35MeV/u 36Ar+112,124Sn反应中中等质量碎片关联函数的入射道依赖

³⁶Ar+^112,124Sn反应中小角关联出射的中等质量碎片(IMF)约化速度关联函数. 结果表明³⁶Ar+¹²⁴Sn反应系统中的约化速度关联函数在小约化速度处的反关联程度比³⁶Ar+¹¹²Sn反应系统中的强, 表现出明显的入射道依赖性. 考察出射粒子对的单核子总动量时, 发现这种差异主要来自于高动量粒子对的贡献. 用三体弹道理论模型MENEKA分别计算了两个系统的IMF发射时标, 在³⁶Ar+¹¹²Sn反应系统中约为150fm/c, 而在³⁶Ar+¹²⁴Sn反应系统中, 约为120fm/c. 同位旋相关的量子分子动力学计算表明, ³⁶Ar+¹²⁴Sn系统中IMF的发射时间谱比³⁶Ar+¹¹²Sn系统略有前移, 相应地, 其中心密度从最高点随时间的下降亦比³⁶Ar+¹¹²Sn系统略快.     

形变对10.6MeV/u 84Kr+27Al反应裂变前粒子发射的影响

研究了形变效应对10.6MeV/u ⁸⁴Kr+²⁷Al反应中断前粒子发射的影响.发现通过测量的裂变前粒子多重性提取的裂变延迟时间将因此从20×10^－21s减少到5×10^－21s,表明增强的断前粒子发射有一部分来自形变效应的贡献.     

在33.4MeV/u 17N与9Be反应中中子发射的起源

在不同角度测得的33.4MeV/u ¹⁷N+⁹Be反应中,发射中子的能谱具有复杂的形式,而且随着角度的增大显示出有规律的变化.发射中子至少来源于靶弹核间的核子–核子碰撞、¹⁷N的破裂反应以及熔合热核的统计蒸发三种不同起源.分析结果表明:反应体系三种起源的发射中子截面分别为4.49,0.44和5.5b.     

40Ca+58Fe,58Ni反应中的径向膨胀流研究

利用同位旋相关的Boltzmann-Langevin方程研究了⁴⁰Ca+⁵⁸Fe和⁴⁰Ca+⁵⁸Ni两个反应系统在53,100,150和200MeV/u入射能量下对心碰撞的径向膨胀流.发现对于丰中子系统⁴⁰Ca+⁵⁸Fe的径向膨胀流系统性地小于稳定系统⁴⁰Ca+⁵⁸Ni的径向膨胀流.在假定轰击能量与反应体系的压缩密度呈抛物线关系时,能够解释入射能量和径向膨胀流之间呈现的直线关系.提取了出现径向膨胀流的轰击能量阈值,发现对丰中子系统⁴⁰Ca+⁵⁸Fe得到的能量阈值小于稳定系统⁴⁰Ca+⁵⁸Ni所得到的能量阈值.     

10.6MeV/u 84Kr+27Al碰撞中粒子发射的方位角分布和方位角关联

研究了10.6MeV/u ⁸⁴Kr+²⁷Al反应中与碎片符合的轻带电粒子发射,重点研究了用二阶傅里叶级数拟合发射粒子的方位角分布和方位角关联得出的二阶各向异性系数的性质.结果证实了一个事件中的粒子都以相同方位角分布统计独立发射.发现二阶各向异性系数同碎片的质量用微弱的信赖性,并随发射粒子质量的增加而增加.     

中能区40Ar+197Au反应中轻粒子的发射时间测量

本文报道了25MeV/u ⁴⁰Ar+¹⁹⁷Au反应中粒子-粒子关联函数的实验结果.利用三体弹道模型从关联函数提取了轻粒子发射时间.轻粒子的平均发射时间随粒子能量而变化,从低能时的约300fm/c下降至高能时的约100fm/c.     

97MeV 16O轰击51V靶出射α粒子的测量与理论分析

用不同种类的粒子望远镜测量了97MeV ¹⁶O+⁵¹V反应中出射的α粒子.得到了单举α粒子能谱、角分布、E-θ平面内的d²σ/dEdΩ截面等高图及速度平面内的d²σ/PCdEdΩ截面等高图.区分了复合核蒸发的α粒子与直接机制发射的α粒子.用激子模型对预平衡发射的α粒子贡献进行估计,得到的预平衡发射和复合核蒸发分别在α粒子总产额中所占的比份.     

12C+159Tb,12C+165Ho熔合截面的测量

我们测量了库仑位垒附近¹²C+¹⁵⁹Tb、¹²C+¹⁶⁵Ho反应的熔合截面.实验中用Si(Li)X射线谱仪离线测量了蒸发余核的特征K-X射线能谱,从而得到了蒸发余核的半寿命及其蒸发余核生成分支比.最后获得了熔合截面,并与理论计算值进行了比较.     

缺中子130Pm和128Pr核的EC/β+衰变研究

171MeV³⁶Ar束轰击⁹⁶Ru靶由熔合蒸发反应生成了¹³⁰Pm和¹²⁸Pr核.由氦喷嘴快速带传输系统将反应产物送到低本底区.基于X-γ-t,γ-γ-t符合测量,首次建立了¹³⁰Pm的(EC+β⁺)衰变纲图.重新研究了¹²⁸Pr核的衰变,订正和补充了γ射线,建立了新的(EC+β⁺)衰变纲图.     

46.7MeV/u 12C+58Ni、115In、197Au α粒子发射研究

本文报道了46.7MeV/u ¹²C轰击⁵⁸Ni、¹¹⁵In、¹⁹⁷Au反应发射α粒子的角分布和能谱.从速度表象中洛仑兹不变截面等高图中明显看到发射α粒子的三个源.用这三个源的运动源模型成功地拟合了α粒子能谱,所提取的强相互作用源参数符合费米气体模型计算结果,并讨论了能谱及拟合参数对靶的依赖关系.认为快速源实质上来自弹核碎裂或类弹核碎裂.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.