关于广义等参有限单元的讨论

研究了新近提出的广义等参单元,讨论了这一新方法与现有方法的关系,提出了一个建立广义有限单元的一般性方法。     

断裂问题分析的Williams广义参数单元

结合Ⅱ型断裂问题.研究建立了裂尖区应力强度因子计算的Williams广义参数单元和过渡单元.结合Williams级数解和广义参数有限元法,研究建立了弹性断裂问题的Williams广义参数单元计算格式;同时为了方便连接奇异区的Williams单元和常规区域的普通等参单元,建立了过渡单元模型.结合算例详细分析了计算模型中径向高散因子、离散数以及Williams级数项对计算结果的影响,并给出了建议值,同时研究了矩形板尺寸对Ⅱ型应力强度因子的影响.证实了解析解的局限性.计算结果表明,由于Williams单元位移模型中含有与应力强度因子直接相关的参数,所以可以避免传统有限元法需通过其他物理量间接计算应力强度因子的缺陷,且Williams单元具有较高的精度,构造使用方便.     

内参型四边形四节点拟协调平面单元

在拟协调框架之下,利用新的内参形函数构造了一个四边形四节点拟协调平面单元. 新的内参位移函数也可以添加到等参单元Q4 中来构造新的内参型等参单元. 新构造的拟协调单元QC6N 具有显式刚度矩阵,因而效率更高. 数值例子表明相比于四节点等参单元,新构造的单元可以提高计算精度和抗网格畸变的能力.      

QUADRILATERAL 4-NODE QUASI-CONFORMING PLANE ELEMENT WITH INTERNAL PARAMETERS

在拟协调框架之下,利用新的内参形函数构造了一个四边形四节点拟协调平面单元. 新的内参位移函数也可以添加到等参单元Q4 中来构造新的内参型等参单元. 新构造的拟协调单元QC6N 具有显式刚度矩阵,因而效率更高. 数值例子表明相比于四节点等参单元,新构造的单元可以提高计算精度和抗网格畸变的能力.     

裂纹尖端“加料”奇异单元周围的过渡等参单元研究

对平面裂纹问题的裂尖"加料"奇异单元周围的过渡等参单元进行研究.为了解决奇异单元与常规单元间的不协调问题,在三角形"加料"奇异单元的基础上,提出了三角形和四边形两种过渡等参单元方案,分别以I、II型裂纹问题为例,考察了各种方案下过渡单元对应力强度因子精度的影响以及不同类型过渡单元的优劣,得到了一些有益的结论.     

非协调四结点平面等参位移元新列式方法

本文导出一种等参协调元位移函数的新的表示方法,在此基础上建立起了构造等参非协调元的新方法。作为实例,构造出两个可以给出单刚显式的四结点平面非协调新单元。     

精化不协调平面八节点元

用直角坐标表示的多项式直接插值，建立了满足的收敛要求的不协调平面八节点单元，其列式比等参协调元法简单，直接，单元精度高且可推出刚度阵显式。     

基于面积坐标与B网方法的四边形样条单元

传统等参元方法中, S型等参元完备阶较低,对网格畸变敏感, L型等参元具有高阶完备性但需要使用内部节点. 另外,由于引入等参变换, 采用数值积分可能导致总刚度矩阵出现奇异性.利用三角形面积坐标与B网方法建立了一类平面四边形的样条单元函数,它们的特点是满足协调条件, 克服网格畸变敏感性.其中8节点和12节点单元分别为2次和3次样条函数,对直角坐标分别具有二阶和三阶完备性, 高于相同节点的S型等参元.通过算例测试了这些样条单元, 并与等参元和其它四边形单元比较,数值结果显示了它们的高精度和有效性.      

非协调四结点平面等参位移元新列式方法

本文导出一种等参协调元位移函数的新的表示方法，在此基础上建立起了构造等参非协调元的新方法，作为实例，构造出两个可以给出单刚显式的四结点平面非协调新单元。     

等参管单元及其在热传导问题边界元法中的应用Isoparametric tube elements and their application in heat conduction BEM analysis

采用边界元法（BEM ）求解实际工程问题时,很大一部分误差来自于离散误差。为此,本文基于Lagrange插值原理,提出了一种三维等参管单元边界元算法,该单元能很好地模拟管状结构的几何外形并对物理量进行高阶插值,大大地消除了离散误差。另外,当在边界元法中使用等参管单元时,提出了一种在等参平面内消除积分奇异性的方法。算例表明,本文算法具有划分网格少,求解精度高的优点。     

精化杂交压电固体单元的研究

基于力、电耦合问题的三类交量广义交分原理，提出了广义杂交压电单元列式。为了进一步改进单元的性能和保证单元能够通过分片检验，通过引入非协调模式、放松电学方程约束条件和单元间的弱连续性条件，建立了新的、修正的广义交分原理，在此基础上成功地引入了应力、应交的正交化插值模式，从而建立了精化杂交压电单元法，它继承了常规精化杂交单元的全部优点。文中所推导的八节点精化杂交压电固体单元列式完全避免了矩阵求逆运算，较广义杂交压电单元和杂交应力压电单元均显著提高了计算效率。数值算例表明，与同类型其他单元相比，该单元明显具有更好的对歪斜网格的适应性。     

On the compactness of quasi-conforming element spaces and the convergence of quasi-conforming element method

In this paper, the compactness of quasi-conforming element spaces and the—convergence of quasi-conforming element method are discussed. The well-known Rellich compactness theorem is generalized to the sequences of quasi-conforming element spaces with certain properties, and the generalized Poincare inequality. The generalized Friedrichs inequality and the generalized inequality of Poincare-Friedrichs are proved true for them. The error estimates are also given. It is shown that the quasi-conforming element method is convergent if the quasi-conforming element spaces have the approximability and the strong continuity, and satisfy the rank condition of element and pass the test IPT. As practical examples, 6-parameter, 9-paramenter, 12-paramenter, 15-parameter, 18-parameter and 21-paramenter quasi-conforming elements are shown to be convergent, and their L²²()-errors are O(h), O(h), O(h ² ), O(h ² ), O(h ), and O(h ⁴ ) respectively.     

采用SemiLoof型约束条件的薄板三角形广义协调元

本文综合广义协调元和SemiLoof元的优点,消除其缺点,建立一个九自由度三角形薄板单元。单元自由度只含常规的角点自由度,不采用SemiLoof元还包含边点自由度的复杂作法。着眼于广义协调,克服了某些非协调元不能通过分片检验的致命弱点。采用SemiLoof型约束条件,即全部采用离散型(点型)协调条件,不采用广义协调元通常采用的积分型协调条件的复杂作法。从简便实用、高精度和收敛可靠进行全面衡量,本单元是同类低阶薄板单元中的最优单元。     

A generalized conforming isoparametric element

Based on the generalized compatibility condition under constant and linear stress field, a quadrilateral generalized conforming isoparametric element, GC-Q6, for plane stress analysis, is developed. The element GC-Q6 can be regarded as an improved form of Wilson’s non-conforming isoparametric element Q6. GC-Q6 can pass the patch test for arbitrary irregular mesh while Q6 can not. GC-Q6 degenerates to Q6 when it is a parallelogram. Numerical examples show that the GC-Q6 element gives more accurate stress solution than the existing non-conforming elements and is less sensitive to geometric distortion.     

Finite-element analysis of rectangular plates with rectangular inserts

The present investigation deals with the stress distribution in the vicinity of rectangular inserts in finite rectangular plates. This problem is more complex due to the singularities at the corners of the inserts. In this paper, the finite-element technique is used to determine the deformations and, subsequently, the stresses. The paper treats the problem in a generalized form in the sense that the size and orientation of the insert are taken as variables. The finite rectangular plate is subjected to a uniform axial tensile load. The material of the plate and that of the insert are considered to be different. Element selections are made which are optimal with regard to accuracy and computational effort. The local element stresses which generate considerable discontinuity at the element nodes are plotted. Averaging process for the local stress calculations is discussed and these are compared with the results available¹ which are obtained by experimental techniques.     

GREEN''''S FUNCTIONS FOR 2D PROBLEMS OF ANISOTROPIC PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIAL WITH A STRIP REGION

By using Stroh's formalism and the conformal mapping technique, we derive the simple explicit elastic fields of a generalized line dislocation and a generalized line force in a general anisotropic piezoelectric strip with fixed surfaces, which are two fixed conductor electrodes. The solutions obtained are usually considered as Green's functions which play important roles in the boundary element methods. The Coulomb forces of the distributed charges along the region boundaries on the line chargeq atz ⁰ are analysed in detail. The results are valid not only for plane and antiplane problems but also for the coupled problems between inplane and outplane deformations.     

Generalized mixed finite element method for 3D elasticity problems

Without applying any stable element techniques in the mixed methods, two simple generalized mixed element(GME) formulations were derived by combining the minimum potential energy principle and Hellinger–Reissner(H–R) variational principle. The main features of the GME formulations are that the common C0-continuous polynomial shape functions for displacement methods are used to express both displacement and stress variables, and the coefficient matrix of these formulations is not only automatically symmetric but also invertible. Hence, the numerical results of the generalized mixed methods based on the GME formulations are stable. Displacement as well as stress results can be obtained directly from the algebraic system for finite element analysis after introducing stress and displacement boundary conditions simultaneously. Numerical examples show that displacement and stress results retain the same accuracy. The results of the noncompatible generalized mixed method proposed herein are more accurate than those of the standard noncompatible displacement method. The noncompatible generalized mixed element is less sensitive to element geometric distortions.     

Nonlinear boundary control of the unforced generalized Korteweg–de Vries–Burgers equation

In this paper, we consider the boundary control problem of the unforced generalized Korteweg–de Vries–Burgers (GKdVB) equation when the spatial domain is [0,1]. Three control laws are derived for this equation and the L ²-global exponential stability of the solution is proved analytically. Numerical results using the finite element method (FEM) are presented to illustrate the developed control schemes.     

Analysis of superposed fluids by the finite element method: Linear stability and flow development

A Galerkin finite element method is described for studying the stability of two superposed immiscible Newtonian fluids in plane Poiseuille flow. The formulation results in an algebraic eigenvalue problem of the form Aλ² + Bλ + C = 0 which, after transforming to a standard generalized eigenvalue problem, is solved by the QR algorithm. The numerical results are in good agreement with previous asymptotic results. Additional results show that the finite element method is ideally suited for studying linear stability of superposed fluids when parameters characterizing the flow fall outside the range amenable to perturbation methods. The applicability of the finite element method to similar eigenvalue problems is demonstrated by analysing the steady-state spatial development of two superposed fluids in a channel.     

基于有限条带的厚/薄板矩形通用单元

基于两广义位移梁理论，利用解析试函数来建立厚／薄梁单元的横向位移、转角位移、曲率、剪应变等位移模式，构造出厚／薄梁通用单元．应用有限条带，将厚／薄梁单元的位移模式应用于厚／薄板矩形弯曲单元，直接构造出单元的横向位移、转角、曲率、剪应变，导出了单元的刚度矩阵和结点等效力，编制了计算程序，进行了数值计算和比较，结果表明，所研究的单元不出现剪切闭锁且精度较好．