嘉兴地区农村经济发展战略模型

本课题通过嘉兴地区农村经济现状分析，在建立地区农村经济评价指标体系基础上，利用灰色系统原理，对农村经济内部进行关联度分析．利用多元分析方法对３０３户抽样调查资料进行了处理．利用系统动力学原理，对嘉兴地区乡村工业建立了ＳＤ模型并进行政策性仿真．通过定性和定量分析，充分研究了地区农村经济的发展战略，为嘉兴地区农村经济的进一步发展提供了理论依据．     

“小组合作学习”在农村数学教学中的实施研究

为促进城乡教育均衡发展,国家加大了对农村学校的投入力度.近年来,农村学校的硬件设施有了明显的改善,但与城市学校相比农村学校还存在教学质量落后、师资水平薄弱等不足.如何快速提升农村学校的办学质量,改变农村教师的教学观念,本文结合农村数学教学的现状,确立了"问题引入、小组互助、当堂反馈、课后补救"的小组合作学习     

某些分布乘式积

为寻求一个地区农村能源开发利用的合理途径,我们就四川省米易县农村能源资源以及消费现状进行了大量调查研究。根据本县能源消费、能源资源、经济发展规划以及能源资源与需求预测等专题分析数据,运用线性规划模型进行了农村能源开发利用的优化设计,并对计算机求解的结果进行了分析评价。     

一种新的低湖平原水系整治的动态规划模型与算法

本文以四湖地区为代表的低湖平原为研究对象，研究了该类地区的水利系统优化问题，尤其是汛期的涝水优化调度问题．应用大系统分解协调原理建立了具有两层结构的数学模型．在应用动态规划法对子系统进行动态寻优时，采用了一种很有特色的用混合进位制数描述系统状态的技巧，并对监利新兴垸的水利系统进行了实例计算，显示了该模型及算法的可行性和灵活性．     

山西能源消费与经济增长的灰色关联度分析——基于能源结构约束的视角

根据2000-2016年山西省煤炭、汽油、天然气、电力等常规能源与生产总值的有关统计数据,应用灰色关联分析方法,对山西省地区生产总值与常规能源消费之间的关联程度进行了量化.结果显示与生产总值关联度从大到小依次为煤炭(0.69)、电力(0.67)、汽油(0.59)、天然气(0.58),煤炭、以煤炭支撑的电力占据山西省能源消费量的最大比重,这种严重依赖煤炭的能源消费结构抑制了山西省低碳经济发展战略目标的实现.     

新课标下农村高中数学教师培训工作中的思考与对策

数学课程改革已经经历了三个不同的发展阶段:激情阶段→困惑阶段→务实阶段(南京大学哲学系郑毓信教授对当前中学数学改革现状的判断),笔者所在的农村地区的高中数学新课改也已走过了两个春秋.     

西藏农村初中办学条件的计量与评价

教育均衡是我国义务教育发展的重要战略,其重点关注对象是教育欠发达地区.从地域方位看,应重点关注西部地区;从地域的行政区划看,应重点关注农村地区.故选取西藏农村地区初中学校办学条件作为研究对象,运用因子分析和ward聚类分析法对2019年西藏自治区农村地区68个县级行政区进行综合排序和分类,并从基础教育教学资源、知识拓展...     

基于德尔菲-层次分析法和灰色关联分析的城市公共服务设施承载力评价研究

在当前我国城市化进程加快的形势下,承载政府基本公共服务职能和保障城市运行的城市公共服务设施承载能力面临压力和挑战.在对城市公共服务设施范畴、种类、配置、衡量标准等全面分析的基础上,采用文献法和德尔菲法从中小学教育设施、医疗卫生设施、文化体育设施、社会福利与保障设施、基础生活设施、道路与交通设施、环保卫生绿化设施七个方面确定17种具体公共服务设施并选取47个衡量指标构建城市公共服务设施承载力评价体系,并运用层次分析法计算指标权重.基于德尔菲-层次分析法构建的城市公共服务设施承载力评价体系,采用灰色关联分析法对全国35个城市公共服务设施承载能力现状与城市经济社会发展的协调程度进行实证,验证了构建城市公共服务设施承载力评价体系的价值意义.     

云南沿边地区农村劳动力转移培训效应分析——基于2006-2008年2053户农村家庭数据

农村劳动力转移培训项目是云南沿边地区农村反贫困的重要措施之一。本文以云南红河和德宏民族自治州2053户农户数据为例,描述农村劳动力转移培训的参与情况,并采用倾向得分匹配估计模型估计培训效应。结果显示:2006-2008年样本农户年均培训参与率为26.39%;参加培训的农户能从项目中获得的收益最大(18.99%),未参加培训的农户从项目中获得的收益最小(18.09%)。这一方面证实了农村劳动力转移培训项目作为沿边地区农村反贫措施的有效性,另一方面也说明云南沿边地区农村劳动力转移培训对象选择的针对性。     

物质资本、人力资本、就业结构与西部民族地区农户收入增长

本文基于西部少数民族地区农户收入的微观数据,探讨了利用多水平模型分析具有分层结构数据的统计建模和估计问题,并从物质资本、人力资本、就业结构三个方面研究了影响农村农户收入及其增长的因素及其特征。通过对所得结果的分析,提出了西部少数民族地区农村经济发展的相关政策建议。     

基于熵权物元的大型水利工程项目风险评价研究

大型水利工程项目是典型的复杂系统工程,为了准确预测大型水利工程风险等级,降低事故风险,论文从管理、技术、经济、政策、环境五个方面选取影响水利工程项目风险的14个指标,建立了水利工程项目风险评价指标体系.借助熵权法确定各项指标的权重,分析影响项目风险的主要因素,之后利用物元分析理论定量评价项目的风险状况.通过分析可知:跨国项目中,政策风险占比重最大;偏远地区,经济风险占比最高;管理风险与技术风险的权重在各个项目中接近且稳定.     

Planning Urban Recreational Facilities with Integer Goal Programming

Urban planners are often involved in the determination of where recreational facilities (i.e. pools, gymnasia, tennis courts, etc.) should be located within the city. This problem is complicated by the planners' desire to realize certain goals in the allocation process. They desire to build only facilities for which there are sufficient construction funds and which can be operated within a predetermined budget. In addition they desire to satisfy the demands of the residents of the city for different facilities. However, these demands are often conflicting since many urban areas are somewhat segregated with the inner city being predominantly minority/lower income and the outer city consisting of white/upper income groups. These different groups enjoy different types of recreation, and, thus, demand different facilities. Since this is basically an allocation problem with multiple conflicting objectives, goal programming surfaces as an appropriate solution technique. This paper describes an integer (0-1) goal programming model for the recreational allocation problem and demonstrates its use via a case example. The model results specify the facilities which should be constructed that best meet the conflicting goals.     

基于Vague集的水电工程方案模糊综合评价

水利工程建设方案决策是多目标综合评价问题,系统指标信息具有复杂、多变,模糊、不确定等特点,采用Vague集相似度量评价模型构建水利工程建设方案综合决策模型,建立基于Vlague集的指标隶属度计算方法,构造基于Vague集相似度的多目标方案评价.针对建设方案决策评价指标的不确定性,通过肯定、踌躇、否定的Vague集相似度量概念延伸了传统模糊集的评价、分析方式.将方法应用于水利工程建设方案决策实例,取得较为满意的结果,表明了方法的合理可行性,为水利工程的建设方案评价提供了科学决策的新途径.     

Dynamic evolution of economically preferred facilities

In a sustained development scenario, it is often the case that an investment is to be made over time in facilities that generate benefits. The benefits result from joint synergies between the facilities expressed as positive utilities specific to some subsets of facilities. As incremental budgets to finance fixed facility costs become available over time, additional facilities can be opened. The question is which facilities should be opened in order to guarantee that the overall benefit return over time is on the highest possible trajectory. This problem is common in situations such as ramping up a communication or transportation network where the facilities are hubs or service stations, or when introducing new technologies such as alternative fuels for cars and the facilities are fueling stations, or when expanding the production capacity with new machines, or when facilities are functions in a developing organization that is forced to make choices of where to invest limited funding.     

多个同频摇荡剖面引起的水面波辐射

在内场中使用简单Green函数的边界元方法与外场的速度势特征函数展开式相结合,用于求解多个同频摇荡剖面引起的水面波辐射问题的频域解·　方法适用于外场为定深的水域以及内场的复杂边界条件,各剖面的摇荡模态、幅值和相位可以互不相同·　利用摄动展开完整地求解了流场的二阶速度势和各个剖面所受的一、二阶水动力·　与单个剖面的情况相比,数值结果证实了多个剖面辐射引起的诸如水波共振和负附加质量等水动力干扰现象,这对于多体结构的锚泊系统和其它海洋工程设施的设计是很重要的·     

Lost demand in a competitive environment

In most analyses performed on consumer behaviour in a competitive environment, it is assumed that discretionary buying power devoted to a certain product category exists in a trade area. The goal is to estimate how this buying power is distributed among competing retail facilities in the area. In this paper, we assume that in many competitive situations not all the buying power is spent at the competing facilities because there are other facilities that offer substitute products. These substitute products are not as desirable as the product in question, but customers will purchase the less desirable substitutes if they are more conveniently available. We construct a model that considers a decline in demand as a function of the distance to competing facilities. If the competing facilities are close to the customers, a larger portion of the buying power will be spent at these facilities. Two objectives are considered. One is the maximization of the buying power spent at all competing facilities, and the second is the maximization of the buying power captured by one's chain of retail facilities. Solution methods for the location of one facility are proposed and computational experiments with these methods are reported.     

多元统计在海南农业区域经济分析中的应用

利用多元统计中的主成分和聚类分析对海南各市县的农业产量进行研究,得出代表海南的传统农业产量区及热带作物产量区,并对上述产量区进行分类.此外,还对各市县农业现状进行对应分析,得出各市县农业产业结构特征和主导产业,结论较为合理.     

Locating an obnoxious facility within a polygonal region

The purpose of this paper is to review some of the many instances in which a location analyst must make a decision as to where an obnoxious facility should be placed. An obnoxious facility is one that can be defined as a facility which has undesirable interactions with existing facilities. Examples include equipment which emit pollutants such as particulates, noise and radiation or warehouses that contain flammable materials. Other obnoxious facilities include machines that are potential sources of hazards to nearby machines and workers. The interaction between the obnoxious facility and each existing facility is reflected through a weighting factor. The feasible region is considered to be continuous in the form of a convex or nonconvex simple polygon. Since the new facility is to be located away from the existing facilities, an appropriate criterion for optimization is the MAXIMIN or the MAXISUM criterion. Algorithms are reviewed for two common metrics under both criteria, i.e. Euclidean and rectilinear.     

Locating disaster response facilities in Istanbul

We study the problem of locating disaster response and relief facilities in the city of Istanbul, where a massively destructive earthquake is expected to occur in the near future. The Metropolitan Municipality of Istanbul decided to establish facilities to preposition relief aid and execute post-disaster response operations. We propose a two-tier distribution system that utilizes existing public facilities locally in addition to the new facilities that will act as regional supply points. We develop mathematical models to decide on the locations of the new facilities with the objectives of minimizing the average-weighted distance between casualty locations and closest facilities, and opening a small number of facilities, subject to distance limits and backup requirements under regional vulnerability considerations. We analyze the trade-offs between these two objectives under various disaster scenarios and investigate the solutions for several modelling extensions. The results demonstrate that a small number of facilities will be sufficient and their locations are robust to various parameter and modelling changes.     

电动公交枢纽直流快速充电模式及充电设施最优配置

发展电动公交能减少燃油消耗和城市污染物排放,对改善城市环境具有十分重要的意义.提出一种能显著减少电动公交运营成本的直流快速充电方式及相应的充电设施的建设模式.对公交枢纽直流快速充电模式下电动公交充电服务排队模型、高峰和平峰期充电设施最优配置模型进行了研究,并通过算例验证了这些模型的有效性.研究成果对我国电动公交的充电设施建设具有借鉴意义.