古代铜矿冶炼过程中稀土元素的变化研究

主要研究稀土元素在铜矿冶炼过程中的变化规律及其在冶金考古中的潜在应用。实验采用电感藕合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-AES)测试了湖北铜绿山、宁夏照壁山、山西中条山和内蒙古林西大井古代矿冶遗址的铜矿石，炼渣和铜锭的稀土元素含量，通过对其稀土总量和稀土配分模式的对比研究，探讨了稀土元素在古代铜矿冶炼过程中的化学行为。结果发现稀土元素在铜矿冶炼过程主要富集在炼渣中，金属铜中的稀土元素含量很低。因此，要想根据青铜器中的稀土元素特征示踪铜料来源，是很难实现的。通过对比各矿冶遗址的铜矿石、炼渣和铜锭的稀土配分曲线，发现炼渣的稀土配分曲线为判断古代所使用的冶炼技术及铜矿石的输出路线提供了可能。     

原子吸收法测定蔬菜罐头中铜含量的测量不确定度评定

对GB／T 5009．13－1996《食品中铜的测定方法》中火争原子吸收法测定蔬菜罐头中铜含量的测量不确定度进行评定，根据JJF1059－1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》技术规范的要求，分析了该测量过程的测量不确定度来源，建立了数学模型，并利用标准样品对测量不确定度的各个分量进行计算，计算得该测定水平下铜含量测定结果的扩展不确定度为0．2mg/kg.     

蒸馏分离–电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定铜铅锌矿石中微量锗

建立蒸馏分离-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定铜铅锌矿石中微量锗的方法。采用硝酸-磷酸混合酸消解铜铅锌矿石样品,在盐酸介质中蒸馏分离微量锗,在氦气碰撞池模式下,以103Rh为在线内标进行质谱法测定。锗的质量浓度在0~50 μg/L 范围内线性良好,相关系数为0.9995,方法检出限为0.019 μg/g。用所建方法对3个铜铅锌矿石成分国家一级标准物质进行测定,测定结果的相对标准偏差为4.58%~5.55%(n=7),样品加标回收率为93.0%~102.0%。该方法操作简便,灵敏度高,适用铜铅锌矿石中微量锗含量的测定。     

矿石中总铁含量测定结果不确定度的评定

采用直观的因果图，对矿石中总铁含量测量不确定度的来源及其对测量不确定度的影响进行分析。建立有效的数学模型，利用相对标准不确定度分步计算及整体合成进行测定结果不确定度的评定。     

二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠流动注射萃取分光光度法测定矿石中微…

本文对二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠（铜试剂）－四氯化碳流动注射萃取分光光度法测定矿石中微量铜进行了研究。与手工萃取法相比，本法最大特点是大量Ｍｎ＾２＋无干扰。方法操作简便、快速、可靠、毒性小；增样频率为２０次／小时，ＲＳＤ为３．５％。线性范围为０～１．２８μｇ／ｍｌ。方法用于测定矿石中微量铜，结果满意。     

铜离子选择性电极测定矿石和土壤中的铜

目前,已试制出各种类型的铜离子选择电极。本文报告用CuTe-Ag_2S制备的铜离子选择性电极测定铜的方法。研究了电极的使用条件和干扰的消除,用于一些矿石和土壤中铜的测定,结果和铜试剂比色法一致。实验部份铜离子选择性电极系本校化工厂试制,将其插入样品溶液,用双液接盐桥与饱和甘汞电极连接,组成测量电池。以pHS-2型酸度计和UJ-25型高电势直流电位差计联用测定该电池的电动势。为了保     

人血清与头发中铜,锌,铁,钙,镁,锰含量的相关分析

平行测定了５４例（男３１例，女２３例）成人血清和头发中铜，锌，铁，钙，镁和锰的含量，相关分析结果表明，血清与头发中６种元素的不相关两类样品比较，血清测定方法简便，误差小，但在检测人体内元素含量水平时，头发的测量结果比血清更灵敏。     

火焰原子吸收法测定粗锡中的铜含量

本文讨论了用火焰原子吸收法测定粗锡中的铜含量的方法。试料用盐酸、硝酸、酒石酸溶解。在5%盐酸介质中,使用空气-乙炔火焰,波长选用324.7 nm,用原子吸收光谱法测量铜的吸光度。以工作曲线法计算铜含量。研究了仪器的最佳测量条件,元素测定的质量数以及酸度的影响等实验。方法测定结果准确、可靠,样品加标回收率在97.20%~102.00%。能满足日常检测应用。     

恒电流电解-BCO分光光度法测定纯铜中铜含量不确定度的评定

对采用恒电流电解-BC0分光光度法测定纯铜中铜含量的不确定度进行了评定.对测量重复性、电解重量法、光度法等影响测量结果的不确定度分量进行了分析和量化.当纯铜中铜的质量分数为99.93%时,扩展不确定度为0.01%,k=2.     

铋试剂Ⅱ负载树脂同时分离富集铜和银的研究和应用

研究了硝酸介质中铜、银在铋试剂Ⅱ负载树脂上的分配性质,试验了五种流洗剂对铜、银的洗脱行为。确定了同时分离富集痕量铜和银的条件,用于矿石、水样中的铜、银分离,结果满意。     

电位滴定分析方法在地质样品主量元素检测中的应用

对电化学分析法与电位滴定法的发展进行了简要介绍。电位滴定法是将电位分析与传统滴定法进行结合的新型分析方法,其反应类型包括酸碱滴定、沉淀滴定、氧化还原滴定与络合滴定,因其仪器操作简单,终点判断更加明确且节省人力的特点而得到广泛关注,因此就近年来电位滴定在地质样品中主量元素检测的应用进行了总结,分别对石灰石、白云石、硅酸盐、铬矿石、铁矿石、锰矿石、铜矿石与水等地质样品的电位滴定检测方法进行了阐述,电位滴定的应用将随着技术发展得以提升。     

火试金法测定铜硫矿中的金和银量的研究

本文针对铜硫矿中铜含量较高的特性,建立了适合该试样的配料比、高温熔融,金、银与铅形成合金,利用其比重悬殊与熔渣分离,将铅扣灰吹得金、银合粒,用硝酸分金,用重量法测定金量,用容量法测定银量。方法的相对标准偏差0.66%到4.78%,加标回收率96.5%到100.6%。     

Spectrophotometric determination of copper(II) at low mug l(-1) levels using cation-exchange microcolumn in flow-injection

A simple spectrophotometric flow-injection method is reported for the highly sensitive and fast determination of copper(II). The method is based on the formation of coloured Cu(II)-(4-methylpiperidinedithiocarbamate)(2) complex when the copper solutions are introduced into a tertiary reagent stream containing 4-methylpiperidinedithiocarbamate. The coloured complex is then selectively monitored at 435 nm. To increase interactions between copper(II) and colour forming reagent and preconcentrate of copper(II), a microcolumn containing strong cation exchange resins was placed between injection manifold and spectrophotometer. The system required no mixing chamber and allowed a sample throughput >60 sample h(-1). The calibration graph was linear in the range 5-100 mug l(-1). The detection limit was <0.5 mug l(-1) for 20 mul injection volume of copper(II) ion solution. The developed method was applied to environmental, copper processing water, and ore samples.     

碘量法与电重法测定氧化铜矿中酸溶铜的方法比较

试料用含亚硫酸钠的硫酸(10%)溶液浸取,使铜的氧化物矿物选择溶解,过滤后加入溴饱和盐酸掩蔽砷和锑等金属,补加少量硫酸,蒸干后用硫酸溶解,用硫代硫酸钠标准溶液滴定测定氧化铜矿中酸溶铜的含量,此方法快速、稳定、准确。选取14个日常分析的样品进行测定,其结果与电解重量法比对,结果令人满意。     

Ultraviolet spectrophotometric determination of copper in copper ores by flow-injection analysis

A flow-injection analysis (FIA) method for the ultraviolet spectrophotometric determination of copper in copper ores is described. The ore samples are dissolved in concentrated perchloric acid, the excess acid is neutralized with ammonia solution, and the resulting solution is used for the determination of copper. The UV-FIA system is based on the reaction of copper (II) ions with pyrophosphate and subsequent measurement of the absorbance of the dipyrophosphatocuprate (II) complex at 240 nm. The main factors which control the formation of this complex and the FIA variables influencing the system are discussed. The calibration graph is linear from 2-50 ppm copper. At a sampling rate of about 70 samples h(-1) with 50 mul sample injections, precision was about 1% relative standard deviation. Results obtained compare well with those obtained by atomic absorption spectrometry.     

Direct Determination of Copper in Solids and Ores by Laser Ablation-Direct Current Argon Plasma Emission Spectrometry

Abstract

The use of a laser ablation-direct current argon plasma emission spectrometric system for the direct determination of metals in solids is described. Sample preparation of solid steel samples involves machining to fit the geometry of the ablation chamber. A cellulose binder and copper ore are mixed thoroughly in a ball mill to ensure homogeneity and pelletized in a press at 20000 psi to fit the geometry of the ablation chamber. Copper, manganese, and nickel are determined using the system on standard steel samples, and copper is determined in pelletized copper ore with good agreement obtained with certified values. Precisions are typically in the 3 - 10% range with a detectable limit of 100 μg g^?1 of copper.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定红土镍矿中铜、锌、铬含量

红土镍矿样品用盐酸、硝酸分解,残渣用焦硫酸钾熔融,在稀盐酸介质中,采用氘灯扣除背景,分别用原子吸收光谱仪于波长324.8,213.9,357.9 nm处,使用空气–乙炔火焰,测量铜、锌、铬的含量。在最佳实验条件下,铜、锌、铬的质量浓度分别在0.50～2.50,0.30～1.50,0.50～4.50 mg/L范围内与吸光度线性关系良好,相关系数r分别为0.9986,0.9943,0.9942。方法检出限铜为0.0067 mg/L,锌为0.0010 mg/L,铬为0.0014 mg/L,加标回收率为95.0%～105.7%。精密度试验验证铜、锌、铬的含量分别在0.01%～0.50%,0.01%～1.00%,0.01%～4.00%范围内重复性和再现性较好。此方法适合于红土镍矿中铜、锌、铬含量的测定。     

ICP-AES法测定铜镍矿、铅锌矿中铜、镍、铅、锌、钴

用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定铜镍矿、铅锌矿石中铜、镍、铅、锌、钴,样品用盐酸-硝酸溶解,在选定的测量条件下以ICP—AES测定溶液中的Cu、Ph、zn、Co、Ni的含量．对国家一级标准物质进行测定,方法精密度（RSD,n=12）为Cu 2．92％～6．62％,Pb 1．88％-2．61％,Zn 1．30％-2．05％,Co 6．90％,Ni 2．23％．本方法具有线性范围宽、干扰少、快速、简便、检出限低等优点．用于实际使用,结果满意．     

火试金-重量法测定铜硫矿中的金和银

针对铜硫矿中铜含量较高的特性,建立了适合该试样的配料比、高温熔融,金、银与铅形成合金,利用其比重悬殊与熔渣分离,将铅扣灰吹得金、银合粒,用硝酸分金,用重量法测定金量,用容量法测定银量。方法的相对标准偏差0.66%~4.8%,加标回收率96.5%~100.6%,方法准确度高、精密度好,可应用于生产及贸易结算中。     

Temperature effect on xanthate sorption by chalcopyrite

Xanthate ions sorption on copper ore (chalcopyrite) is studied as a function of temperature (273-293 K) in the pH range (8-11). The sorption of xanthate ions at all the pH values is observed to increase with the increase in temperature. The changes in pH, dissolution studies of the ore, SO2(4)- concentration determinations, and FTIR studies were employed to probe the mechanism of the process of adsorption. The results are found to fit successfully to the linear form of the Freundlich equation. The isosteric heats of adsorption (DeltaHi) are also calculated and show that the adsorption of xanthate on copper ore under the given experimental condition is endothermic in nature. The values of DeltaHi found are in conformity with the ion exchange sorption of xanthate by the chalcopyrite.