1.3μm无致冷AlGaInAs/InP应变补偿量子阱激光器设计与制作

基于半导体量子阱激光器的基本理论,设计了合理的1.3μm无致冷AlGaInAs/InP应变补偿量子阱激光器结构,通过低压金属有机化学气相外延(LP-MOVPE)工艺在国内首次生长出了高质量的AlGaInAs/InP应变补偿量子阱结构材料,用此材料制作的器件指标为激射波长:1280nm≤λ≤1320nm,阈值电流:I_th(25℃)≤15mA,I_th(85℃)≤30mA,量子效率变化:Δη_ex(25℃～85℃)≤1.0dB,线性功率:P₀≥10mW     

InGaAsP分别限制量子阱激光器

长波长InGaAsP量子阱激光器,以其低阈值、窄光谱线宽和高的调制频带宽等优良特性而成为大容量通信的基础。为此,我们利用低压MOVCD技术生长了1.62μm和1.3μm的InGaAsP材料,测得其77K光荧光(PL)谱线半峰高宽分别为18.7meV和28meV.利用X射线双晶衍射测得两种材料的晶格失配度不大于1×10^-3.并生长了四个不同阱宽的InGaAsP/InP量子阱结构,测得77K温度下的PL谱,分析了阱宽对发光波长及半峰宽的影响,并提出在量子阱激光器中减小界面层影响的方法。在此基础上,生长了分别限制量子阱激光器结构,并利用质子轰击制备出条形结构激光器,测得其最低阈值电流为100mA.直流工作光谱峰值波长为1.52μm左右,单面输出外微分量子效率约为36%.     

光纤光栅外腔半导体激光器的多参量优化分析

采用多参量优化的多目标遗传算法优化了光纤光栅外腔半导体激光器（FGECL）管芯的两个端面反射率和外腔长度.研究了FGECL的阈值特性,并对多个参量优化和单个参量优化的结果进行了比较分析.表明获取最低阈值电流,要以激光器的电光转换效率和输出光功率为代价,从而得到高边模抑制比、窄光谱线宽、良好动态特性和高调制速率的FGECL.并且发现当两端面的反射率增加,同时激射波长在外腔长度中形成稳定谐振时,激光器的阈值电流达到最小值,但相应的电光转换效率和出光功率会急剧地减小.     

单颗粒CVD金刚石的场发射

利用改造的扫描电子显微镜(SEM)设备，在SEM腔体中利用钨(W)探针测试了单颗粒金刚石的I-V与场发射特性，结果表明结晶良好的金刚石的I-V特性服从欧姆定律，而孤立的菜花状金刚石颗粒(cauliflower-like diamond)的I-V特性基本符合Pool-Frenkel输运特性.场发射特性表明，结晶良好的金刚石薄膜基本没有场发射，而孤立的菜花状的金刚石颗粒具有一定的场发射.CVD金刚石的场发射过程中，缺陷对电子的输运起主导作用.     

体布拉格光栅外腔半导体激光器光谱特性研究

用体布拉格光栅(VBG)作为反馈元件与瓦级半导体激光器(LD)以及快轴准直柱透镜构成一个可以将半导体激光器的工作波长稳定在体布拉格光栅布拉格波长处的外腔激光器。测量了体布拉格光栅外腔激光器的波长稳定性与其工作电流、热汇温度、激光束准直装置等因素的关系。分析了波长稳定效果与半导体激光器增益谱特性、外腔结构参量等因素的关系。研究表明,在相同的工作电流、热汇温度下,当准直柱透镜直径为0.4 mm时的波长稳定效果较好;在此情况下,当热汇温度控制在30℃,工作电流从0.5 A增加到1.5 A的测量范围内,以及当工作电流固定在1.5 A,热汇温度从20℃增加到35℃时,测得的光谱特性表明,半导体激光器的工作波长可以很好地稳定在体布拉格光栅的布拉格波长处。与该激光器在同样条件下自由运转的光谱比较,可以看到,自由运转激射波长与体布拉格光栅的布拉格波长差值小于2.6 nm情况下,可以获得很好的波长稳定效果。实验也表明,当该值大于4.8 nm时波长稳定效果变差。     

980nm泵浦的掺铒光纤放大器实验研究

10m长的铒掺杂光纤在980nm波长半导体激光器泵浦下,获得了对1.55μm波长的入射光信号的放大作用。当入射光信号功率为-22dBm而泵浦功率为9.3mW时,放大器的增益为15dB.     

半导体激光自混合干涉仪稳定性的仿真分析

利用半导体激光器的Lang-Kobayashi方程,对半导体激光自混合干涉系统的动力学特性进行了仿真分析。研究结果表明,当光反馈系数较小时,激光器处于稳定状态,外腔长度不影响系统的稳定性;当光反馈系数较大时,激光器将进入不稳定状态,对于不同的外腔长度,激光器的稳定状态将发生变化。为实现大量程的位移或距离测量,光反馈系数必须足够小才能保证在较大外腔长度变化范围内,激光器始终处于稳定状态。     

基于环行腔激光器四波混频型可调谐波长转换的理论研究

建立了完整的基于半导体环行腔激光器四波混频型可调谐波长转换器的宽带理论模型.模型中考虑了半导体光放大器的材料增益谱、载流子的空间分布、光场的纵向空间分布和宽带放大自发发射等关键因素，并通过数值模拟，从理论上研究了这种波长转换器的各种性能与输入信号光功率、注入电流、输出耦合器的耦合比和环行腔激光器激射光波长的关系.理论上所得结论与文献中实验结果符合得很好. 关键词： 半导体环行腔激光器 四波混频 波长转换 放大自发发射     

基于级联光纤Bragg光栅的外腔半导体激光器三波长同时激射

实现了使用3个级联的光纤Bragg光栅外腔半导体激光器3波长同时激射.3条谱线的峰值波长取决于光纤Bragg光栅的峰值反射波长,分别为1 531.5 nm、1 549.4 nm与1 554.8 nm.注入电流为52 mA时,激光器总输出功率为1 mW.该激光器的主要优点包括,由于输出波长被锁定在光纤Bragg光栅的Bragg波长上,因此输出波长稳定,谱线窄,成本低.可应用于多波长干涉测量以及全光通信等领域中.     

用于抽运铯蒸气激光器的半导体激光器波长稳定与线宽窄化研究

针对铯蒸气激光器对窄线宽与高稳定852nm半导体激光抽运源的要求,采用体布拉格(Bragg)光栅作为外腔输出镜,研究了体Bragg光栅衍射效率对外腔半导体激光器输出光谱特性的影响。研究结果表明,衍射效率为24%、32%与37%的体布拉格光栅均能够改善半导体激光器输出光谱特性;输出光束中心波长锁定在852nm附近、输出线宽约为0.26nm;外腔半导体激光器输出波长随抽运电流、温度的变化速率分别小于10.4pm/A、7.2pm/℃,优于自由运行半导体激光器;随着光栅衍射效率增加,全系统外腔效率从91%降低至86%。     

Studying the extremely short external cavity semiconductor laser with ray tracing method

Based on the ray tracing method, the implicit expression of the output spectrum of the extremely short external cavity semiconductor laser (ESECSL) is derived, and the output spectrum and P-I characteristic of the ESECSL are investigated. The results show that: when the length of external cavity is changed at the order of wavelength, the P-I characteristics of the ESECSL will undergo significant changes; with the variation of the external cavity length, the lasing wavelength of ESECSL will behave cyclical jump in the range of 10 nm. Especially, for the external cavity length changed within the range of 40-70 μm, the jump range of the lasing wavelength will reach the maximum. The simulations well agree with the experimental results reported.     

Wavelength Tuning Characteristics of a Vertival Cavity Surface Emitting Laser Diode with an External Short Cavity

The characteristics of a wavelength tunable vertical cavity surface emitting laser diode (VCSEL) with an external short cavity are analyzed, in which the oscillation wavelength can be changed over several tens of nanometers with a nearly constant optical power by slightly altering the external cavity length. Analysis is based on rate equations for the optical power and carrier density, taking the effect of carrier-induced refractive index change into consideration, together with the study of behaviors of a complex resonator. The reflection coefficient r₂ of a laser facet facing the external mirror is shown to affect notably the characteristics of wavelength tuning, optical power and carrier density for a change of the external cavity length. It is also noticed that the wavelength change for this length becomes slower with relatively larger r₂ due to an increasing contribution of the effect of carrier-induced refractive index change, within the optical gain spectrum of the laser diode.     

输出平均功率大于2W的高功率、包层抽运、超短脉冲铒镱共掺光纤激光器

采用主振荡功率放大的方式，研制成功集宽带波长连续可调谐、带宽内输出功率谱均衡、高重复频率和高功率性能于一体的超短脉冲包层抽运铒镱共掺光纤激光器.将优化主振荡器和功率放大器的腔结构与掺铒光纤的饱和增益特性结合起来，实现了1535nm—1570nm(35nm带宽)的输出功率均衡的波长连续可调谐激光输出，在带宽内激光功率的最大波动仅为0.5dBm；带宽内平均输出功率大于2W、脉冲重复频率大于10GHz、脉冲宽度小于30ps.该激光器具有综合性能指标先进、结构简单、全光纤化、使用方便等优点. 关键词： 光纤激光器 包层抽运 短脉冲 高重复频率     

Fabrication and characterization of 1.55 μm single transverse mode large diameter electrically pumped VECSEL

We report on the design, fabrication, and characterization of InP-based 1.55 μm wavelength large diameter (50 μm) electrically pumped vertical external cavity surface emitting lasers (EP-VECSELs). The hybrid device consists of a half vertical cavity surface emitting laser (1/2-VCSEL) structure assembled with a concave dielectric external mirror. The 1/2-VCSEL is monolithically grown on InP substrate and includes a semiconductor Bragg mirror and a tunnel junction for electrical injection. Buried (BTJ) and ion implanted (ITJ) tunnel junction electrical confinement schemes are compared in terms of their thermal and electrical characteristics. Lower thermal resistance values are measured for BJT, but reduced current crowding effects and uniform current injection are evidenced for ITJ. Using the ITJ technique, we demonstrate Room-Temperature (RT) continuous-wave (CW) single transverse mode laser operation from 50-μm diameter EP-VECSEL devices. We show that the experimental laser optical output versus injected current (L–I) curves are well-reproduced by a simple analytical thermal model, consistent with the thermal resistance measurements performed on the 1/2-VCSEL structure. Our results indicate that thermal heating is the main mechanism limiting the maximum CW output power of 50-μm diameter VECSELs, rather than current injection inhomogeneity.     

Effect of Self-Pumped Phase Conjugation Feedback from a Ce:BaTiO3 Crystal on Lasing Spectrum of a Laser Diode

The effect of self-pumped phase conjugation (SPPC) feedback from a Ce:BaTiO₃ crystal on the lasing spectrum of a commercial laser diode was experimentally investigated, and dependence of the spectrum on the length and reflectivity of the external SPPC cavity was studied. Experimental results showed the optimum reflectivity of the external cavity to be 0.2% for our experimental setup.     

Properties of two-photon absorption-induced cavity lasing of an organic dye HEASPI pumped by picosecond infrared laser beam

The first operation of cavity lasing of a two-photon absorption (TPA) organic dye, trans-4-[p-(N-ethyl-N-hydroxyethylamino) styryl]-N-methylpyridinium iodide (HEASPI), by using picosecond infrared laser as pump source is reported in this paper. Temporal profile of cavity lasing shows obvious oscillations, and magnification of the feedback light can be obtained. By using the difference of re-absorption coefficient at different conditions, we explained the blue shift for cavity lasing and superradiance compared with TPA-induced fluorescence. The lifetime of TPA-induced fluorescence is measured to be 134 ps.     

Lasing features of dye—doped pendant drops added with polymer particles：spectral blueshift and intensity enhancement

When micrometre-sized polymer particles were added into a dye-doped pendant drop that acted as a quasi-two-dimensional circular resonator,we found a blueshift of the peak wavelength of its lasing spectrum.The lasing output was also enhanced by the particles.The spectral blueshift was explained by a model of dye lasing in a circular cavity.The model includes losses of the scattering particles,medium absorption,and radiation leakage,An optimum particle density for maximum lasing output was deduced.The results are consistent with our experimental findings.     

High-power single-frequency tunable solid-state lasers

Experimental results are presented on the achievement of single-frequency tunable lasing in ruby, Nd-glass, and Nd:YAG lasers with electrooptic Q switching of the cavity by the injection of an external signal. An optimization of the parameters is carried out for lasers on neodymium ions in yttrium aluminum garnet, lanthanum beryllate, chromium-doped gadolinium scandium gallium garnet, and lanthanum hexaaluminate with passive Q switching of the cavity by means of lithium fluoride shutters containing F ₂ ⁻ color centers. High-power single-frequency generation of giant pulses is achieved, with the output wavelength tunable over the half-width of the gain lines of the active media. Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 68, 74–79 (October 1998)     

Modeling,design, growth and characterization of red wavelength range microcavity emitters for plastic optic fiber applications

Resonant cavity light emitting diodes (RC-LEDs) and vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) for the red wavelength range are presented in the paper. A wide variety of simulation tools were employed in the device design and optimization and the good agreement between simulations and measurements enabled effective device development. Our red wavelength range RC-LEDs were mainly intended for short-haul communication systems based on polymethyl methacrylate plastic optical fiber and were optimized accordingly. They are achieving, under different structure and working regime variants, high output power (15 mW), high external efficiency (9.5%), record small-signal modulation bandwidth (f _-3dB up to 350 MHz), error-free back-to-back transmission rates beyond 622 Mbits/s, adjustable far-field pattern and good POF coupling efficiency with reasonably wide tolerances and without using auxiliary optics. In view of the possible use of graded-index POFs, free-space transmission and other high bandwidth or high spectral purity applications, VCSELs in the red wavelength range were also realized. They have achieved sub-milliamp room-temperature (RT) continuous-wave (CW) lasing for an 8 m diameter emission window and exhibited an external quantum efficiency of 6.65% for 10 m devices in RT CW operation. The VCSEL structures were far from optimal – not even incorporating all the RC-LED structure refinements – and significant improvement in performance characteristics are predicted for the optimized layer structure.     

Active wavelength control of an external cavity quantum cascade laser

We present an active wavelength control system for grating-based external cavity lasers that increases the accuracy of predicting the lasing wavelength based on the grating equation and significantly improves scan-to-scan wavelength/frequency repeatability. The ultimate 3?? precision of a frequency scan is determined by the scan-to-scan repeatability of 0.042?cm^?1. Since this control method can be applied to any external cavity laser with little to no modification, such a precision provides an excellent opportunity for spectroscopic applications that target molecular absorption lines at standard atmospheric conditions.