聚氧化乙烯-聚苯乙烯-聚氧化乙烯三嵌段共聚物/聚苯醚共混物的相容性和结晶行为

本工作对聚氧化乙烯-聚苯乙烯-聚氧化乙烯(PEO-PS-PEO)三嵌段共聚物与聚苯醚(PPO)均聚物共混物的相容性及结晶行为进行了研究。结果表明,共混体系的相容性与嵌段共聚物中苯乙烯段的含量有关,PS含量越高,PPO与共聚物PS段的相容性越好。共混体系的结晶行为也明显不同于一般均聚物共混体系。在DSC降温结晶过程中最多可出现三个结晶峰。     

聚氧化乙烯-聚苯乙烯-聚氧化乙烯三嵌段共聚物/聚苯醚共混物的相容性和结晶行为

 本工作对聚氧化乙烯-聚苯乙烯-聚氧化乙烯(PEO-PS-PEO)三嵌段共聚物与聚苯醚(PPO)均聚物共混物的相容性及结晶行为进行了研究。结果表明,共混体系的相容性与嵌段共聚物中苯乙烯段的含量有关,PS含量越高,PPO与共聚物PS段的相容性越好。共混体系的结晶行为也明显不同于一般均聚物共混体系。在DSC降温结晶过程中最多可出现三个结晶峰。     

微量聚四氢呋喃-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/聚四氢呋喃共混体系稀固体溶液中共聚物胶束的抑制成核作用

本工作将Leibler、Whitmore和Mayes等近期关于非晶嵌段共聚物共混体系胶束理论应用于结晶嵌段共聚物共混体系的熔融态,对聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯-聚四氢呋喃两嵌段共聚物与聚四氢呋喃均聚物共混体系的结晶行为进行了研究.结果表明,很低的共聚物浓度(如1％),其胶束在共混体系的结晶过程中即可显著地起到抑制成核的作用.这对改善结晶均聚物的形态及性能有一定的应用价值.     

微量聚四氢呋喃-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/聚四氢呋喃共混体系稀固体溶液中共聚物胶束的抑制成核作用

 本工作将Leibler、Whitmore和Mayes等近期关于非晶嵌段共聚物共混体系胶束理论应用于结晶嵌段共聚物共混体系的熔融态,对聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯-聚四氢呋喃两嵌段共聚物与聚四氢呋喃均聚物共混体系的结晶行为进行了研究.结果表明,很低的共聚物浓度(如1％),其胶束在共混体系的结晶过程中即可显著地起到抑制成核的作用.这对改善结晶均聚物的形态及性能有一定的应用价值.     

微量PEO-PS-PEO/PEO共混体系结晶过程中共聚物胶束的成核作用

本工作将Leibler等近期关于含非晶两嵌段共聚物“稀固体溶液”的胶束理论推广并应用到含结晶三嵌段共聚物的“稀固体溶液”.对微量聚氧化乙烯-聚苯乙烯-聚氧化乙烯三嵌段共聚物/聚氧化乙烯均聚物共混体系的结晶行为进行了研究.结果表明,共聚物胶束在共混体系的结晶过程中可以起到成核剂的作用.这对改善结晶均聚物的性能具有一定的应用价值.     

微量PEO-PS-PEO/PEO共混体系结晶过程中共聚物胶束的成核作用

 本工作将Leibler等近期关于含非晶两嵌段共聚物“稀固体溶液”的胶束理论推广并应用到含结晶三嵌段共聚物的“稀固体溶液”.对微量聚氧化乙烯-聚苯乙烯-聚氧化乙烯三嵌段共聚物/聚氧化乙烯均聚物共混体系的结晶行为进行了研究.结果表明,共聚物胶束在共混体系的结晶过程中可以起到成核剂的作用.这对改善结晶均聚物的性能具有一定的应用价值.     

PTHF-b-PMMA/PVC共混体系的相容性和结晶行为

研究了具有焓效应的聚四氢呋喃-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯两嵌段共聚物与聚氯乙烯PTHF-b-PMMA/PVC)共混体系的相容性和结晶行为. 结果表明, 其相容性比AB/A型嵌段共聚物共混体系的相容性要好得多; 与PTHF部分相容的PVC对PTHF微区的结晶行为可产生很大的影响. 应用有关理论和模型很好地解释了结晶行为的这种变化.     

环氧丙烷聚醚三元醇/左旋聚乳酸三枝链嵌段共聚物的结晶行为

采用DSC对环氧丙烷聚醚三元醇/左旋聚乳酸三枝链嵌段共聚物(PPO-b-PLLA)的熔体结晶行为进行了研究. 在388～407 K范围内, 分别采用Avrami方程和Arrhenius方程进行了结晶动力学计算. Avrami指数n值约为2.2, 表明共聚物以二维生长方式进行晶体生长. 基于LH结晶理论, 对三枝链嵌段共聚物的结晶机理进行了探讨. 实验发现该体系共聚物的Regime II和Regime III转变温度随着n(PO)∶n(LA)的增大而变化, Kg (III)/Kg (II)＝2.0～2.2, 与LH理论预期值吻合. 实验结果表明三枝链的PPO链段对PLLA链段的结晶有很大影响, 使其成核较均聚物困难. 链折叠自由能σe和链折叠功q均高于PLLA的值.     

聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯－聚四氢呋喃两嵌段共聚物／聚四氢呋喃共混体系的相容性和结晶行为

报道了对嵌段共聚物结晶型共混体系结晶行为的研究．通过对聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯－聚四氢呋喃两嵌段共聚物／聚四氢呋喃共混体系的研究，我们发现１．微相分离结构的存在，可使相容的这类体系形成多种特殊的结晶形态；２．共混体系的相容性可以方便地由其结晶行为来判断；３．共混体系中共聚物的结晶能力显著提高．这些特点都明显不同于一般的聚合物共混体系．     

在含嵌段共聚物的“稳固体溶液”中决定共聚物胶束作用的诸因素

在含嵌段共聚物可结晶型“稀固体溶液”的结晶过程中,我们已发现共聚物胶束既可起着成核剂的作用,也可起抑制成核数目的作用.本文根据进一步的研究结果,论述了共聚物胶束是起着成核剂的作用,还是起抑制成核作用或对体系的成核行为无影响主要取决于共聚物和均聚物的相对结晶能力及共混体系的相容性.     

Crystallization of micelles and matrix in dilute diblock copolymer/homopolymer solutions

The crystallization, morphology, and crystalline structure of dilute solid solutions of tetrahydrofuran–methyl methacrylate diblock copolymer (PTHF-b-PMMA) in poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and PTHF have been studied with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray, and optical microscopy. This study provides a new insight into the crystallization behavior of block copolymers. For the dilute PTHF-b-PMMA/PEO system containing only 2 to 7 wt % of PTHF content, crystallization of the PTHF micellar core was detected both on cooling and on heating. Compared the crystallization of the PTHF in the dilute solutions with that in the pure copolymer, it was found that the crystallizability of the PTHF micellar core in the solution is much greater than that of the dispersed PTHF microdomain in the pure copolymer. The stronger crystallizability in the solution was presumably due to a softened PMMA corona formed in the solution of the copolymer with PEO. However, the “soft” micelles formed in the solution (meaning that the glass transition temperatures (T_g) of the micelle is lower than the T_m of the matrix phase) showed almost no effects on the spherulitic morphology of the PEO component, compared with that of the pure PEO sample. In contrast, significant effects of the micelles with a “hard” PMMA core (meaning that the T_g of the core is higher than the T_m of the PTHF homopolymer) on the nucleation, crystalline structure, and spherulitic morphology were observed for the dilute PTHF-b-PMMA/PTHF system. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 36: 2961–2970, 1998     

活性正离子聚合及原位制备聚醋酸乙烯酯-g-聚四氢呋喃共聚物/纳米银复合材料

通过将烯丙基溴/高氯酸银引发体系引发四氢呋喃活性正离子开环聚合与"grafting onto"合成方法相结合,原位制备了不同接枝密度和接枝链长度的新型聚醋酸乙烯酯-g-聚四氢呋喃接枝共聚物(PVAc-g-PTHF)及其与纳米银(Ag)的复合材料.采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、核磁共振波谱(1H-NMR)和多角度激光光散射-黏度-凝胶渗透色谱仪(MALLS-VIS-GPC)分别表征了该接枝共聚物的化学结构、共聚组成、分子量、分子量分布、接枝支链数目及支化度,采用原子力显微镜(AFM)、示差扫描量热分析(DSC)、偏光显微镜(POM)研究了接枝共聚物中接枝支链数目及支链长度对其微观形态、单端受限链段结晶行为的影响,并探讨了该纳米复合材料的抗菌性能.结果表明:所制备的不同支链数目和支链长度的PVAc-g-PTHF/Ag纳米复合材料,均表现出良好的抗菌性能;接枝共聚物PVAc-g-PTHF的重均分子量可达4.52×10~5,分子分子量较窄(M_w/M_n~1.8),支化因子可达0.19.接枝共聚物PVAc-g-PTHF可形成明显的相分离结构,其微观形态与接枝支链数目有关;相比相同分子量的双端不受限的PTHF链,PVAc-g-PTHF接枝共聚物中单端受限PTHF支链的结晶速率明显降低;在确定接枝支链数目的情况下,随着支链中PTHF链段长度增加,其结晶逐渐增强,结晶熔融温度及熔融焓均稍有增加.     

Synthesis and properties of polyetheretherketone–polydimethylsiloxane block copolymers

Polyetheretherketone-polydimethylsiloxane (PEEK–PDMS) block copolymers were synthesized from the condensation of dimethylamino terminated PDMS and hydroxy terminated PEEK oligomers in 1-chloronapthalene. Yields for block copolymers synthesised from low molecular weight PDMS oligomers were good but yields were significantly reduced when higher molecular weight PDMS oligomers were used. This was related to the limited solubility of higher molecular weight PDMS in the reaction solvent. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies indicated that phase separation of the block copolymers occurred at very short segment length (M?_n < 4000). A depression in the crystallinity of both the PEEK and PDMS phases in the block copolymer was observed. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies indicated that the PEEK–PDMS block copolymers displayed insufficient thermo-oxidative stability to be melt-processed successfully in PEEK based blends.     

聚苯乙烯-b-聚2(5)-乙烯基对(间)苯二甲酸二钠嵌段共聚物的合成及其对PET结晶行为的影响

通过原子转移自由基聚合合成了线形及三臂聚苯乙烯-b-聚2(5)-乙烯基对(间)苯二甲酸二钠嵌段共聚物,通过凝胶渗透色谱、核磁共振和热失重表征证实得到了结构明确、分散度较窄的嵌段共聚物成核剂.采用熔融共混的方法制得聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)与成核剂共混样品.采用差示扫描量热仪与一维X射线衍射仪研究了PET及添加成核剂后...     

Nanocrystallization-locked Network of Poly(styrene-b-isobutylene-b-styrene)-g-Polytetrahydrofuran Block Graft Copolymer

Poly(styrene-b-isobutylene-b-styrene) triblock copolymer(SIBS), a kind of thermoplastic elastomer with biocompatibility and biostability containing fully saturated soft segments, could be synthesized via living cationic copolymerization. A novel poly[(styrene-comethylstyrene)-b-isobutylene-b-(styrene-co-methylstyrene)]-g-polytetrahydrofuran(M-SIBS-g-PTHF) block graft copolymer was prepared to increase the polarity and service temperature of SIBS by grafting polar PTHF segments onto SIBS. A series of the above block graft copolymers with average grafting numbers from 2 to 6 and molecular weights of PTHF branches ranging from 200 g·mol~(-1) to 4200 g·mol~(-1) were successfully synthesized via living cationic ring-opening polymerization of tetrahydrofuran(THF) coinitiated by AgClO_4. The introduction of PTHF branches led to an obvious microphase separation due to thermodynamic incompatibility among the three kinds of segments of polyisobutylene(PIB),polystyrene(PS) and PTHF. Moreover, the microphase separation promotes the rearrangement of PTHF branches to form the nanocrystallizationlocked physically cross-linked network after storage at room temperature for 2 months, leading to insolubility of the copolymers even in good solvents. The melting temperature and enthalpy of PTHF nanocrystallization locked in hard domains of M-SIBS-g_5-PTHF~(-1).1 k block graft copolymer increased remarkably up to 153 °C and 117.0 J·g~(-1) by 23 °C and 11.6 J·g~(-1) respectively after storage for long time. Storage modulus(G')is higher than loss modulus(G') of M-SIBS-g-PTHF block graft copolymer at temperatures ranging from 100 °C to 180 °C, which is much higher than those of the SIBS triblock copolymer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of high performance M-SIBS-g-PTHF block graft copolymers containing segments of PIB, PS and PTHF with nanocrystallization-locked architecture.     

Raman,X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry studies of the melt-induced changes in uncompatibilized and compatibilized blends of high-density polyethylene and nylon 12

The crystallinity of non-molten and pre-molten uncompatibilized and compatibilized polymer blends of high density polyethylene (HDPE)/Nylon 12 have been investigated by using FT-Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). The FT-Raman, DSC, and WAXD measurements have revealed that the crystallinity of HDPE of both uncompatibilized and compatibilized blends increases upon melting except for the compatibilized blend with the Nylon 12 content of 80 wt%. The degree of the increase is significantly larger for the uncompatibilized blends than the compatibilized blends. The FT-Raman data suggests that the crystallinity of the compatibilized blend with the Nylon 12 content of 80 wt% decreases slightly after melting. It is very likely that the compatibilized polymer blends are well oriented during the melting and molding process by an extruder because of the existence of maleic anhydride (MAH)-grafted copolymer as a compatibilizer. In contrast, it seems that the uncompatibilized polymer blends are not so much oriented and have more amorphous phase in the Nylon 12 rich region before melting. Thus, the melting process induces a recrystallization process.     

聚乙烯醇/聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮共混体系的结晶行为

用DSC、WAXD和SAXS研究了聚乙烯醇(PVAl)/聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVP)共混体系的结晶行为.PVAl的结晶度随PVP含量增加而减少,并存在结晶度为零的组成(PVAl)的重量分数约为50％.与纯PVAl相比,共混物的温度区间T_m-T_g减小,表明PVP对PVAl的结晶起抑制作用.共混物中PVAl的结晶速度下降,具体表现为PVAl过冷区随PVP含量增加而扩大,动力学速度常数减小,球晶增长速度下降.纯PVAl和共混体系的等温结晶速率均遵循Avrami方程.退火样品的长周期、片晶厚度和过渡层厚度大于相同组成未退火样品.两者长周期随PVP含量增长加显著增大,片晶厚度增长次之,过渡层厚度变化不大.