反-4-(反-4′-丙基环己基)环己基甲酸的新合成方法

环己烷类液晶具有较高的相变温度和较低的粘度,克服了目前仍广泛使用的联苯类液晶相变温度低、粘度大、响应速度较慢的缺点,这类液晶材料已日益成为中高档混合液晶材料不可缺少的有效组分[1]. 反-4-(反-4′-丙基环己基)环己基甲酸(trans-3HHA)是合成这类液晶材料很重要的中间体,因此,它的合成具有重要应用价值. Trans-3HHA合成需经2步反应:加氢和异构化. 加氢反应以4-(反-4′-丙基环己基)苯甲酸(3HPA)为反应物,在加氢催化剂存在下,生成包含trans-3HHA和顺-4-(反-4′-丙基环己基)环己基甲酸(cis-3HHA)2种异构体的混合物(合称3HHA). 其中反式异构体trans-3HHA含量很低,必须进行异构化反应,使cis-3HHA转变为trans-3HHA. 文献报道有几种方法,如顺式或顺反-4-烷基环己基甲酸混合物在盐酸水溶液[2]、氢化钠乙醇溶液[3]和氢氧化钠水溶液[4]中,加热进行异构化反应. 但得到的产物反式与顺式异构体质量比都在75∶ 25～85∶ 15之间,需经多次重结晶才能得到反式异构体,产率低于70%. 本文以氢氧化钾为催化剂,加氢产物3HHA在无溶剂的条件下进行异构化,产物反式与顺式异构体质量比达到98∶ 2,产率＞90%.     

N-[γ-(二烷基氨基)烷基]全氟丁基酰胺类表面活性剂的合成及其表面活性

以全氟丁酸为原料,通过酰化与酰胺化反应合成了新型中间体[C4F7ONH(CH2)n N(CH3)2(n=2或3)](3和4);3或4分别与四种不同碳链长度的溴代烷烃经季铵化反应合成了两类共8个新型的N-[γ-(二烷基氨基)烷基]全氟丁基酰胺类阳离子含氟表面活性剂(6a~6d和7a~7d),其结构经1H NMR表征。表面活性测定结果表明,6和7水溶液的表面张力在22.251 mN·m-1~33.301 mN·m-1,CMC在37.8 mmol·L-1~49.5 mmol·L-1,最小截面积在0.607 nm2~0.626 nm2。     

三有机锡(4R)-3-[[(2S)-5-氧-2-吡咯烷基]羰基]-4-噻唑烷甲酸酯的合成、结构和体外抗癌活性

利用三有机锡氢氧化物和手性配体(4R)-3-[[(2S)-5-氧-2-吡咯烷基]羰基]-4-噻唑烷甲酸(HL)反应合成了3个三有机锡(4R)-3-[[(2S)-5-氧-2-吡咯烷基]羰基]-4-噻唑烷甲酸酯R3SnL[1,R=c-C6H11(a),C6H5(b),C6H5C(CH3)2CH2(c)],通过元素分析、IR、1H NMR和X-射线单晶衍射表征了其结构。化合物1a属正交晶系,P212121空间群;化合物1b属单斜晶系,P21空间群。二者均为由羧基氧和内酰胺羰基氧桥联配位形成的右螺旋链状有机锡配位聚合物,锡原子具有五配位[SnC3O2]畸变三角双锥构型。化合物1a和1b对体外2种人癌细胞Colo205和Bcap37增殖均有强的抑制作用,其活性为1b1a。     

Crystal Structure And Magnetic Property of the Complex of Hydrogen-bonded Two-dimensional Layer Copper(Ⅱ) Acrylate with Trimethyl Phosphate

Coopper carboxylate complexes play an important role in catalysing the enzymatic activi-ties[1— 4] ,and the phosphate has an especial use in DNA recognition[5] .Indeed the reportabout copper carboxylate complexes with phosphate ligands is rare. A chain structuresupramolecule [Cu2 (CH2 CH— COO) 4 (H2 O) 2 ] n has been reported recently[6] ,in which aCu2 (CH2 CH—COO) 4 (H2 O) 2 unitislinked by four O(water)—H…O(carboxyl) hydrogenbonds with two adjacentunits(Fig.1 ) .In this work …     

对-2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟戊氧基苯甲酸胆固醇酯的合成和液晶相变研究

液晶显示技术中主要应用的是向列相液晶,但是向列相液晶显示模式几乎已接近极限,从TN到STN直至TRF,对其应用没有新的理论模式.因而,人们将目光转移到了近晶相液晶上,目前各近晶相中的手性近晶C相,即铁电相引起人们广泛兴趣.铁电液晶具备向列相液晶所不具备的高速度(微秒级)和记忆性的优异特征,它们在最近几年得到大量研究.含氟链分子容易形成近晶A相和近晶C相,常作铁电液晶配方.这些铁电液晶(FLC)化合物包含一个或多个手性中心,而甾体可作为廉价的手性源,其衍生物有形成铁电相的可能.虽然理论已经预测到铁电现象在非手性液晶中也是可能的,但实际上长期以来铁电性只在手性分子的SmC*相中被发现.如Vill等[1]报道过包含一个长烷基链的甾类液晶,即对十六烷基苯甲酸胆甾醇酯和对十六环氧苯基碳酸盐,均显示了单变铁电性.Janulis等[2]已经列举(CH2)n作为氟化链和刚性核之间的空间间隔对获得介晶C相有利.我们在此报道对-2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟戊氧基苯甲酸胆固醇酯的合成及其液晶相变研究的结果.     

辅酶B_(12)模型化合物研究 Ⅹ.Costa型模型化合物的合成、表征及电化学性质研究

合成了以 N,N′-双 (2 ,3-丁二酮 - 2 -亚胺 - 3-肟 )丙二胺为平面配体的烷基钴 Schiff碱一肟类 (Costa型 )模型化合物 [RCo(DO) (DOH) pn(H2 O) ] X,(R=n- C3 H7,n- C4H9,i- C4H9,n-C5H1 1 ,c- C6H1 1 ,CH2 C6H5.X=Cl O4-,PF-6)。用元素分析、紫外可见光谱和 1 H NMR进行了表征 ,并用循环伏安法研究了 [RCo(DO) (DOH) pn.H2 O] .Cl O4(R为上述六种烷基 )化合物的电化学性质 ,表明随烷基 R推电子能力增强 ,其氧化还原电位变负。     

二维层状磷酸亚磷酸钒(Ⅳ)化合物[V_2O_2(OH)(HPO_3)(HPO_3)_(0·7)(PO_3OH)_(0·3)]·(C_6N_2H_(16))_(0·5)的水热合成与结构表征

迄今,在中温水热条件下已合成了大量具有空旷骨架结构的过渡金属磷酸盐微孔材料[1],这类材料在非线性光学材料、磁性材料、超导材料及催化等诸多方面具有潜在的应用前景[2~5].自从第一个以有机胺为模板的磷钒氧化合物[(CH3)2NH2]K4[V10O10(H2O)2(OH)4(PO4)7]·4H2O[6]的合成以来,又有几十种结构的磷钒氧化合物被报道.但以亚磷酸为结构基元构筑的磷钒氧化合物的报道较少.1995年,Zubieta等[7]报道了以哌嗪为模板剂的两个亚磷酸钒化合物[HN(Me)(CH2CH2)2N·(Me)H][(VO)4(OH)2(HPO3)4]和[H2N(CH2CH2)2NH2][(VO)3(HPO3)4(H2O…     

一种新型甲壳型液晶高分子的设计与合成

甲壳型液晶高分子是我国科学家最早设计和合成、受到国际学术界广泛关注的一类新型液晶高分子[1～ 6 ] .迄今已合成出 1 0个系列 1 0 0多种甲壳型液晶高分子 ,其中多数以乙烯基氢醌 [7] 、乙烯基对苯二胺 [8] 、乙烯基对苯二甲酸 [9] 和 2 -羟基 - 5-氨基苯乙烯 [10 ] 为关键中间体 .液晶核由 3个苯环以— COO—或— CONH—连接而成 .由于— COO—和— CONH—易与阳离子和阴离子相互作用 ,故已报道的甲壳型液晶高分子都是由自由基聚合反应制得 ,而很难用离子型聚合反应合成 .本文设计合成了一类未见文献报道的小分子液晶化合物 ,由此…     

g-取代的b-二酮酯及其吡唑、异噁唑衍生物的合成与液晶性能研究

合成并表征了g-取代的b-二酮酯[ 4-(4-正辛烷基丙烯酸酯基)苯甲酸2,4-二氧代-3-戊基酯1] 及其吡唑衍生物2 和异噁唑衍生物3。通过DSC和偏光显微镜对它们的液晶性进行了研究。结果表明b-二酮酯 1 为单变向列相N液晶，而吡唑化合物2和异噁唑化合物3分别为互变近晶A相向列相N液晶。本文还讨论了结构与液晶性能之间的关系。     

两个带呋喃悬臂不对称大环双核铜配合物的合成、结构及性质(英文)

合成并表征了2个不对称大环双核铜配合物[Cu2(L1)Cl2]·CH3CN(1)和[Cu2(L2)Br2]·CH3CN·H2O(2)。配合物与CT-DNA的作用通过紫外-可见光谱,粘度实验,圆二色谱和凝胶电泳实验进行了研究。紫外-可见光谱的结果表明配合物与DNA的结合常数分别为6.2×105和7.2×105,圆二色谱的实验表明配合物能与DNA较好的结合,粘度实验表明配合物与DNA的结合为非典型的插入模式,凝胶电泳实验显示配合物通过氧化机理对DNA有较强的切割活性。     

离子色谱法测定水中4种有机酸

建立了水样中甲酸、乙酸、丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸的离子色谱测定方法,采用IonPac AS11-HC阴离子分离柱,以KOH为淋洗液,采用浓度梯度洗脱,可同时测定上述4种有机酸。方法对实际水样中甲酸、乙酸、丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸的平均加标回收率在80.2%~103.3%,相对标准偏差在5.8%之内,检出限分别为:0.005,0.003,0.005和0.004mg/L;定量下限分别为:0.020,0.012,0.020和0.016mg/L。方法准确、简便、环保,能够满足实际水样的测定需要,且水样中常见的阴离子不会对目标污染物的测定产生影响。     

Synthesis and identification of dinitro- and diaminoterephthalic acid

Dinitroterephthalic acid(DNTPA) and diaminoterephthalic acid(DATPA) were prepared in 85%and 75%yields,respectively. These compounds were characterized by using FTIR and ~1HNMR.DATPA can be used as a monomer for the preparation of polyesters and polyamides.     

Synthesis and study of (2S,4S)-4-arylamino-2-carboxy-5-pyrrolidones

(2S,4S)-4-Arylamino-2-carboxy-5-pyrrolidones were prepared by hydrolysis of dimethyl (2S,4S)-4-arylamino-N-phthaloylglutamates. The protonation constants of the arylamino group in the synthesized compounds were determined. The pyrrolidone ring is stable in acidic or neutral solutions. The relative stability of the pyrrolidone ring in alkaline solutions was studied by IR spectroscopy.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 12, pp. 2087–2090, December, 1993.     

Determination of trace anions in concentrated weak acids by ion chromatography

Ion-exclusion chromatography (ICE) followed by ion chromatography (IC) was used for the determination of trace anionic contaminants in concentrated weak acids. The ICE separation was used as a pretreatment step to isolate the contaminant anions of strong acids from the excess of matrix ions. Then a fraction containing the analyte ions was separated using IC with suppressed conductivity detection. Microbore–ion-exchange columns were chosen to address the increased purity requirements for use of these concentrated acids in semiconductor applications. The chromatographic conditions were optimized for determining trace chloride, sulfate, phosphate, and nitrate in concentrated 24.5% (v/v) hydrofluoric acid; trace chloride, sulfate, and nitrate in concentrated 85% (w/w) phosphoric acid and trace chloride and sulfate in concentrated 0.7% (v/v) glycolic acid. Method detection limits for the anions of interest were below 100 μg/l.     

Surface Functionalization of Magnetite Nanoparticles with Sulfonic Acid and Heteropoly Acid: Efficient Magnetically Recoverable Solid Acid Catalysts

New magnetically recoverable solid acid catalysts for acid‐catalyzed reactions were designed via the surface chemical functionalization of silica‐coated magnetite nanoparticles (SCMNPs) with sulfonic acid groups. First, the SCMNPs were covalently functionalized with 3‐aminopropyl groups to achieve Amp‐SCMNPs. Then, reaction of the Amp‐SCMNPs with 1,4‐butane sultone followed by acidification with phosphotungstic acid (HPW) or diluted sulfuric acid produced magnetically recoverable solid acid catalysts, HPW‐ampsul‐SCMNPs and H‐ampsul‐SCMNPs, respectively. Both catalysts were characterized by various physicochemical analyses such as Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) and inductively coupled plasma‐optical emission (ICP‐OES) spectroscopies, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX) analyses. Finally, the catalytic activities of the prepared catalysts were examined in the esterification of acetic acid with butanol and acetalization of benzaldehyde with ethylene glycol. Excellent catalytic efficiencies were obtained in both cases. The catalysts were consecutively recovered and reused five times without significant loss of their activities.     

Efficient formation of novel and versatile building blocks from mucohalic acids: new substitute for tetronic acid and γ-alkylidenebutenolide

Novel and useful building blocks were synthesized efficiently by DABCO mediated highly selective dehalogenation of Knoevenagel aldol adducts of mucochloric acid and mucobromic acid. These new compounds were found to undergo palladium catalyzed C-C bond forming reactions (Suzuki and Sonogashira cross-coupling) in high yields.     

共轭亚油酸制备方法的研究进展

依据反应机理和原料对具有生理活性的共轭亚油酸的制备与纯化方法进行了综述。详细讨论了共轭多烯酸(尤其是共轭亚油酸)的合成方法的研究进展，依据目标产物的收率、纯度及成本对合成或制备方法进行了比较和评价。     

Ionic Complexes of Polyacids and Cationic Surfactants

Comb-like ionic complexes were prepared from polyuronic acids (pectinic and alginic acids) and alkyltrimethylammonium surfactants bearing linear alkyl chains with 18, 20 and 22 carbon atoms. In the condensed state, these complexes were able to self-assemble in ordered structures which were thermally stable up to ∼200 °C. The complexes were analysed by DSC and WAXS/SAXS and compared to their analogous made from poly(γ-glutamic acid). They all adopt a biphasic layered structure in which the main chain and the alkyl side chain alternate with a nanometric periodicity. Alkyl side chains were partially crystallized in these complexes and they show reversible melting at temperatures within the 60-80 °C range depending on the length of the polymethylene segment.     

Simultaneous determination of urinary hippuric acid, o-, m- and p-methylhippuric acids, mandelic acid and phenylglyoxylic acid for biomonitoring of volatile organic compounds by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

A sensitive and precise method for the simultaneous determination of hippuric acid, o-, m- and p-methylhippuric acids, mandelic acid and phenylglyoxylic acid, which are major urinary metabolites of toluene, o-, m- and p-xylenes, styrene and ethylbenzene, respectively, was developed. These metabolites were converted into their methyl ester derivatives with methanol in hydrochloric acid, and then quantitated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with selected ion monitoring using a DB-1 capillary column. The injected compounds were quantitatively and reproducibly resolved within 19 min with a detection limit of 8-27 pg. The calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.05-25 μg for each compound, with correlation coefficients above 0.9999. This method was successfully used to analyze small amounts of both rat and human urine samples without any interference from coexisting substances. Overall recoveries of these compounds spiked in urine samples were 92-104%. The analytical results of the contents of these metabolites in the rat and human urine samples are presented.