutative space has a similar behaviour to the dynamics of a particle in a commutative space and in a constant magnetic field. The Dirac oscillator in a noncommutative space has a similar equation to the equation of motion for a relativistic fermion in a commutative space and in a magnetic field, however a new exotic term appears, which implies that a charged fermion in a noncommutative space has an electric dipole moment.     

Detonation initiation from shock and material interface interactions in hydrogen-air mixtures

A numerical study was conducted to explore the mechanisms of detonation initiation in a stoichiometric hydrogen-air mixture resulting from the interaction between a Mach 2.8 shock and a perturbed material interface. The simulations used a high-order compressible numerical method for fluid dynamics with both detailed and simplified chemical-diffusive models. Three material interfaces were considered: no interface, a perturbed planar flame, and a perturbed helium interface. The case with no interface did not evolve into a detonation. The case with the flame produced a series of additional shock-flame and shock-shock interactions. The shock-shock interactions produced a series of contact surfaces and sliplines with increasing temperature. Hot spots eventually formed along these sliplines and a detonation was initiated shortly thereafter through a reactivity gradient mechanism. The overall process of detonation initiation was similar for both detailed and simplified chemical-diffusive models. Only the fine details, such as the precise time and location of the hot spots, were different. This indicates that simplified chemical-diffusive models are adequate to describe the initiation of detonations in the present configuration. The processes that ignited the detonation were also similar in the case where the flame was replaced with a helium interface. Helium has a similar acoustic impedance to the products and produced similar wave refraction patterns. Thus, the primary effect of the flame is to facilitate the shock-shock interactions that produce hot spots and initiate the detonation. The chemical energy released by the flame has a secondary influence.     

Letter: Irreversible Processes in a Universe Modelled as a Mixture of a Chaplygin Gas and Radiation

The evolution of a Universe modelled as a mixture of a Chaplygin gas and radiation is determined by taking into account irreversible processes. This mixture could interpolate periods of a radiation dominated, a matter dominated and a cosmological constant dominated Universe. The results of a Universe modelled by this mixture are compared with the results of a mixture whose constituents are radiation and quintessence. Among other results it is shown that: (a) for both models there exists a period of a past deceleration with a present acceleration; (b) the slope of the acceleration of the Universe modelled as a mixture of a Chaplygin gas with radiation is more pronounced than that modelled as a mixture of quintessence and radiation; (c) the energy density of the Chaplygin gas tends to a constant value at earlier times than the energy density of quintessence does; (d) the energy density of radiation for both mixtures coincide and decay more rapidly than the energy densities of the Chaplygin gas and of quintessence.     

Optical Storage Media with Dye-Doped Minute Spheres on Polymer Films

We have fabricated a new optical storage media using minute spheres arranged on a surface relief grating (SRG). Using minute spheres as recording bits, we can limit recordable regions by sphere size, and can realize high resolution reproduction in the plane direction. Surface relief structures were made on a polymer thin film on which we performed diffusion arrangement and adsorptive fixation of minute spheres. The stability of the arranged spheres was confirmed for heating and washing. Furthermore, we used a dipping method for a more simple arrangement of minute spheres on a large area of the substrate and made a monolayer sample of the spheres. We were able to realize a highly sensitive reconstruction of the medium using a confocal optical system as a record and readout system.     

具有态守恒赝隙的光子晶体中两能级原子自发辐射的增强与抑制

论证了在赝带隙光子晶体中存在一个全频率域态总数守恒规则，在完全带隙光子晶体中还存在一个局域态总数守恒规则.态总数守恒规则指出，如果一个光子晶体的态密度在某些频率范围存在相对于等效介质态密度的谷，则一定由其他频率范围内相对于等效介质态密度的峰来补偿.使用符合态总数守恒规则的态密度模型，解释了态密度调制导致的自发辐射谱增强、抑制、变窄、红移、蓝移以及谱分裂等光子晶体中的量子光学现象.该理论比较适合研究在具有赝带隙的光子晶体中大量随机分布的发光原子或分子的自发辐射行为. 关键词： 光子晶体 自发辐射 态密度 光子赝带隙     

Reconstruction of the acoustic impedance profile in a plate using an inverse spectral procedure

An inverse spectral procedure was applied to reconstruct the acoustic impedance profile along the thickness direction of a plate using its thickness resonance frequencies, density and thickness. For a successful reconstruction, the material-property profile must be symmetric about the mid-plane of the plate. Several cases of numerical simulations, including plates with a few layers and with a high number of layers are described. The calculated resonance frequencies were used to reconstruct the acoustic impedance profile, a process that was successful for all cases. We assume that a plate with a high number of layers, each with a different but constant acoustic impedance, simulates a plate with a smoothly varying acoustic impedance profile. It can be concluded that such a plate, which generates small, virtually undetectable, internally reflected waves, can also be reconstructed. In the special case of a plate of unknown thickness and unknown but constant density, the method is still useful, because a relative variation of the material property can be reconstructed using only the resonance frequencies. An experiment using a resonance-mode electromagnetic acoustic transducer (resonance-mode EMAT) is also described. EMAT is a non-contact ultrasonic method that can measure thickness resonance frequencies, making it appropriate for this method. Some examples of applications are measurement of the temperature profile inside a rolled metal sheet, measurement of a clad metal plate, and monitoring of a metal casting.