基于USB总线的机载多脉冲激光雷达产品测试系统研制

针对现有的机载激光雷达产品测试系统不能模拟特定信噪比,且系统使用复杂的问题,开发了基于USB总线的机载多脉冲激光雷达产品测试系统;测控软件可以设定信噪比、脉冲幅值、脉冲周期等参数,并根据静态测距和动态测距的实际需要,生成静态和动态模拟数据;另外,测试系统还能够采集外场数据,并在测控计算机上存储和分析;采集和生成的数据经过USB总线发送给基于FPGA+高速D/A转换器架构的数据转换器,再输出给激光雷达产品,保证了数据传输的高速性和灵活性;经过测试表明,信噪比在3~9的情况下,产生回波信号的距离误差控制在1%以内,信号幅值误差控制在0.5%以内;测试系统的各项指标都满足实际需要,为激光雷达产品调试提供了良好的模拟仿真平台。     

12 bit 30 MSPS逐次比较型ADC的测试

针对物理实验读出的需求设计了一款低功耗12 bit 30 MSPS逐次比较型模数变换器（Analog-to-Digital Converter,ADC）芯片,为评估其性能指标参数,需进行系统的测试。在本研究工作中构建了测试系统,然后按照IEEE标准进行了系统的测试和分析。测试结果表明,输入信号在基带范围内ADC有效位（Effective Number Of Bit,ENOB）约为9 bit,达到了本版本芯片的设计指标。同时,综合分析静态性能与动态性能测试结果,可以通过优化逐次比较型ADC中电容阵列电容失配参数,进一步提升ADC的非线性指标,为下一版芯片的改进设计提供了参考依据。Aiming at the requirement of readout electronics in physics experiments, a 12 bit 30 MSPS successiveapproximation-register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with low power consumption has been designed. To evaluate the performance of this ASIC, we conducted a series of tests. We set up a test system, and we tested the ADC according to IEEE std 1241-2010. The test results indicate that the effective number of bit (ENOB) of the ADC is around 9 bits when the input signal is in the first Nyquist zone, which has met the design requirements. According to the results of dynamic and static tests of this ADC, we found that the non-linearity performance of this ASIC can be further enhanced by improving the mismatching among the capacitor array, and this provides important information for the design of the second version of this ADC.     

超导材料轴向应变性能测试平台设计

为超导材料临界电流与应力-应变测试提供稳定可靠的测试系统,使用实验室现有的超导材料拉伸装置SUPUM (Superconductor Under Mechanical-Stress)、1.2 kA直流电源、Keithley 2182纳伏表等设备,开发了一套基于Labview的超导材料轴向应力-应变与临界性能测试平台。上位机测试软件采用多线程、动态调用等方法,对伺服电机运动控制、直流电源升流控制、实时数据采集三个模块进行灵活调用,方便了实验操作。实验表明,此系统数据采集与控制过程稳定可靠,实时性好,满足超导材料轴向应力-应变与临界电流测试要求。     

转发式北斗导航卫星信号性能评估的研究与实现

北斗一代在使用过程中存在隐蔽性不良,定位实时性差等问题,为了实现北斗导航信号的性能评估,相对于以往的硬件形式,如硬件接收机、频谱分析仪、矢量网络分析仪等,提出了以软件接收机的方法对北斗导航信号进行性能评估。首先分析了转发式北斗导航信号评估的意义、内容与方法,并采用软件接收机的形式进行评估;然后研究了转发式北斗导航的信号性能评估关键技术,给出了捕获、跟踪、评估参数计算的程序流程;最后根据实测数据在Linux高性能集群系统上进行了测试验证,实现了北斗导航信号的捕获、跟踪以及评估中的评估参数计算。测试结果表明,文章中的设计方法可实现北斗导航信号性能的评估,效果良好,评估内容、指标易于调整,便于软件算法参数的测试、升级,可为后续的卫星导航信号评估以及算法测试等提供了一定的依据。     

稳像平台准确测试系统的研究和设计

对稳像平台的准确测试系统的设计和研制进行了探讨,提出了一种新的采用虚拟仪器软件Labview对前端CCD输出的图像数据进行采集和处理的稳像平台准确测试系统方案.结合稳像平台准确测试系统的具体要求阐述了对系统进行设计的理论,并对采用本方案进行实际设计时的具体步骤、参数取值、测量最大范围、误差估计以及软件设计流程给出了具体的设计方法和参数计算公式.     

基于LabVIEW的控制阀性能测试评估系统设计

控制阀在工业控制领域扮演十分重要的角色,但目前国内对控制阀性能测试评估系统的研究十分薄弱,常规的仪器仪表很难精确测试控制阀的性能。本文基于NI compactRIO硬件、各类传感器以及Labview软件开发设计了一套控制阀性能测试评估系统,该系统实现了控制阀的在线测试和功能评估,并且可将控制阀各项性能指标评估结果汇集于一张类似体检单的报表显示。采用该系统对某公司的直通气开式薄膜调节阀S9044进行了性能测试评估,实验结果表明,该系统能够精确地测试出调节阀的各项性能指标,且系统软件交互界面良好、扩展性强、精度高。     

高精度直流传感器DCCT标准测试系统

在北京正负电子对撞机二期改造工程(BEPCⅡ), 磁铁电源系统大量使用了电流型直流传感器(DCCT)作为电源的反馈和回采器件. 为了能够对DCCT的性能进行检测和校准, 设计研制了高精度直流传感器DCCT标准测试系统. 该测试系统主要由PC工控机、7.5数字万用表、超高精度直流传感器和高精度直流稳流电源构建而成. 论文中主要介绍了测试系统的功能和系统软、硬件结构, 并给出了测试系统在实际DCCT检测中的测量数据.     

ITER CC导体测试装置数据采集系统的设计与应用

系统介绍了ITER CC性能认证超导导体测试装置数据采集系统的硬件设计。该系统可以对温度、压力、流量、液位、电流、磁场、电阻、电压降等物理量进行测量,并能根据实际需要进行系统扩展。另外还对基于VC++6.0编程环境下的数据采集系统的程序设计进行了介绍。通过对软件和硬件的集成调试,该系统实现了高速高精度的数据采集。     

用高速摄影和脉冲同轴全息照相联合诊断微射流

 针对强冲击载荷下金属材料的微物质喷射中微射流的实验研究,提出了高速摄影与脉冲同轴全息照相联合诊断的测试方案,并组建了由微射流产生装置、高速摄影系统、脉冲同轴全息照相系统和高精度时序控制同步系统组成的测试系统。动态实验结果表明,高速摄影和脉冲同轴全息照相联合诊断微射流能在一次实验获得微射流的发展图像和微射流头部低动态模糊图像。     

基于PXIE的信号完整性测试系统设计

为了满足运载火箭遥测系统中信号完整性测试的需求,研制了一套基于PXIE的高速数据采集系统;该系统采用多机箱级联设计,最大采样通道数为48,单通道最高采样率达250 MS/s,数据实时存储速度高达750 MB/s;系统软件平台采用Labview开发,具有良好的人机交互性;通过试验验证,测试系统工作稳定,能较好的满足测试需求,同时该系统的设计方法为同类高速数据流盘的设计提供了一种思路。     

白光和红绿蓝光LED可调光源研制

为了提高LED光源色温和亮度的调节精度和准确度,结合色温由低向高变化时光色所呈现的渐变特点,提出了一种低色温白光LED灯珠、高色温白光LED灯珠加红绿蓝光LED灯珠补偿式调光的方法.将色温分成三个部分进行调节,每个部分选用不同的LED灯珠组合来进行调光.实验结果表明:不同组合情况下的LED光源的初始输出色温相对于目标值的偏差范围在1％以内;亮度可以在保证色温不变的情况下独立进行调节,初始输出值与目标值的偏差范围在1％以内;经过微调之后可以达到目标值;达到了色温和亮度独立调节的要求;光源发光稳定,不会因为长时间工作而影响调节精度.     

Visualization and interferometry for cylindrical and spherical sample tomography and profilometry

A technique combining image processing and laser interferometry for visualizing and detecting the deformation of transparent cylindrical and spherical sample is proposed. This deformation includes geometric deformation such as volume transition in profilometry and physical deformation such as refractive index change in tomography. Phase contour lines are used for quantitative analysis and graphical representation of the deformation. This method allows us to visually detect the spatial variation of the deformation field and to evaluate the test quality such as misalignment of optical system. A theoretical analysis using phase contour map to characterize the deformation field is described in detail. A method using phase contour map to qualify the interferometric test is proposed. Analysis of test examples is carried out. Suggestions on using phase contour line method to ameliorate test system design are finally discussed.     

Quantum and Classical Disparity and Accord

Discrepancies and accords between quantum (QM) and classical mechanics (CM) related to expectation values and periods are generally found for both the harmonic oscillator (SHO) and a free particle in a box (FPB), which may apply generally. These indicate non-locality is expected throughout QM. The FPB energy states violate the Correspondence Principle. Previously unexpected accords are found and proven that 〈x ²〉 _CM =〈x ²〉 _QM and τ _CM =τ _QMb (beat period i.e. beats between the phases for adjoining energy states) for the SHO for all quantum numbers, n. However, for the FPB the beat periods differ at small n. It is shown that a particle’s velocity in an infinite square well varies, no matter how wide the box, nor how far the particle is from the walls. The quantum free particle variances share an indirect commonality with the Aharonov-Bohm and Aharonov-Casher effects in that there is a quantum action in the absence of a force. The concept of an “Expectation Value over a Partial Well Width” is introduced. This paper raises the question as to whether these inconsistencies are undetectable, or can be empirically ascertained. These inherent variances may need to be fixed, or nature is manifestly more non-classical than expected.     

黑克、布劳、及伯曼-温采尔代数的诱导及分导系数和量子经典李代数的耦合与重新耦合系数

本文总结了计算黑克、布劳、及伯曼 温采尔代数在各种工数链下诱导及分导系数的线性方程方法(LEM)。特别强调了关于A,B,C,D型李代数及其量子情形与其中心代数之间的舒尔 魏尔 布劳双关性关系。这一关系使我们能够利用相应中心代数的诱导及分导系数计算出经典李代数及其量子情形的耦合与重新耦合系数。讨论了从该方法得到B,C,D型李代数不可约表示克罗内克积分解的应用。基于LEM还得到了处理对应于置换群CG系列问题的黑克代数张量积的方法。     

Spectroscopy and Photophysics of Iso- and Alloxazines: Experimental and Theoretical Study

We present a systematic study of the effect of methyl substitution on iso- and alloxazines in acetonitrile solutions. Substitution patterns have profound effects on both spectral and photophysical properties, with fluorescence quantum yields varying by more than an order of magnitude. TD-DFT calculation were used for the first time to correlate electronic structure changes with the substitution patterns, with good agreement between calculated and theoretical band positions and oscillator strengths. Both n-pi* and pi-pi* states in these compounds are predicted, with the oscillator strengths indicating that only the pi-pi* states should be observable in the absorption spectra. Substitution patterns are shown to be responsible for energy order inversion between these states.     

Nano and micro-scale fluid and plasma dynamics: present and future applications

In this letter, we illustrate the importance of fluid dynamics research by considering two particular areas of study: nano- and micro-scale fluid and plasma dynamics. We show how improved scientific knowledge of nano- and micro-fluid dynamics can significantly enhance our future. Application is also discussed regarding environmental aspects.     

国外超导材料技术研究政策和方向

超导材料技术是21世纪具有战略意义的高新技术,极具发展潜力和市场前景。世界各发达国家纷纷制定研发计划,给予高度重视和大力支持,加快超导材料技术的基础研究和产业化发展。主要从美国、日本、欧洲国家、韩国等国家的相关研发计划、政策以及主要科研机构的研发概况出发,阐明目前国外超导材料技术的研究政策和方向。     

Geometry and Elasticity of Strips and Flowers

We solve several problems that involve imposing metrics on surfaces. The problem of a strip with a linear metric gradient is formulated in terms of a Lagrangian similar to those used for spin systems. We are able to show that the low energy state of long strips is a twisted helical state like a telephone cord. We then extend the techniques used in this solution to two–dimensional sheets with more general metrics. We find evolution equations and show that when they are not singular, a surface is determined by knowledge of its metric, and the shape of the surface along one line. Finally, we provide numerical evidence by minimizing a suitable energy functional that once these evolution equations become singular, either the surface is not differentiable, or else the metric deviates from the target metric.     

激光跟瞄仿真系统及两种跟瞄方法

基于OpenGL和大气传输光学分析的3维全数字仿真是激光跟瞄系统的重要研究手段。为提高跟踪和瞄准精度,从激光跟瞄仿真系统整体出发,研究了目标成像中的投影变换、成像与跟踪的关系、高精度跟踪现有算法的控制过程仿真等内容,并提出了基于大视口、目标大气传输图像序列的跟瞄仿真技术。说明了仿真系统中跟瞄精度分析的特点。就某仿真场景,设计了"头部顶点"和"两点提取"两种跟瞄方法,在不同大气湍流条件下得到了它们的跟瞄精度,说明应用该激光跟瞄仿真系统,能够预先设计、测试和验证一些跟瞄方法,帮助进行算法分析和改进,从而提高工作效率和节约成本。