THEORY OF GRAVITATIONAL RADIATION OF THE(Ω,Aμr)-FIELD

Further exploration of the Ω-field theory as first proposed by Yu (1989) is here presented to cover the equation of motion of a test particle which induces gravitational radiation. The same theory is shown to contain an exact gravitational radiation equation derived as a logical consequence of field equations without extra postulates. In this general dynamic context the theory is renamed "The (Ω,A_μr) field Theory".     

离子液体作为Si3N4-Ti3SiC2摩擦副润滑剂的摩擦学性能研究

采用SRV摩擦磨损试验机在室温及100 ℃下考察了两种离子液体（L-B106 和L-P106）、丙三醇、水作为Si₃N₄-Ti₃SiC₂摩擦副润滑剂的摩擦学行为,利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）及X光电子能谱（XPS）对磨损表面进行了分析.结果表明：室温、20 N条件下,两种离子液体和丙三醇抗磨和减摩性能相当,室温、100 ℃条件下,L-P106相较于L-B106具有更好的润滑性能,且其抗磨和减摩性能均优于丙三醇,作为Si₃N₄-Ti₃SiC₂摩擦副润滑剂具有在苛刻环境条件下使用的应用前景. XPS分析结果表明：Ti₃SiC₂材料在摩擦过程中在摩擦热作用下生成了SiO_x、TiO₂,进而有效提高了Ti₃SiC₂摩擦副材料的抗磨损性能;此外,离子液体中的活性元素在Si₃N₄-Ti₃SiC₂摩擦副表面发生了复杂的摩擦化学反应,生成了由氟化钛、磷酸钛及硼酸钛等组成的具有减摩和抗磨性能的边界润滑膜.     

高速电弧喷涂NiCrBMoFe/BaF2·CaF2涂层的摩擦磨损性能研究

利用高速电弧喷涂技术制备了NiCrBMoFe和NiCrBMoFe/BaF₂·CaF₂两种复合涂层.两种涂层均含非晶相与纳米晶相,非晶相质量百分数分别达45%和33%.NiCrBMoFe涂层中纳米晶相弥散分布在非晶母相中;NiCrBMoFe/BaF₂·CaF₂涂层纳米晶相以团聚形态存在.检测了两种涂层的摩擦磨损性能.在常温下,NiCrBMoFe和NiCrBMoFe/BaF₂·CaF₂两种涂层的摩擦系数分别为0.5和0.375,后者比基体18Cr₂Ni₄WA的摩擦系数下降了25%,耐磨性能优异.在高温摩擦磨损条件下,NiCrBMoFe/BaF₂·CaF₂涂层也具有良好的耐磨性能.在450 ℃左右,涂层中BaF₂·CaF₂固体润滑相会析出涂层表面,形成一层低摩擦系数的润滑转化膜,使涂层具有良好的减摩润滑作用.     

稀土钇对Ni-W-ZrO2复合镀层性能的影响

通过脉冲电沉积技术在铝合金基体表面制备了Ni-W-ZrO₂复合镀层,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、能谱仪、维氏硬度仪、电化学工作站和马弗炉等设备分别对复合镀层的截面形貌、元素分布、表面硬度、耐蚀性和抗高温氧化性分别进行了表征和测试,研究了Y（NO₃）₃添加量对复合镀层性能的影响.研究结果表明：所制备复合镀层截面平整、成分分布均匀,基体与镀层之间结合良好,ZrO₂颗粒弥散分布于Ni-W基质金属之中,镀层厚度约为130 μm;Y（NO₃）₃的加入能显著提高复合镀层的硬度、抗高温氧化性和耐蚀性;当硝酸Y添加量为1.5 g/L时,Ni-W-ZrO₂复合镀层的综合力学性能达到最佳.     

微弧氧化陶瓷层对AZ31合金板料渐进成形的影响

利用数控试验机床(CNC)和微弧氧化处理技术,对AZ31镁合金板材热渐进成形和多孔陶瓷层润滑机理进行了研究.结果表明:镁合金表面微弧氧化多孔陶瓷层吸附固体二硫化钼颗粒,形成多孔陶瓷-二硫化钼润滑膜.在摩擦初始阶段,多孔陶瓷固体MoS ₂润滑膜的室温摩擦系数约为0.08,满足镁合金板材热渐进成形润滑和减摩条件.多孔陶瓷层为固体Mo S ₂润滑剂提供了良好润滑平台,加工件内表面光滑,且没有任何缺陷.由于陶瓷层孔中吸附大量固体Mo S ₂粉末,所研究的润滑陶瓷层在渐进成形中具有自润滑作用.与无微弧氧化处理相比,多孔陶瓷润滑层具有更好的润滑效果.     

Geodesic precession in the (Ω,A ab)-field theory

This paper aims to determine the geodesic precession in Yu’s (Ω, A_ab)-field theory[1], and to compare the result with that of the Schwarzschild orbit.     

An investigation of meterial properties of non-homogeneous cylindrically orthotropic circular plates

It has been been reported that the reduced stiffness of non-homogeneous cylindricallyorthotrpic circular plate varing exponentially with radius r is obtained by using thebending theory of a simple beamThe aim of this paper is to verify the effect of radius on the materal properties According to the flat stress-strain relation the values of material properties E_r E_a and v_θr which are the functions of radius r are obtained.Compared with the experimentalvalues the analytical values of the material properties are in essential agreement withtem.     

中频磁控溅射制备不同S/W原子比WSx薄膜的结构和摩擦学性能研究

采用中频磁控溅射制备了WS_x薄膜,通过X射线衍射 (XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)和X射线光电子能谱 (XPS)对其结构进行了分析,采用纳米压入仪(Triboindenter)和真空球-盘摩擦试验机分别考察了薄膜的力学性能和摩擦磨损性能.结果表明:改变溅射功率密度和气压,将引起选择性溅射与薄膜氧化程度的变化,致使薄膜S/W原子比随之变化,薄膜的S/W原子比随着溅射功率密度的增加先减小后增大,而随着溅射气压的增大逐渐增大.薄膜S/W原子比较低时,薄膜W含量较高,薄膜结构较致密、硬度较高,但摩擦系数较大、耐磨性能较差;随着S/W原子比的增大,薄膜中WS₂含量显著增加,W含量明显下降,摩擦系数降低,耐磨性能明显改善.     

THE SOLUTION TO THE DESTABILIZING CRITICAL LOAD OF CIRCULAR DOUBLE ARTICULATED ARCH UNDER GOING VERTICAL DISTRIBUTIVE LOAD g0/cos2θ

In this paper, after taking the effect of axis force on bending into consideration, the general potential energy for the circular double articulated arch is established undergoing vertical distributive load g₀/cos²θ. With sufficient engineering precision, the fourth approximations to the destabilizing critical load of the arch under t his load are obtained by Ritz method. The approximations to the critical load ta ble are listed for various center angles of arch, and are contrasted with the critical load circular arch undergoing radial uniform load. Some reference results have been obtained.     

The fractal research and predicating on the times series of sunspot relative number

In this paper, with the theory of nonlinear dynamic systems, It is analyzed that the dynamic behavior and the predictabilityfor the monthly mean variationsof the sunspot relative number recorded from January 1891 to December 1996. Inthe progress, the fractal dimension (D=3. 3±0.2) for the variation process wascomputed. This helped us to determine the embedded dimension [2×D+1]=7.By computing the Lyapunov index (λ₁=0.863), it was indicated that the variationprocess is a chaotic system. The Kolmogorov entropy (K=0.0260) was also computed, which provides, theoretically, the predicable time scale. And at the end, according to the result of the analysis above, an experimental predication is made,whose data was a part cut from the sample data.     

FEM analysis on mixed-mode fracture of CSM-GRP

A FEM analysis for studying mixed-mode fracture problem of chopped strand mat glass fibre reinforced polyester laminate is presented. The analysis is formulated on the basis of 8-node quadrilateral isoparametric element. The collapsed triangular quarter-point singular elements were used for calculating stress intensity factors K_Ι and K_Ⅱ.The crack propagation process was computed by implementing constraint release technique. Three different approaches to the solution of stress intensity factors K_Ι and K_Ⅱ were compared. The effect of constraint condition imposed upon the displacement of the three collapsed nodes of the crack tip elements on the K_Ι and K_Ⅱ results was evaluated. The mixed-mode critical stress intensity factors K_ΙC and K_ⅡC were estimated for CSM-GRP through the consideration of K_Ι and K_Ⅱ calculated and the measured failure load and critical crack length in the experiment.     

基于转捩/尺度适应模型与FW-H声学方程的气动噪声数值模拟研究

采用计算流体力学(CFD)同"声类比"相结合的方法进行噪声模拟,利用CFD数值模拟 MD30P30N多段翼型失速攻角附近流场以及其气动特性来校核近场精度,进一步通过结合可穿透数据面的FW-H声学方程进行气动噪声分析。为了准确捕捉近场流场信息,为噪声预测提供可靠的声源精度,本文基于k-ω剪应力输运(SST)湍流模型,建立了尺度适应分离流(SAS)模型,并采用γ-Re_θt转捩模型耦合k-ω SST湍流模型建立了边界层转捩数值模拟技术;充分利用尺度适应模型在边界层表现为雷诺平均(RANS)方法这一特点,将γ-Re_θt转捩模型与SAS模型结合,建立针对包含转捩、分离现象复杂流场的数值模拟技术。文中以RANS为控制方程,分别采用全湍流k-ω SST模型、γ-Re_θtSAS转捩/分离流模型对多段翼进行近场数值模拟计算,结合可穿透数据面的FW-H声学方程进行气动噪声预测,在分析其对流场及气动噪声影响的基础上,得出了几点结论。     

On the free energy and variational theorem of elastic problem in thermal shock

In some investigations on variational principle for coupled thermoelastic problems, the free energy Φ(e_ij,θ) ,where the state variables are elastic strain e_ij and temperature increment θ, is expressed as Φ(e_ij,θ)=λ/2e_kke_ij=ue_k1e_k1-γe_kkθ-c/2 p θ²/T₀(0.1) This expression is employed only under the condition of |θ|≤T₀(absolute temperature of reference) But the value of temperature increment is great, even greater than T₀ in thermal shock. And the material properties (λ ,μ ,ν ,c , etc.) will not remain constant, they vary with θ. The expression of free energy for this condition.is derived in this paper. Equation (0.1) is its special case.Euler’s equations will be nonlinear while this expression of free energy has been introduced into variational theorem. In order to linearise, the time interval of thermal shock is divided into a number of time elements Δt_k, (Δt_k=t_k-t_k-1,k=1,2…,n), which are so small that the temperature increment θ_k within it is very small, too. Thus, the material properties may be defined by temperature field T_k-1=T(x₁,x₂,x₃,t_k-1) at instant t_k-1 , and the free energy Φ_k expressed by eg. (0.1) may be employed in element Δt_k.Hence the variational theorem will be expressed partly and approximately.     

The strain energy criterion of mixed-mode brittle fracture

In this paper, we proposed a new cr tenon or mixea-moae brittle fracture, i.e., the strain energy criterion, which can be stated as (K_Ⅰ/K_Ⅰc)² +(K_Ⅰ/K_Ⅰc)²+(K_Ⅱ/K_Ⅱc)²=1. This criterion is shown to be in good agreement with known experimental data.In this paper, an experimental criterion:(K_Ⅰ/K_Ⅰc)^m+(K_Ⅱ/K_Ⅱc)ⁿ=1, 1≤_n^m≤2.is also proposed.     

Fe-Mo-石墨和Fe-Mo-Ni-石墨的高温摩擦磨损行为

采用粉末冶金技术制备了Fe-Mo-石墨材料(FM)和Fe-Mo-Ni-石墨材料(FMN),分析了其显微组织及组成,并研究了其在室温、320 ℃和450 ℃下的摩擦磨损性能.结果表明:FM 和FMN两种复合材料主要含有铁素体、珠光体、Fe₃Mo金属间化合物、Mo₂C、Fe₂MoC以及少量石墨,各相分布均匀.FMN较FM珠光体数量要少, Ni元素的加入在一定程度上抑制了珠光体的生成;室温条件下,富含石墨的摩擦层发挥了减摩作用,而在高温条件下,复合材料中的石墨与对偶表面生成的Fe氧化物Fe₂O₃+Fe₃O₄+FeO·Cr₂O₃对其减摩降磨至关重要.     

Extraction of characteristic roots on Bessel-Neumann's mixed equations

This paper discusses the problem of the extraction of characteristic roots {λ_t}(λ₀<λ₁<λ₂…) on Bessel-Neumann’s mixed equations. It gives the expressions and the evaluation of the minimum root. The advantage of the method has no use for the table of the multi-figure number Bessel function and it does not need computer but can calculate all the characteristic roots {λ_t}. The precision of these roots is still high.     

Stress analysis of plates with a circular hole reinforced by flange reinforcing member

This paper deals with the problem of stress analysis of plates with a circular hole reinforced by flange reinforcing member. The so called flange reinforcing member here means that the reinforcing member is built up by setting shapes or bars with any section shape on both sides of the plates along the edge of the hole. Two cases of external loads are considered. In one case the external loads are stressesσ_X^(∞),σ_Y^(∞),and τ_XY^(∞) acting at infinite point of the plate, and in the other the external loads are linear distributed normal stresses. The procedure of solving the problems mentioned above consists of three steps. Firstly, the reinforcing member is taken out from the plates and considered to be a circular bar being solved to determine its deformation under the action of radial force q₀(θ) and tangential force t₀(θ) which are forces acting upon each other between reinforcing member and plate. Secondly, the displacements of plate with a circular hole under the action of q₀(θ) and t₀(θ) and external loads are determined. Finally, forces q₀(θ) and t₀(θ) are obtained by the compatibility of deformations between reinforcing member and plate. Then the internal forces and displacements of reinforcing member and plate are deduced from q₀(θ) and t₀(θ) obtained.     

K-ε-T model of dense liquid-solid two-phase turbulent flow and its application to the pipe flow

To predict the characteristics of dense liquid-solid two-phase flow, K-ε-T model is established, in which the turbulent flow of fluid phase is described with fluid turbulent kinetic energy K_f and its dissipation rate ε_f, and the particles random motion is described with particle turbulent energy K_p and its dissipation rate ε_p and pseudothermal temperature T_p. The governing equations are also derived. With K-ε-T model, numerical study of dense liquid-solid two-phase turbulent up-flow in a pipe is performed. The calculated results are in good agreement with experimental data of Alajbegovic et al. (1994), and some flow features are captured.     

[0, k i]1 m -Factorizations Orthogonal to a Subgraph

Let G be a graph,k₁,…,k_m be positive integers. If the edges of graph G can be decomposed into some edge disjoint. [0,k₁]-factor. F₁,…,[0,k_m]-factor F_m, then we can say F={F₁,…,F_m, is a [0,k_i]_m¹-factorization of G. If H is a subgraph with m edges in graph G and |E(H)∩E(F_i)|=1 for all 1≤i≤m, then we can call that F is orthogonal to H. It is proved that if G is a..[0,k₁+…+k_m-m+1]-graph, H is a subgraph with m edges in G, then graph G has a. [0,k_i]₁^m-factorization orthogonal to H.     

γ-TiAl合金激光熔覆高温自润滑耐磨复合材料涂层研究

以NiCr-Cr₃C₂-40%CaF₂(wt.%)复合合金粉末为原料,采用Nd:YAG激光熔覆技术,在γ-TiAl合金基体表面成功制备出了高温自润滑耐磨复合材料涂层,在复合粉体准备时,采用Ni-P化学镀包覆原始CaF₂颗粒,以减少其在激光熔覆过程中的分解?蒸发和上浮.采用XRD?SEM和EDS等手段对所制备复合材料涂层的显微组织进行了分析,并测试了TiAl合金及所制备的复合材料涂层的室温滑动磨损性能.结果表明:该复合材料涂层由初生发达树枝状TiC和次生块状Al ₄C₃碳化物增强相以及细小弥散分布的CaF₂润滑颗粒均匀分布在塑韧性良好的NiCrAlTi(γ)基体中,其平均显微硬度是基体TiAl合金的2倍以上. CaF₂颗粒由于采用Ni-P化学镀包覆而大部分得以保留,并且增强了其与NiCrAlTi(γ)金属基体的相容性,使得该复合材料涂层具有良好的自润滑和耐磨效果