火花激发原子发射光谱分析不锈钢线材

火花激发原子发射光谱法应用于直径小于8mm的不锈钢线材的分析，对此类试样应用了一种特制的夹具，用块状标准样品制作工作曲线。由于线状试样和块状标准样品之间的形状差异所产生的系统不确定度借采用同类型标样作校正，对共存元素的相互干扰也采用了相应的校正方法。其它分析条件，包括严格的制样工序，氩气的纯度要求及其流量控制，以及光源的最佳条件等，作了深入的试验。按所提出的方法测定了不锈钢线材试样中碳、硅、锰、磷、硫、铬、镍及钛等8个元素。经校正后的结果与化学法测得结果相符。     

直读光谱法分析丝状样品中的元素

应用直读原子光谱法分析直径在3 mm以下的丝状样品,设计了与之匹配的夹具,并对类型标准化样品、光源参数、样品处理条件进行了试验及优化.用该法对φ0.8的1Cr18Ni9Ti丝材样品进行测定,各元素光谱分析值与化学分析值接近,7次测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.30%～12.6%.     

火花源原子发射光谱法测定超低碳冷轧薄板钢化学成分

提出了用火花源原子发射光谱法测定超低碳冷轧薄板钢化学成分。用块状光谱标样绘制校准工作曲线。选择研磨抛光对冷轧薄板钢样品进行处理,用专用粘结金属的胶水将试样粘结在铁块上,解决了试样易被击穿的问题。应用此法对光谱标准样品进行分析,测定值与标准值相符。     

直读光谱法测定药芯焊丝熔敷金属中碳锰硅磷硫

提出了采用真空型直读光谱仪,用脉冲分布测量法测定药芯焊丝熔敷金属中碳、锰、硅、磷和硫等5种元素的含量。以低合金钢09MnNb为控样,探讨了标准化系数和内标元素光谱强度的影响因素。方法用于药芯焊丝熔敷金属试样分析,测定结果与电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法对锰、硅、磷和高频感应炉燃烧后红外吸收法对碳、硫的测定结果基本一致。     

热导法快速测定石油焦中氮含量

应用Leco CHN-2000元素分析仪(热导法)测定了石油焦中氮的含量,对仪器工作条件、试样制备,特别是试样的粒度及试样的燃烧条件进行了系统试验并作了较详细的叙述.按所选定的条件对同一石油焦样品连续分析8次,测得仪器及方法的相对标准偏差为0.40%,一次测定的分析速度为5 min.用高纯度的EDTA(酸型)作基准物质制备工作曲线,按此方法及凯氏定氮法分别测定了同一批样品中氮量,所得测定值用t-检验法作检验,结果表明两方法间无显著差异.     

火花源原子发射光谱法测定线材中9种元素

建立了火花源原子发射光谱法测定直径为8～12mm的小规格线材中的碳、硅、锰、磷、硫、镍、铬、铜和钒等9种元素含量的方法。试样经切割和打磨后,按规格及钢种选择对应的自制夹具固定,垂直于磨样机打磨试样的端面。用随V型板专用的定位夹具将样品定位在火花源原子发射光谱仪激发孔中心位置,使试样支架中心和电极中心对齐。盖好顶盖,用氩气吹扫火花室5s,采用能量为0.2J、频率为100Hz激发光激发样品。在优化的仪器工作条件下,试样中9种元素可在10min内完成测定。采用块状光谱国家标准样品制作校准曲线,用校正公式消除了共存元素的干扰及由标准试样和实际试样形状差异带来的系统偏差。结果显示:9种元素的质量分数均在一定范围内与其对应的响应值呈线性关系,检出限(3s)为1.5～18.1μg·g~(-1);用此方法分析实际样品,所得测定值与参考文献使用的其他方法的基本一致,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=11)均在5%以内。     

X-射线荧光光谱法测定白云石中主次量组分

采用粉末压片x-射线荧光光谱法测定白云石中氧化镁、氧化钙、二氧化硅、三氧化二铝、三氧化二铁和二氧化钛含量。采用校正曲线和基体校准一体的回归方程进行谱线重叠干扰校正和基体效应校正。将白云石样品进行磨细处理,在压片机上制成样片,直接在X-射线荧光光谱仪上按照选定的分析条件,以标准样品做工作曲线,利用工作曲线测定样品含量。通过与国家标准化学法以及熔片法对照,分析结果与标准值、熔片法结果吻合,主含量元素测定结果相对误差不超过10％,同一样品12次测定结果相对标准偏差不超过10％。该方法简便、快速、准确、重现性好。     

分光光度法快速测定低合金钢中的铌

用盐酸—过氧化氢溶解试样，在2．9mol／L盐酸溶液介质中，铌与氯磺酚—S形成稳定的蓝紫色络合物，其最大吸收波长约为650nm，用分光光度法可以测定低合金钢中的铌。用该法对含铌标准样品进行测定，测得值与标准值基本一致，测定结果的相对标准偏差为2．1％～6．7％。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定5XXX系铝合金中的高镁含量

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定5XXX系铝合金中的高镁含量,选择稀王水溶液20ml溶解试样(0.1000g),以消除合金中的基体元素及其他共存元素的干扰为目标,选择测定镁含量的分析谱线为280.270nm。分别称取与分析试样基体近似的三种铝合金标准物质0.1000g,按试样相同的溶解方法处理并定容至100ml,选择仪器工作条件,制作分析曲线,进行曲线校准,按照同样的方法对4个样品各测定6次,测定值的相对标准偏差均不大于0.59%,用标准加入法测得回收率在94.0%~104.0%之间。应用此方法和环己二胺四乙酸分离络合滴定法分别分析了若干5XXX 系铝合金中的高镁含量,测定结果与化学分析方法测定值一致。     

光电直读光谱法测定高温合金K18中的主量和杂质元素

采用光电直读光谱法测定高温合金K18中主量和杂质元素。样品经过磨床的预处理,使得表面平整光滑,激发试样的边缘进行测定。采用一套内控标准样品建立了校准曲线,在此基础上采用控制试样法进行漂移校正。此方法的测定结果与电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法和高频感应加热-红外线吸收法的结果相吻合,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=11)在7.6%之内。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.