Fractional variational integrators for fractional variational problems

In this paper, the fractional variational integrators for a class of fractional variational problems are developed. The fractional discrete Euler-Lagrange equation is obtained. Based on the Grünwald-Letnikov method and Diethelm’s fractional backward differences, some fractional variational integrators are presented and the fractional variational errors are discussed. Some numerical examples are presented to illustrate these results.     

Stochastic response of a class of self-excited systems with Caputo-type fractional derivative driven by Gaussian white noise

The stochastic response of a class of self-excited systems with Caputo-type fractional derivative driven by Gaussian white noise is considered. Firstly, the generalized harmonic function technique is applied to the fractional self-excited systems. Based on this approach, the original fractional self-excited systems are reduced to equivalent stochastic systems without fractional derivative. Then, the analytical solutions of the equivalent stochastic systems are obtained by using the stochastic averaging method. Finally, in order to verify the theoretical results, the two most typical self-excited systems with fractional derivative, namely the fractional van der Pol oscillator and fractional Rayleigh oscillator, are discussed in detail. Comparing the analytical and numerical results, a very satisfactory agreement can be found. Meanwhile, the effects of the fractional order, the fractional coefficient, and the intensity of Gaussian white noise on the self-excited fractional systems are also discussed in detail.     

Laplace’s transform of fractional order via the Mittag–Leffler function and modified Riemann–Liouville derivative

We propose a (new) definition of a fractional Laplace’s transform, or Laplace’s transform of fractional order, which applies to functions which are fractional differentiable but are not differentiable, in such a manner that they cannot be analyzed by using the Djrbashian fractional derivative. After a short survey on fractional analysis based on the modified Riemann–Liouville derivative, we define the fractional Laplace’s transform. Evidence for the main properties of this fractal transformation is given, and we obtain a fractional Laplace inversion theorem.     

GENERALIZED FRACTIONAL TRACE VARIATIONAL IDENTITY AND A NEW FRACTIONAL INTEGRABLE COUPLINGS OF SOLITON HIERARCHY

Based on fractional isospectral problems and general bilinear forms, the gener-alized fractional trace identity is presented. Then, a new explicit Lie algebra is introduced for which the new fractional integrable couplings of a fractional soliton hierarchy are derived from a fractional zero-curvature equation. Finally, we obtain the fractional Hamiltonian structures of the fractional integrable couplings of the soliton hierarchy.     

Generalized Fractional Trace Variational Identity and A New Fractional Integrable Couplings of Soliton Hierarchy

Based on fractional isospectral problems and general bilinear forms, the generalized fractional trace identity is presented. Then, a new explicit Lie algebra is introduced for which the new fractional integrable couplings of a fractional soliton hierarchy are derived from a fractional zero-curvature equation. Finally, we obtain the fractional Hamiltonian structures of the fractional integrable couplings of the soliton hierarchy.     

The effect of fractional calculus on the formation of quantum-mechanical operators

In this paper, the deformation of the ordinary quantum mechanics is formulated based on the idea of conformable fractional calculus. Some properties of fractional calculus and fractional elementary functions are investigated. The fractional wave equation in 1 + 1 dimension and fractional version of the Lorentz transformation are discussed. Finally, the fractional quantum mechanics is formulated; infinite potential well problem, density of states for the ideal gas, and quantum harmonic oscillator problem are discussed.     

On chaos control and synchronization of the commensurate fractional order Liu system

In this work, we study chaos control and synchronization of the commensurate fractional order Liu system. Based on the stability theory of fractional order systems, the conditions of local stability of nonlinear three-dimensional commensurate fractional order systems are discussed. The existence and uniqueness of solutions for a class of commensurate fractional order Liu systems are investigated. We also obtain the necessary condition for the existence of chaotic attractors in the commensurate fractional order Liu system. The effect of fractional order on chaos control of this system is revealed by showing that the commensurate fractional order Liu system is controllable just in the fractional order case when using a specific choice of controllers. Moreover, we achieve chaos synchronization between the commensurate fractional order Liu system and its integer order counterpart via function projective synchronization. Numerical simulations are used to verify the analytical results.     

PROPERTIES OF FRACTIONAL k-FACTORS OF GRAPHS

In this paper the properties of some maximum fractional [0, k]-factors of graphs are presented. And consequently some results on fractional matchings and fractional 1-factors are generalized and a characterization of fractional k-factors is obtained.     

分数阶灰色累减生成算子及其性质研究

给出了分数阶灰色累减生成算子的详细推导过程,并证明了分数阶灰色累减生成算子的不动点定理、信息优先原理、交换律与指数律,为分数阶灰色预测模型提供了理论基础.算例验证了分数阶灰色累减生成算子的特征,在灰色预测模型GM(1,1)中的应用证明了分数阶灰色累减生成算子的有效性.     

PROPERTIES OF FRACTIONAL κ-FACTORS OF GRAPHS

In this paper the properties of some maximum fractional [0, κ]-factors of graphs are presented. And consequently some results on fractional matchings and fractional 1-factors are generalized and a characterization of fractional κ-factors is obtained.     

分数因子和分数哈密顿图

本文介绍了图的分数方面,将图中基于整数的定义和变量转化为分数形式．介绍了分数图论的一些新结果,特别是关于分数因子和分数哈密顿图的新结果,其中包括了作者最近得到的一些关于分数(g,f)-因子的若干结果．进而,提出了还没有解决的几个新问题．     

THE FRACTIONAL QUADRATIC-FORM IDENTITY AND BI-HAMILTONIAN STRUCTURES OF AN INTEGRABLE COUPLING OF THE FRACTIONAL COUPLED BURGERS HIERARCHY

Based on a general isospectral problem of fractional order and the fractional quadratic-form identity by Yue and Xia, the new integrable coupling of fractional coupled Burgers hierarchy and its fractional bi-Hamiltonian structures are obtained.     

PROPERTIES OF FRACTIONAL κ-FACTORS OF GRAPHS

In this paper the properties of some maximum fractional [0, κ]-factors of graphs are presented. And consequently some results on fractional matchings and fractional 1-factors are generalized and a characterization of fractional k-factors is obtained.     

Fractional sum and fractional difference on non-uniform lattices and analogue of Euler and Cauchy Beta formulas

As is well known, the definitions of fractional sum and fractional difference of f(z)on non-uniform lattices x(z) = c_1 z~2+ c_2 z + c_3 or x(z) = c_1 q~z+ c_2q~(-z)+ c_3 are more difficult and complicated. In this article, for the first time we propose the definitions of the fractional sum and fractional difference on non-uniform lattices by two different ways. The analogue of Euler's Beta formula, Cauchy' Beta formula on non-uniform lattices are established, and some fundamental theorems of fractional calculas, the solution of the generalized Abel equation on non-uniform lattices are obtained etc.     

The fractional supertrace identity and its application to the super Jaulent–Miodek hierarchy

In this paper, a fractional supertrace identity on superalgebras and Hamiltonian structure of the fractional soliton equation hierarchy are presented by using the modified Riemann–Liouville derivative and exterior derivatives of fractional orders. As applications, we get the fractional super Jaulent–Miodek (JM) hierarchy and its super Hamiltonian structure by using fractional supertrace identity. This method can be used to get more fractional super hierarchies.     

Flow and heat transfer of double fractional Maxwell fluids over a stretching sheet with variable thickness

This paper presents research on the fractional boundary layer flow and heat transfer over a stretching sheet with variable thickness. Based on the Caputo operators, the double fractional Maxwell model and generalized Fourier's law are introduced to the constitutive relationships. The governing equations are solved numerically by utilizing the finite difference method. The effects of fractional parameters on the velocity and temperature field are analyzed. The results indicate that the larger is the fractional stress parameter, the stronger is the elastic characteristic. However, fluids show viscous fluid-like behavior for a larger value of fractional strain parameter. Moreover, the numerical solutions are in good agreement with the exact solution and the convergence order can achieve the expected first order. The numerical method in this study is reliable and can be extended to other fractional boundary layer problems over a variable thickness sheet.     

Kaup-Newell族的分数阶非线性双可积耦合及其Hamilton结构

本文研究了Kaup-Newell族的分数阶非线性双可积耦合.利用分数阶等谱问题和非半单矩阵Lie代数上的非退化、对称双线性形式,得到了Kaup-Newell族的分数阶非线性双可积耦合,并求出了Kaup-Newell族双可积耦合的分数阶Hamilton结构.本文的方法还可以应用于其它孤子族分数阶可积耦合.     

Unsteady flow of viscoelastic fluid with the fractional K-BKZ model between two parallel plates

In the present paper, we investigate the unsteady flow of a viscoelastic fluid between two parallel plates which is generated by the impulsively accelerated motion of the bottom plate. Based on the result of (Jaishankar and McKinley, 2014), the fractional K-BKZ constitutive equation is obtained from the fractional Maxwell model. Using respectively the fractional Maxwell model and fractional K-BKZ model, the unidirectional flows between two plates are simulated and compared. The velocity field and shear stress of the flows are calculated by developing efficient finite difference schemes. The results show that the fluid with the fractional Maxwell model gradually loses the viscoelasticity, but the fluid with the fractional K-BKZ model continues to preserve the viscoelasticity. The dependence of the flow velocity on various parameters of the fractional K-BKZ model is analyzed graphically.     

Fractional Integrals on Variable Hardy–Morrey Spaces

Vector-valued fractional maximal inequalities on variable Morrey spaces are proved. Applying atomic decomposition of variable Hardy–Morrey spaces, we obtain the boundedness of fractional integrals on variable Hardy–Morrey spaces, which extends the Taibleson–Weiss’s results for the boundedness of fractional integrals on Hardy spaces. The corresponding boundedness for the fractional type integrals is also considered.     

非光滑函数的分数阶插值公式

本文基于局部分数阶Taylor展开式构造非光滑函数的分数阶插值公式,证明了插值公式的存在和唯一性,给出了分数阶插值的Lagrange表示形式及其误差余项,讨论了一种混合型的分段分数阶插值和整数阶插值的收敛阶.数值算例验证了对于非光滑函数分数阶插值明显优于通常的多项式插值,并说明在实际计算中采用分段混合分数阶和整数阶插值可以使得插值误差在区间上分布均匀,能够极大地提高插值精度.