激光固化快速成形SL7510型光敏树脂性能研究

利用红外光谱仪、紫外激光固化快速成形设备、旋转黏度计、电子拉力试验机以及热机械性能分析仪对美国Huantsman公司的SL7510型光敏树脂进行了性能研究.实验结果表明,SL7510型光敏树脂是一种环氧树脂-丙烯酸酯混杂型光敏树脂,它在30℃时的黏度为335 mPa·s,临界曝光量为10.9 mJ/cm2,透射深度为0.14 mm,固化体积收缩率为4.03%,固化物托伸强度为40.8 MPa,拉伸弹性模量为2009.2 MPa,断裂伸长率为13.6%,玻璃化温度为62℃.同时,根据所测定的光敏树脂临界曝光量和透射深度数值,选定了紫外激光固化快速成形设备的加工参数,制作了电话机外壳,其制作效果较好.     

相变及空位缺陷对SrF2在高压下光学性质的影响

本文采用第一性原理方法, 计算了SrF2的理想晶体和含锶、氟空位点缺陷晶体在100 GPa压力范围内的光学性质. 吸收谱数据表明, 压力因素引起的两个结构相变对SrF2的吸收谱均有影响: 第一个相变将导致其吸收边蓝移, 第二个相变将导致其吸收边红移. 空位点缺陷的存在将使得SrF2的吸收边红移, 其中氟空位点缺陷引起的红移行为更显著. 尽管如此, 这些红移并未使得SrF2晶体在可见光区出现光吸收的现象(是透明的). 波长在532 nm处的折射率数据指明, 在SrF2的三个结构相区, 其折射率均随压力的增加而增大, 且SrF2的高压结构相变也使得其折射率增大. 锶空位点缺陷将导致SrF2的折射率降低, 但氟空位点缺陷的存在对其基本没有影响. 分析表明, SrF2晶体有成为冲击窗口材料的可能.     

相变及空位缺陷对CaF2在高压下光学性质的影响

本文采用第一性原理方法, 计算了CaF2的理想晶体和含钙、氟空位点缺陷晶体在100 GPa压力范围内的光吸收谱和折射率. 吸收谱数据表明, 压力因素诱导的两个结构相变对 CaF2的吸收谱均有影响: 第一个相变将导致其吸收边蓝移, 而第二个相变却引起其吸收边红移. 钙空位点缺陷会使得CaF2的吸收边微弱蓝移, 但氟空位点缺陷却导致其吸收边有显著的红移. 然而, 这些红移的行为并未使得CaF2晶体在250-1000 nm的波段范围内出现光吸收的现象（是透明的）. 532 nm处的折射率数据显示, 在 CaF2的三个结构相区（Fm3m、Pnma、P63/mmc相区）, 其折射率均随压力增大而增加; 同时, 高压结构相变以及氟空位点缺陷也使得CaF2的折射率增大, 但钙空位点缺陷却导致其折射率减小. 数据分析表明, CaF2晶体有成为冲击窗口材料的可能, 本文所获得的信息对未来的实验研究有参考价值.     

Enforcing Thermal Entanglement of Three Coupled Qubits by Dissipation

The stationary state entanglement in a chain with three spins is reported. Each of spins couples to its own separate bosonic reservoir. The master equation for such spins’ system is derived under the Born-Markovian approximation. The result presents that the coupling between the middle spin and its bosonic bath in some special temperature region reinforce the entanglement between the spins. By analyzing the heat current between the middle spin and its bosonic bath, we find a tight relationship between the direction of heat current from the middle spin to its bosonic bath and the reinforcement of the entanglement. The entanglement increases with the heat current between the middle spin and its bosonic bath almost linearly.     

On the aeroelastic instability of two-dimensional panels in uniform incompressible flow

A theoretical and experimental study is presented of the aeroelastic instability of a panel with various boundary conditions on its leading and trailing edges, exposed to air flow over its upper surface or on both sides. The flow is incompressible and two-dimensional (no span-wise deformation of the panel). The case of a panel clamped at its leading edge and free at its trailing edge is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. Agreement between theory and experiment is fair. The aerodynamic theory of steady non-circulatory flow is applied for panels fixed at both ends, and the quasi-steady and full unsteady aerodynamic lifting theories to a cantilevered panel (free at the trailing edge). The analogy with incompressible flow through a long slender tube is pointed out. Theory shows that a panel with both ends fixed loses its stability by divergence, while the instability of a cantilevered panel is of a flutter type. The latter is also confirmed experimentally.     

Systematic design of single-mode coupled-resonator optical waveguides in photonic crystals

By establishing a direct relation between the dispersion and the field profile of a coupled-resonator optical waveguide (CROW) and those of its constituent cavities, we present a systematic method for the design of a single-mode CROW and for control of its dispersion. The procedure includes the design of a single-mode cavity and control of its frequency by engineering its structure. Then, by chaining these cavities in the proper direction and at an appropriate distance, we achieve the desired dispersion for the CROW.     

一类与椭圆和矩形相关的孔径的夫琅禾费衍射研究

依据一类与椭圆和矩形相关的几何形状孔径的数学模型及其傅里叶变换，得出了其夫琅禾费衍射光场分布的一维积分表达式及其衍射图样，应用特征说明；在椭圆和矩形的特例情况下，其夫琅禾费衍射解析解与其他献相一致；通过分析衍射图样的特征，指出了边的形状和角的存在与否对衍射图样有着巨大的影响。     

C波段球体目标系的瑞利复合散射特性

在C波段研究了一对介质球体目标的瑞利复合电磁散射特性, 得到了目标复合散射截面解析式, 验证了所得结果的正确性; 研究了入射波极化状态、目标距离、目标大小、介电常数等因素对复合散射截面的影响, 结果表明, 邻近目标对本目标散射的影响具有偶极辐射的特点, 主目标的复合散射截面是邻近目标的大小、介电常数及其位置等因素的函数; 结果为目标散射截面的准确测量、电磁相互作用等奠定了理论基础。     

鸡冠花炒炭前后的XRD及FTIR光谱分析

比较鸡冠花炒炭前后XRD及IR光谱特征,探讨XRD及IR光谱对鸡冠花炒炭前后鉴别的意义。运用XRD光谱及IR二阶导数光谱,对不同产地鸡冠花炒炭前后进行光谱分析。鸡冠花及鸡冠花炭的XRD图比IR二阶导数谱差异更明显。XRD光谱技术可以对鸡冠花及鸡冠花炭进行直接、快速、有效的鉴别,可为鸡冠花及鸡冠花炭鉴别和质量控制提供可靠依据。     

Elasticity and shape equation of a liquid membrane

The density of the elastic energy of a deformed membrane in a liquid state is calculated. The thermodynamic equilibrium of its different parts is taken into account. The shape equation of a closed membrane is deduced. The quantity which keeps its value, when the variations of the energy of the system are calculated, is not the area of the deformed membrane, but its area in the flat tension free state. Because of this, additional terms appear in the second variation around the stable state. The case of a lipid bilayer and its fluctuations is examined for both free and blocked exchange of molecules between the monolayers, comprising the bilayer. Received 4 February 2002 / Received in final form 15 April 2002 Published online 2 October 2002 RID="a" ID="a"e-mail: bivas@issp.bas.bg     

Theoretical and experimental studies of parameter estimation based on chaos feedback synchronization

In this paper, we perform theoretical and experimental studies of parameter estimation based on chaos feedback synchronization. The Chua chaotic system is applied as the original system, and its time series of a single variable is applied as a feedback variable to drive a simulative system. The simplex method is employed to minimize the synchronization error in the simulative system to iteratively approach the original system parameters. Furthermore, the effects of feedback function, feedback weight, and noise are investigated. The parameter estimation method based on feedback synchronization shows its robustness to noise perturbation. Finally, the circuit experiment of parameter estimation is implemented in order to examine its practical applicability. The original Chua circuit parameters can be well approached from its recorded time series of a single variable. The results show the parameter estimation method based on feedback synchronization may be capable of estimating real system parameters from a chaotic time series.     

激光陀螺捷联惯组减振系统动力学特性研究

针对振动环境下激光惯组减振系统的线位移和角位移耦合问题,提出了一种减振器关于其惯性主轴的八点对称布局的减振方案.基于多体动力学理论,建立了激光陀螺捷联惯组减振系统的动力学模型,进行了其减振系统的动力学特性仿真研究.结果表明,该方案可以消除激光惯组减振系统的线位移和角位移耦合关系,满足激光惯组的减振要求,从而获得比较理想...     

高频共振预探测多脉冲激光测距方法

在无合作目标激光测距中,提出了一种高频共振预探测和多脉冲相关处理对远目标距离进行高精度测量的技术方案.脉冲回波光电流信号经高频共振预探测电路进行放大滤波处理并转换为包含高精度定时特征点的高信噪比的双极性衰减振荡脉冲信号;之后利用多脉冲相关处理构造出的新脉冲函数进一步改善其信噪比.理论计算结果表明:最小可探测光脉冲电流仅为17 nA,与直接探测脉冲方法相比信噪比可提高60倍;在回波光电流脉冲峰值1:10000的动态范围内,走离误差小于0.1 ps.根据此原理研制出了脉冲激光测距仪,仪器在激光发射平均功率约为1 mW时,无合作目标测程大于2000 m,在1.5—300 m范围内测距精度达到±(3 mm+2 ppm),远目标测距精度为±(10 mm+10 ppm).该测距仪系统已用于全站仪产品中.     

Noise barriers with varying cross-section optimized by genetic algorithms

The efficiency of a noise barrier largely depends on its geometry. Besides the height of the barrier and its top element form, the cross-section of the barrier contributes to its performance as well. The Boundary Element Method is often used as the numerical tool for simulating the behavior of proposed barrier shapes, both in 2D and 3D spaces. This paper deals with the optimization of barrier cross-section, not only by taking into account its acoustical performance (sound insertion loss), but also considering the economic feasibility of using various materials and various shapes for building the barrier. Therefore, the economic feasibility coefficient is defined and used as a final numerical value for comparing the overall efficiency of barrier design. The optimization process is done by using a genetic algorithm. Five basic forms of barrier elements and five building materials were pre-defined and characterized for the optimization process. The number of candidate units in the starting population was varied in order to examine the influence of population size on the final results. Barrier performance was evaluated for a point sound source in a 3D simulation space, and both its total rating based on the economic feasibility coefficient and its acoustical performance itself were evaluated and compared to a reference concrete barrier of the same height.     

粉碎电磁波的性质和应用

粉碎电磁波是一种新的电磁波,是由无穷个源以无穷个相位在一个局部范围内发射的波,它与普通电磁波有完全不同的性质,波动性几乎已消失,而以粒子性为主,这样它穿透导体的能力几乎大了一百倍.同时它的传播是以粒子扩散方式进行的,具有一种保持在地球原来位置的特性,因此它具有与运动载体反方向运动的趋势. 关键词： 粉碎电磁波 谐振子 反向运动     

Efficient Thickness of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Composite Electrode

利用一个物理模型计算了固体氧化物燃料电池复合电极的有效厚度. 此模型考虑了复合电极内部的电化学反应,电子和离子的传递,以及电极的微结构. 电极的有效厚度对应于电极性能最优时电极的理论厚度,经过模型计算表明此厚度同时为电荷转移电阻率、有效离子(电子)电阻率以及单位体积内三相线长度的函数. 通过与实验数据比较验证了模型的可用性. 通过模拟表明电极成分、粒子大小、电极材料的本征电阻率、不同的操作温度以及电极反应的机理都影响着复合电极的有效厚度.     

自仿集的势论和分析性质

研究了关于自仿集上电荷分布的势论及有关分析性质。指出电荷分布、势及其Fourier变换的构造性质;明确给出了三分Cantor集上二项分布及其矩、Fourier变换、势的具体表达式;并给出一些数值结果。     

Speciation of Organo Lead Compounds by T.L.C. and High Performance Liquid Chromatorgraphy-Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy Decomposition of TEL in Sea Water

The environmental and physiological effects of lead are not only dependent upon its concentration, but its chemical form. Elemental analysis for the total concentration of lead in a sample by atomic absorption provides only part of the information needed to help determine its toxicity. The importance of speciation, cannot be over-emphasized.     

Finite-time quantum thermodynamic processes

We study a single quantum object subject to a parametrized distortion of its discrete spectrum and to a parametrized change of its state, which remains diagonal in its invariant energy eigenbasis. The Carnot and the Otto cycle are investigated in the quasistatic as well as in the dynamic (finite time) regime. The second law is found to be valid as a result of this control, irrespective of the type of attractor states chosen. For specific control functions analytical results are obtained for the work, heat, and efficiency. The influence of dissipation is discussed.     

Diamond. Part 1

In this, the first of two articles on diamond, a review is given of its hardness, its sources, its fabrication and of many of its uses as a technological material. Some examples of etched diamond surfaces, growth features, surface polish and percussion marks are illustrated. The history of man-made diamonds is briefly reviewed.

In part 2, which will follow later, aspects to be treated will include absorption spectra, semi-conductivity, diamond counters and irradiation defects.