无限深方势阱本征值和本征态的三种求解方法

一维无限深方势阱模型是量子力学理想模型,经典教材中势阱的边界一般取得比较特殊.或关于坐标原点具有对称性,或势阱左边界位于坐标原点.本文首先展示了如何利用3种方法求解一维任意边界无限深方势阱能量本征值和对应的本征态,不同方法得到的结果彼此之间等价,讨论分析了这3种方法的推导结果,然后得到关于一维任意边界无限深方势阱能量本征值和本征态的通式,从中比较容易看出这两个物理量均与阱宽有关,并且本征波函数与边界值有关,最后将一维结果拓展到二维和三维任意边界无限深方势阱情况.     

关于半壁无限深势阱束缚态存在条件的讨论

一维无限深势阱问题是量子力学中的经典问题,也是国内外量子力学初学者必学内容之一。一维半壁无限深势阱作为一维无限深势阱的变形,也是量子力学教学中常见的物理模型。然而关于半壁无限深势阱这一模型,许多教学和科研工作者甚至教材之中,都存在不严谨之处;尤其是对于束缚态存在条件的求解,许多教材与习题册没有对临界条件进行讨论验证。本文借助图解法对半壁无限深势阱束缚态存在条件进行了讨论并给出了严格解,纠正了长久以来人们对该问题的错误认识,对量子力学领域本科教学与实际科研工作有一定帮助。     

关于一维无限深方势阱描述的一个注记

关于一维无限深方势阱描述的一个注记额尔敦朝鲁（内蒙古民族师范学院物理系，通辽０２８０４３）当前国内流行的许多量子力学教科书中，对一维无限深方势阱的描写出现多种形式，概括起来，至少存在以下四种不同的形式［１～３］：１）Ｕ（ｘ）＝０，０＜ｘ＜ａ∞，ｘ＜０...     

基于GUI的三维无限深势阱可视化研究

无限深势阱中粒子的量子力学图像是教师教学和学生学习的一个难点,本文利用Matlab的GUI功能对三维无限深势阱粒子的量子化行为进行可视化研究。通过对控件的选取与设置,分别给出了三维无限深势阱不同量子数下零平面、极值点所在平面的波函数切片分布图,以及垂直x方向任意截面处的波函数立体分布图,实现了三维无限深势阱任意量子数及任意截面处波函数的可视化。利用GUI实现三维无限深势阱粒子量子化行为的可视化,可以很好地实现人机互动,便于形象分析不同条件下的波函数分布情况,有助于教师教学和学生学习。     

量子力学中无限深势阱问题的教学研究

在一维问题的基础上探讨了二维无限深势阱的问题,发掘二维无限深势阱在不同边界约束情况下不同于一维问题的特征和应用.     

一维有限深方势阱的α0迭代求解法

介绍了用α０迭代方法求一维有限深方势阱的解析近似解，给出了解的通式和可求任意精度要求解的α０循环迭代计算程序流程。在新的基础上建立有限深方势阱的能级和波函数与无限深方势阱的能级和波函数的联系。     

一维无限深势阱内粒子概率密度演示仪

设计了一维无限深势阱中粒子概率密度演示仪,利用粒子的态函数的驻波图像来演示粒子的概率密度,使学生能直观地观察一维无限深势阱内粒子的概率密度分布规律.     

方势阱中束缚态粒子能级的数值方法和波函数的图示

用数值方法求出了一维有限深不对称方势阱中束缚态粒子的能级和归一化波函数及其图示,所得结果在势阱深度趋于无穷大时与无限深势阱的结果一致.     

(nc-Si/SiO2)/SiO2多层量子点结构的激子能级

采用球型量子点模型,应用有效质量近似理论,研究了(nc-Si/SiO2)/SiO2多层量子点结构的激子能级和波函数.结果表明,有限深势阱模型的引入更符合实际更加准确.无论在无限深或有限深势阱下,激子质心运动部分基态能量随最子点半径的减小而急剧增大.对于相同的量子点半径α,无限深势阱下的质心部分能量总比有限深势阱高,且二者的差距随α的减小小而增大.     

一维无限深梯形势阱中微观粒子波函数和能级的半解析解

利用特殊函数研究了一个数学形式简单但物理内涵丰富的新势阱——一维无限深梯形势阱,并得到了处于该势阱中微观粒子的波函数和能级的半解析解,其结果可以用来从理论上分析梯形沟道势阱的二维电子气的物理机制.此外指明了它与熟知的一维无限深方势阱和三角势阱的联系与区别,并基于对应原理讨论了该模型下粒子波函数的特征.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.