二甲酚橙螯合形成树脂特性的研究

引言近年来,我们曾以强碱性阴离子树脂转化成具有二甲酚橙(XO)或8-羟基喹啉-5-磺酸(HQS)螯合基团的树脂,分别称为XO或HQS螯合形成树脂(以下简称XO-树脂),国内也有人称为树脂试剂。目前对这类树脂已有多篇报导。本文研究了pH和浓度对阴离子交换树脂吸附XO的影响;还通过XO-树脂对铜、钴离子的吸着,用原子吸收法研究了XO-树脂的特性;最后研究了XO-树脂在不同介质中的稳定性。     

基于拉伸分子动力学模拟的黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制剂解离途径的理论研究

采用拉伸分子动力学模拟的方法研究了黄嘌呤氧化酶(Xanthine oxidase, XO)抑制剂别嘌呤醇(Allopurinol)和葛根素(Puerarin)从XO离去通道解离的动态过程. 分子对接结果表明, 别嘌呤醇和葛根素均结合在XO的钼蝶呤中心(Molybdopterin, Mo-pt); 丙氨酸扫描的结果显示, Val789, Arg880, Phe911, Phe914和Val1081在XO与抑制剂的结合中起到非常重要的作用. 拉伸分子动力学模拟结果显示, 相比于葛根素, 别嘌呤醇需要更大的外力和更长的时间才能从XO中解离, 拉伸过程中Arg880, Phe1009, Thr1010, Val1011和Ala1079均对维持2种复合物的结构稳定起到重要作用, Phe649和Phe1013在抑制剂解离过程中起到门控的作用, His875起到阻碍抑制剂解离的作用.     

吐温60-盐-水溶性螯合剂液-固萃取体系

吐温60水溶液在无机盐存在下能分成液-固两相。本文研究了水溶性螯合剂偶氮胂Ⅲ、XO在两相间的分配。讨论了用XO作萃取剂,Zr(Ⅳ)、Bi(Ⅲ)、Cu(Ⅱ)、Sc(Ⅲ)在吐温60固相中的萃取行为。实现了Zr(Ⅳ)-Sc(Ⅲ)、Zr(Ⅳ)-Cu(Ⅱ)的定量分离,初步探讨了吐溫60相的萃取机理。     

稀土元素的电分析化学研究——铕-二甲酚橙极谱催化波

本文提出了一种铕(Ⅲ)-二甲酚橙(XO)在导数示波极谱中的灵敏催化波,应用于发光材料中微量铕的测定。研究了这个催化波的机理,证明它既有络合物吸附波的性质,又有XO的还原产物XH为氧化剂的平行催化波的性质,因此在稀土中铕的催化波最灵敏。     

二甲酚橙-溴化十六烷基三甲基铵分光光度法测定钙和镁

二甲酚橙(XO)光度法测定钙、镁已有报道。但在碱性介质中XO显紫红色影响测定。据报道溴化十六烷基三甲基铵(CTMAB)可使紫红色褪为灰白色。本文研究了在CTMAB存在下、XO与Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)的络合反应,并用于光度分析。采用适当掩蔽剂测定了铁矿石、硅酸岩和自来水样品中的钙、镁,方法简便、可靠。实验部分 1.仪器和试剂: (1)仪器:上海721型分光光度计;日本岛津UV-210A型分光光度计。 (2)钙标液:取高纯氧化钙配制成2.0×10~(-4)M溶液。     

二甲酚橙光度法测定铍青铜中铍

铍的光度测定方法较多,但铍青铜中铍的测定多采用铬天菁S法。笔者采用MTB光度法也获得了良好结果。本文研究了铍(Ⅱ)与二甲酚橙(XO)形成红色络合物的组成及其吸光性质,试验了适宜的显色条件。结果证明,铍(Ⅱ)和XO在pH(?)4的微酸性或碱性溶液中均能形成稳定的红色络合物,并在pH6.4左右的乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲液介质中形成Be∶XO=2∶3的络合物且至少稳定8小时,其λ_(max)为510nm,摩尔吸光系数如ε_(510)=1.0×10~4,铍量在1—25微克/50毫升服从比尔定律。EDTA存在下方法有良好的选择     

二甲酚橙-溴化十六烷基三甲基铵分光光度法测定微量镍

本文研究了二甲酚橙(XO)-溴化十六烷基三甲基铵(CTMAB)和镍形成的三元络合物。在CTMAB存在下,镍和XO形成络合比为1:2的蓝色络合物,最大吸收在614nm处。在用冰水冷却显色液的条件下加入少量EDTA,可使灵敏度显著提高,摩尔吸光系数为1.05×10~5。含镍量在0—9微克/25毫升范围内符合比尔定律。应用本法测定了合金钢和土壤中的镍。     

停止-流动分光光度法研究铕(II)与二甲酚橙快速电子转移反应动力学

用停止-流动分光光度法研究了Eu~(2+)与二甲酚橙(XO)间快速电子转移反应的动力学规律。求得了速控步骤的动力学参数。如反应级数(n=2)、几个不同温度下的速率常数(k_(278 K)=5.7×10~8 L·mol~-·s~(-1), k_(s38 K)=1.01×10~9 L·mol~(-1)·s~(-1))、活化能(E=7.6×10~3 J·mol~(-1)), 以及指前因子(A=1.5×10~(10) L·mol~(-1)·s~(-1)), 并判断出其为溶液中扩散控制型反应。根据实验现象与测试结果, 提出了Eu~(2+)与XO的反应分别在Eu~(2+)相对过量和在XO过量时的反应机理, 并判断了各反应步骤速率常数之间的相对关系。     

β修正—XO新光度法测定痕量锌

本文根据β修正值光度测定的原理,研究了在pH5的HOAc-NaOAc缓冲溶液中Zn(Ⅱ)与二甲酚橙试剂(XO)的显色反应,该方法能消除显色液中剩余XO 吸收影响,从而使分析灵敏度提高,β修正吸光度A_β与Zn(Ⅱ)浓度间呈良好线性关系.γ值为0.9998.方法的RSD≤1.9%,加标回收率90.7%～107%.该方法可用于饮用水、天然水及食品和饮料中锌的测定.     

停止-流动分光光度法研究铕(Ⅱ)与二甲酚橙快速电子转移反应动力学

用停止-流动分光光度法研究了Eu~(2+)与二甲酚橙(XO)间快速电子转移反应的动力学规律。求得了速控步骤的动力学参数。如反应级数(n=2)、几个不同温度下的速率常数(k_(278K)=5.7×10~8L·mol~-·s~(-1),k_(s38K)=1.01×10~9L·mol~(-1)·s~(-1))、活化能(E=7.6×10~3J·mol~(-1)),以及指前因子(A=1.5×10~(10)L·mol~(-1)·s~(-1)),并判断出其为溶液中扩散控制型反应。根据实验现象与测试结果,提出了Eu~(2+)与XO的反应分别在Eu~(2+)相对过量和在XO过量时的反应机理,并判断了各反应步骤速率常数之间的相对关系。     

Metal Ion Chelation Chromatography on Complexon Sorbed Stannic Silicate

Abstract

Stannic silicate has been sorbed with complexones like xylenol orange, eriochrome black T and 1,10-phenanthroline for use as a chelate ion exchanger. The sorption capacity for different metals has been worked out. Kd values have been determined. Xylenol orange was used for the separation of Th(IV) from Cd(II) and Zn(II) and Cu(II) from Cd(II) and Zn(II), 1,10 phenanthroline for the separation of Fe(II) from Fe(III). These separations are based on the stabilities of the various complexes formed by the interaction of metal inns with complexones. By elution of metal ions which forms less stable complexes with the complexones no evidence of complexing agent in the eluate was found.     

镉基体分离及纯镉中杂质成分的ICP-MS法测定

研究了用阴离子交换树脂分离纯镉中铜、锌、铅、铁的条件，所得优化分离条件为：717型阴离子交换树脂柱，样品溶液为2mol/L HCl溶液；三段淋洗液依次为2mol/L HCl溶液、0．2mol/L HBr 0．25mol/L HNO3的混合酸溶液及3mol/L HNO3溶液。经ICP-MS测定证明，95％以上的镉得到分离，95％以上的铜、锌、铅、铁可以分离测定，有效地降低了ICP-MS测定纯镉中铜、锌、铅、铁时镉基体的干扰。     

Methode d'elution selective pour l'extraction des metaux lourds de l'eau de mer sur resine chelatante: A selective method of elution for the extraction of heavy metals from sea waters on a chelating resin

A selective method of elution for the extraction of heavy metals from sea waters on a chelating resin.The extraction of heavy metals in sea water with Chelex 100 prior to their determination by atomic absorption spectrometry (a.a.s.) with electrothermal atomization is discussed. Maximum retention of heavy metals is not obtained with the resin in the H⁺ form, because it is gradually transformed in contact with sea water by the fixation of alkali and alkaline-earth cations which are eluted simultaneously with the heavy metals and interfere during a.a.s. The separation of heavy metals is quantitative on Chelex 100 in the Ca²⁺ form; treatment with dilute acetic acid (1 + 99) eliminates the alkali and alkaline-earth metals fixed on the resin before elution or the heavy metals. Elution with 1 M nitric acid gives simultaneous and quantitative recovery of Cu, Pb, Ni, Zn, Cd and Co; intermediate elution with 0.01 M nitric acid isolates Zn, Cd and Co from Cu and Pb, which are subsequently eluted with 1 M nitric acid.     

Amberlite XAD-7 impregnated with Xylenol Orange: a chelating collector for preconcentration of Cd(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Zn(II) and Fe(III) ions prior to their determination by flame AAS

A new chelating resin, Xylenol Orange coated Amberlite XAD-7, was prepared and used for preconcentration of Cd(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Fe(III), Ni(II) and Zn(II) prior to their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The optimum pH values for quantitative sorption of Cd(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Fe(III), Ni(II) and Zn(II) are 4.5-5.0, 4.5, 4.0-5.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 5.0-7.0, respectively, and their desorptions by 2 mol L(-1) HCl are instantaneous. The sorption capacity of the resin has been found to be 2.0, 2.6, 1.6, 1.6, 2.6 and 1.8 mg g(-1) of resin for Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Ni and Zn, respectively. The tolerance limits of electrolytes, NaCl, NaF, NaI, NaNO3, Na2SO4 and of cations, Mg2+ and Ca2+ in the sorption of the six metal ions are reported. The preconcentration factor was between 50 and 200. The t1/2 values for sorption are found to be 5.3, 2.9, 3.2, 3.3, 2.5 and 2.6 min for the six metals, respectively. The recoveries are between 96.0 and 100.0% for the different metals at preconcentration limits between 10 to 40 ng mL(-1). The preconcentration method has been applied to determine the six metal ions in river water samples after destroying the organic matter (if present in very large amount) with concentrated nitric acid (RSD < or = 8%, except for Cd for which it is upto 12.6%) and cobalt content of vitamin tablets with RSD of approximately 3.0%.     

Flow injection spectrophotometric determination of copper, iron, manganese, and zinc in animal feeds using a common manifold

A rapid and simple procedure was developed for the determination of copper, iron, manganese, and zinc in animal feeds using an identical flow injection spectrophotometric manifold but different chromogenic reagents and different detection wavelengths. Bis(cyclohexanone)oxalydihydrazone, formaldoxime, 1,10-phenanthroline, and xylenol orange were adopted as chromogenic reagents for Cu, Mn, Fe, and Zn, respectively. Detection conditions such as manifold parameters, buffer pH, reagent concentration, temperature, and acidity of sample solution were optimized. Analytical characteristics of the method and interference of metal ions commonly present in feeds were studied. By changing the reagents and detection wavelengths, which can be done quickly, the proposed low cost flow injection system can determine Cu, Fe, Mn, or Zn in the range of 0.5-10 mg/L with a sampling throughput of 120/h.     

Synthesis, characterization and applications of pyrocatechol modified amberlite XAD-2 resin for preconcentration and determination of metal ions in water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS)

A new chelating resin is prepared by coupling Amberlite XAD-2 with pyrocatechol through an azo spacer, characterized (by elemental analysis, IR and TGA) and studied for preconcentrating Cd(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Fe(III), Ni(II) and Zn(II) using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) for metal monitoring. The sorption is quantitative in the pH range 3.0-6.5, whereas quantitative desorption occurs instantaneously with 2 M HCl or HNO(3) The sorption capacity has been found to be in the range 0.023-0.092 mmol g(-1) of resin. The loading half time (t(1/2)) is 1.4, 4.8, 1.6, 3.2, 2.3 and 1.8 min, respectively for Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Ni and Zn. The tolerance limits of electrolytes NaCl, NaBr, NaNO(3), Na(2)SO(4) and Na(3)PO(4) in the sorption of all the six metal ions (0.2 mug ml(-1)) are reported. The Mg(II) and Ca(II) are tolerable with each of them (0.2 mug ml(-1)) up to a concentration level of 0.01-1.0 M. The enrichment factor has been found to be 200 except for Fe and Cu for which the values are 80 and 100, respectively. The lowest concentration of metal ion for quantitative recovery is 5, 10, 20, 25, 10 and 10 mug l(-1) for Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Ni and Zn, respectively. The simultaneous determination of all these metal ions is possible and the method has been applied to determine all the six metal ions in tap and river water samples (RSD相似文献   

Simultaneous multi-element analysis for trace metals in sea water by inductively-coupled plasma/atomic emission spectrometry after batch preconcentration on a chelating resin

Batch treatment with Chelex-100 resin was investigated for preconcentration of trace metals in sea water followed by determination by inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The preconcentration conditions such as resin weight, stirring time, and amount of ammonium acetate buffer solution were carefully examined for effective multi-element preconcentration from sea water. The resin weight could be decreased to 0.5 g (dry weight) for 1 l of sea water, which was much less than that required in the column method, and a preconcentration factor of 100 was achieved. Al, Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Mo, Cd and Pb in sea water were measured with good precision. The detection limits ranged from 6 to 180 ng l^?1. The time required for one sample by the batch method was only 3 h.     

ICP-AES法测定锌阳极中的铝、镉、铁、铜、铅

通过分析高频功率、雾化压力、辅助气流量和泵速等试验条件，建立了ICP-AES法测定锌阳极中铝、镉、铁、铜、铅的方法。用该方法测定锌阳极中的铝、镉、铁、铜、铅，其RSD分别为0.17%、0.63%、2.7%、5.2%、2.5%，回收率分别为99.3%-101.2%，99.3%-100.3%、97.1%-102.2%、97.8%-102.9%。对锌阳极试样进行测定，该方法的测定结果与GB4951-85方法的测定结果基本一致。     

On-line preconcentration and ICP determination for trace metal analysis

The use of a closed-loop on-line enrichment procedure in combination with an ICP plasma emission spectrometer has been developed for the analysis of trace metal ions, such as Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. The procedure utilizes a preconcentration column filled with an anion exchange resin and 8-hydroxy-7-iodoquinoline-5-sulphonic acid is added to the sample prior to preconcentration. Details on the optimization of pretreatment and instrumental conditions are described. Results obtained for the analysis of river water and antarctic seawater are reported.Presented in part at the 1989 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Reutte, Austria     

Azocalix[4]pyrrole Amberlite XAD-2: New polymeric chelating resins for the extraction, preconcentration and sequential separation of Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) in natural water samples

Two novel azocalix[4]pyrrole Amberlite XAD-2 polymeric chelating resins were synthesized by covalently linking diazotized Amberlite XAD-2 with calix[4]pyrrole macrocycles. The chelating resins were used for extraction, preconcentration and sequential separation of metal ions such as Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) by column chromatography prior to their determination by UV/vis spectrophotometry or flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS) or inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Various parameters such as effect of pH on absorption, concentration of eluting agents, flow rate, total sorption capacity, exchange kinetics, preconcentration factor, distribution coefficient, breakthrough capacity and resin stability, were optimized for effective separation and preconcentration. The resin showed good ability for the separation of metal ions from binary and ternary mixture on the basis of pH of absorption and concentration of eluting agents. The newly synthesized resins showed good potential for trace enrichment of Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) metal ions, especially for Cu(II), as compared to the earlier reported resins. The synthesized resins were recycled at least 8-10 times without much affecting column sorption capacity. The presented method was successfully applied for determination of Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) in natural and ground water samples.