一类菁染料的SERS光谱研究

本文报导了一类菁染料在银溶胶中和吸附在硝酸刻蚀的银和铜箔上的SERS 光谱以及两种方式的比较。对硝酸刻蚀粗化银和铜箔表面的最佳条件进行了讨论,区别于银溶胶,用粗化银和铜箔测得了共振 SERS 光谱。提出了菁染料分子在铜、银表面吸附的可能方式。     

运用表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)和密度泛函数理论(DFT)模拟计算研究对硝基苯胺在金纳米颗粒表面吸附行为

在沉积金纳米颗粒的干燥滤纸上进行对硝基苯胺的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)光谱研究,并与对硝基苯胺在金胶水溶液中的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)光谱相比,分子拉曼光谱发生了很大变化。同时利用DFT理论计算对硝基苯胺在金胶颗粒上的吸附行为的拉曼光谱。DFT理论模拟计算和FI-Raman实验分析都表明这种变化源于对硝基苯胺的不同吸附方式。SERS和DFT结合研究分子的吸附是一种有效的技术。     

Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering on colloid gels originated from low molecular weight gelator

Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) on silver and gold colloid gels formed by a low molecular weight organic gelator, bis‐(S‐phenylalanine) oxalyl amide, was obtained. Strong Raman signals dominate in the SERS spectra of hydrogels containing silver nanoparticles prepared by citrate and borohydride reduction methods, whereas broad bands of low intensity are detected in the spectra of gold colloid gels. Resemblance between Raman spectrum of the crystalline substance and the SERS spectra of the silver nanoparticle–hydrogel composites implies the electromagnetic nature of the signal enhancement. A change in Raman intensity of the benzene and amide II bands caused by an increase in temperature and concentration indicates that the gelling molecules are strongly attached through the benzene moieties to the metal nanoparticles while participating in gel formation by intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the adjacent oxalyl amide groups. Transmission electron microscopy reveals a dense gel structure in the close vicinity of the enhancing metal particles for both silver colloid gels. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A simple method for the preparation of ultrahigh sensitivity surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) active substrate

By immersing mica modified with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) into the silver colloid, a high efficient surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) active substrate was formed within 2 h at room temperature. The limit of detection of the substrate for Rhodamine 6G is up to 1×10⁻¹⁴ M. Changing the concentration of silver colloid and the treating time, various silver aggregates such as nanocrystals, clusters and films were found, and the SERS spectra of these aggregates were also obtained. The results of SERS revealed that CTAB could accelerate aggregation of the silver colloid and cause great Raman enhancement. Bilayer of CTAB is very important for aggregation of silver colloid and the aggregation extent is the main factor for the enormous enhancement on this substrate.     

钩藤中异钩藤碱在TLC原位的FT-SERS研究

本文报道了将薄层色谱（TLC）与傅里叶变换表面增强拉曼散射（FT－SERS）联用，获得了中草药钩藤中的异钩藤碱光谱研究的新方法。研究表明，在薄层原位，2.5μg钩藤总碱可将异钩藤碱等8种生物碱完全分离。应用薄层原位的薄层色谱傅里叶变换表面增强拉曼散射（TLC－FT－SERS）技术，获得异钩藤碱分子的特征振动谱带，进而阐述了样品分子在银胶表面的吸附模式，异钩藤碱以分子中氧化吲哚基团上N原子的孤子电子对和吲哚环π电子共同吸附于银晶体微粒表面,1.615cm^-1与芳环骨架振动和氧化吲哚N－H变形振动相关的峰获得最大增强。说明TLC－FT－SERS对中草药化学成分进行高灵敏度示踪指纹检测的可靠性和优越性。     

Vibrational spectroscopic studies and computational study of methyl(2‐methyl‐4,6–dinitrophenylsulfanyl)ethanoate

FT‐IR and FT‐Raman spectra of methyl(2‐methyl‐4,6–dinitrophenylsulfanyl)ethanoate (MDIE) were recorded and analyzed. Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra were recorded in silver colloid and silver electrode. The vibrational wavenumbers were computed using HF/6‐31G* and B3LYP/6‐31G* basis. The data obtained from vibrational wavenumber calculations are used to assign vibrational bands obtained in infrared and Raman spectroscopies as well as in SERS of the studied molecule. The first hyperpolarizability and infrared intensities are reported. The geometrical parameters of the title compound are in agreement with the reported similar derivatives. The presence of new bands at 1045 and 948 cm⁻¹ in the SERS spectrum in silver electrode is related to the change in orientation of the molecule with respect to the metal surface. In silver colloid SERS spectrum, the methyl group attached to the methoxy carbonyl group is close to the metal surface, whereas on silver electrode the methyl group attached to the phenyl ring is close to the metal surface. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Piperidine adsorption on two different silver electrodes: A combined surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory study

The surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of piperidine in silver colloid solution, on roughened silver electrode and on roughened silver electrode modified with silver nanoparticles were studied, and the high-quality SERS spectra of piperidine on roughened silver electrode modified with silver nanoparticles were obtained for the first time. Surface selection rules derived from the EM enhancement model were employed to deduce piperidine orientations on the different surfaces. On the basis of this, two models of piperidine adsorbed on the surface of the silver nanoparticles were built, and DFT-B3PW91/LanL2dz was applied to calculate the Raman frequencies. It proves that, at higher potential values, the piperidine is perpendicularly standing on the roughened silver electrode surface though its lone-electron pair, but in silver colloid solution and on the silver nanoparticles modified silver electrode the piperidine molecular lies flat on the silver surface. In the meantime, the potential dependent SERS of piperidine on the modified electrode were studied.     

Application of calixarene to high active surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates suitable for in situ detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in seawater

The characteristics of the sol–gel matrix embedding Ag nanoparticles functionalized with 25,27‐dimercaptoacetic acid‐26,28‐dihydroxy‐4‐tert‐butylcalix[4]arene (DMCX) suitable for the in situ detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in seawater is presented. The DMCX‐functionalized silver nanoparticles were produced by the thermal reduction method in xerogel film. The silver colloid blocks were formed in the sol–gel matrix, with a diameter ranging from 50 to 120 nm. DMCX forming the monolayer on the silver nanoparticle surface contributes to the surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity due to the aggregation of silver nanoparticles and the preconcentration of PAH molecules within the zone of electromagnetic enhancement. When selected, PAH molecules e.g. pyrene and naphthalene were adsorbed onto the SERS substrate; Raman band positions of PAH were slightly shifted. A calibration procedure reveals that this type of SERS substrate has a limit of detection of 3 × 10⁻¹⁰ mol/l for pyrene and 13 × 10⁻⁹ mol/l for naphthalene in artificial seawater. The Raman signal response on a pyrene concentration change in artificial seawater was evaluated using a 671‐nm Raman setup with a flow‐through cell. This type of SERS substrate will be suitable for the in situ trace detection of pollutant chemicals in seawater. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

负电性纳米银溶胶SERS活性及稳定性的比较研究

用单宁还原硝酸银可制得表面带负电的、对阳离子型分子具有较强SERS效应的纳米银。为了进一步测试负电性纳米银溶胶的SERS活性及稳定性,在室温下用制针剂的封装机将样品(old NCS)封装并保存。两年后与新制备的负电性纳米银溶胶(new NCS)比较,用透射电镜观测发现old NCS与new NCS相比银粒子尺寸增大;用紫外可见吸收光谱测定old NCS的吸收峰为431 nm,new NCS的吸收峰为418 nm,old NCS与new NCS相比吸收峰发生红移。为比较old NCS及new NCS的SERS活性选取阳离子型分子、中性分子及阴离子型分子作为测试分子,用拉曼光谱仪测试这些分子在两种纳米银上的SERS谱,结果发现,阳离子型分子碱性品红、中性分子吖啶橙在old NCS及new NCS上SERS较强,阳离子型分子亚甲基蓝在old NCS上与在new NCS上相比SERS较弱,阴离子型分子苯甲酸在old NCS及new NCS均未观察到SERS信号。     

AMP和DNA的银溶胶增强拉曼光谱

本文报道了生物分子5‘-腺苷磷酸（AMP）和脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）在银溶胶中的增强拉曼光谱。实验结果表明用银溶胶增加方法可以得到在较低浓度下、几乎不受光干扰的增强拉曼光谱。与固体AMP和DNA拉曼光谱进行比较,发现谱峰有很好的一致性,但也存在差异,如对应于固体AMP中715cm^-1处的腺嘌呤的呼吸振动峰加强,并位移到723cm^-1处,813cm^-1处的磷酸酯的对称伸缩振动峰消失了;在DNA中核糖环的振动峰明显加强,A,T,C,G四种碱基的峰也得到了不同程度的增强。通过对实验结果的分析,推测了AMP和DNA在银溶胶界面的吸附状态和分子结构。     

激光拉曼光谱研究苏丹红Ⅲ分子的吸附方式

用近红外傅里叶拉曼光谱研究了苏丹红Ⅲ分子在覆银纳米颗粒的抛光铝片表面上的吸附行为,得到了一系列高质量的增强拉曼散射（SERS）谱图。对苏丹红Ⅲ分子在银胶溶液、覆银滤纸、覆银粗糙铝片上的SERS谱进行比较,结果表明苏丹红Ⅲ分子在各基底上与银纳米颗粒表现出不同的吸附行为。在银胶溶液中,苏丹红Ⅲ分子主要是通过N=N双键吸附在银纳米颗粒上的;在沉积了银纳米颗粒的滤纸表面,同样地,主要是由N=N双键吸附;而在沉积了银纳米颗粒的抛光铝片表面,不仅N=N双键参与了吸附,苏丹红Ⅲ分子中的羟基与银颗粒有相互作用,并且铝片上的氧化铝颗粒也可能吸附了苏丹红Ⅲ分子。     

Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering of hydroxyproline

Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of hydroxyproline and one deuterated analogue are reported. In this work, we tackled the problem of SERS reproducibility by employing gold colloids instead of the usual silver sols to achieve plasmon enhanced Raman scattering. We slightly modified modified a previously published procedure to obtain to obtain the colloid, and concentrated the gold particles by centrifugation. The SERS spectra show distinctive bands of hydroxyproline, assigned by comparison to normal Raman spectra and density functional theory calculations. Repeated measurements using this procedure showed reproducible SERS spectra. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering and DFT theoretical studies on the adsorption behavior of plumbagin on silver nanoparticles

The comparative study of normal Raman spectrum with the SERS along with the DFT calculations predicts the adsorption geometry of plumbagin on silver surface. The surface geometry of plumbagin molecule was studied by analysis of the SERS spectra adsorbed on silver colloid surfaces. The large enhancement of inplane ring stretching and C-H in-plane bending modes in the surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectrum indicates that the molecule is adsorbed on the silver surface in a stand-on orientation of PLBN on a silver surface.     

负电性纳米银的制备及性质研究

制备了一种表面带负电的胶态纳米银,用透射电镜,吸收光谱,SERS谱对该纳米银进行了研究,发现纳米银的粒径分布均匀,平均粒径为11nm,吸收峰为422nm,常温下放置7个月仍具有较强的SERS活性,当阴离子型分子吲哚丁酸,阳离子型分子碱性品红,亚甲兰及中性分子邻菲罗邻分别吸附在其上时,观察到阳离子型分子碱性品红和亚甲兰及中性分子邻菲罗邻的SERS谱,而阴离子型分子吲哚丁酸则无SERS谱出现。     

竹红菌甲素在银胶中的电磁增强和荧光猝灭现象的研究

应用表面增强拉曼散射方法，首次获得了竹红菌甲素在黄银胶中的拉曼光谱；分析了电磁增强和荧光猝灭效应在银胶一竹红菌甲素体系中的作用。     

菜粉蝶颗粒体病毒包涵体在银胶中的表面增强拉曼光谱研究

本文讨论了菜粉蝶(preris rtpae)颗粒体病毒(简称 PrGV )包涵体在银胶中的表面增强拉曼光谱。PrGV 包涵体的 SERS 谱与其 RS 谱之间存在一定对应关系。PrGV 包涵体蛋白分子通过羧基和氨基基团吸附于银粒子表面,并构成阴离子形式(NU_2RCOO~-)存在于溶液中。PrGV 在银胶中的表面增强的增强机制属于短程作用。PrGV 包涵体与银胶表面的吸附主要是化学吸附。     

碱性银胶的表面增强拉曼效应及对牛奶中三聚氰胺的检测

在合成银胶时加入适量的氢氧化钠,得到稳定性和均一性更好的碱性银胶,研究了它对不同浓度拉曼探针分子亚甲基蓝的增强效果。相比普通银胶,浓度的变化不对其和银胶的吸附方式产生影响,根本原因是碱性银胶对亚甲基蓝分子中硫原子的优向吸附而使451 cm-1处信号始终最强。研究了银胶对同浓度不同量的亚甲基蓝分子产生的拉曼增强效应,以及该拉曼增强光谱随时间的变化关系。另外,将该碱性银胶制备成银斑点应用于掺杂三聚氰胺的牛奶样品检测,获得了三聚氰胺掺入量和拉曼信号的线性关系,该方法需要样品量仅5 μL,拉曼光谱检测时间仅需5 s,非常适合快速测定分析,利用碱性银胶对三聚氰胺在691 cm-1处的特征拉曼峰,可在3～60 mg·L-1的范围内测定三聚氰胺的掺杂量,检出限达0.28 mg·L-1。     

维生素A酸在银溶胶液中的表面增强拉曼散射光谱

将水中不溶的药物维生素A酸(VAA)溶于氯仿中,然后与银溶胶液混合,振摇,取静置分层后的上层溶胶液测定表面增强拉曼光谱,氯仿在银溶胶中无表面增强效应,不干扰维生素A酸的测定。与固体粉末拉曼光谱相比较,对光谱峰归属进行了解释。通过分析CO伸缩振动带和ν(COO)振动峰明显增强的现象,讨论了维生素A酸分子在银颗粒表面可能的吸附取向,并推断维生素A酸在银表面的吸附发生在COO-基团。以维生素A酸表面增强拉曼光谱在1583cm-1处的峰强度对浓度进行线性回归,求得线性回归方程Y=10×108+95585,在10×10-6～50×10-5mol·L-1范围呈良好的线性关系,最小检测限为10×10-7mol·L-1。结果表明,维生素A酸表面增强拉曼光谱峰数量少,灵敏度高,是定量分析痕量维生素A酸的很好方法。     

Fabrication and characterization of SERS‐active silver clusters on glassy carbon

In this article, a novel technique for the fabrication of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) active silver clusters on glassy carbon (GC) has been proposed. It was found that silver clusters could be formed on a layer of positively charged poly(diallyldimethylammonium) (PDDA) anchored to a carbon surface by 4‐aminobenzoic acid when a drop containing silver nanoparticles was deposited on it. The characteristics of the obtained silver clusters have been investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM), SERS and an SERS‐based Raman mapping technique in the form of line scanning. The AFM image shows that the silver clusters consist of several silver nanoparticles and the size of the clusters is in the range 80–100 nm. The SERS spectra of different concentrations of rhodamine 6G (R6G) on the silver clusters were obtained and compared with those from a silver colloid. The apparent enhancement factor (AEF) was estimated to be as large as 3.1 × 10⁴ relative to silver colloid, which might have resulted from the presence of ‘hot‐spots’ at the silver clusters, providing a highly localized electromagnetic field for the large enhancement of the SERS spectra of R6G. The minimum electromagnetic enhancement factor (EEF) is estimated to be 5.4 × 10⁷ by comparison with the SERS spectra of R6G on the silver clusters and on the bare GC surface. SERS‐based Raman mapping technique in the form of line scanning further illustrates the good SERS activity and reproducibility on the silver clusters. Finally, 4‐mercaptopyridine (4‐Mpy) was chosen as an analyte and the lowest detected concentration was investigated by the SERS‐active silver clusters. A concentration of 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁰ M 4‐Mpy could be detected with the SERS‐active silver clusters, showing the great potential of the technique in practical applications of microanalysis with high sensitivity. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

正电性胶态纳米银中加入凝聚剂后的表面增强拉曼光谱

在柠檬酸还原制备的正电性胶态纳米银中加入凝聚剂HNO₃和NaNO₃后,用波长为633 nm的激光激发,获得了较强的表面增强拉曼散射光谱(SERS谱),通过讨论及实验明确该SERS谱是来自于还原剂中的柠檬酸根离子,并说明该方法制备的纳米银的吸附层是带正电的银离子,扩散层是带负电的柠檬酸根离子。