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Defining speed of diffusion as the amount of time it takes to get from one penetration level to a higher one, we introduce a dynamic model in which we study the link between pricing policy, speed of diffusion, and number of competitors in the market. Our analysis shows that, in the case of strategic (oligopolistic) competition, the speed of diffusion has an important influence on the optimal pricing policy. In particular, we find that higher speeds of diffusion create an incentive to strategically interacting firms to lower their prices. 相似文献
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给出动态随机弹性的概念及运算性质,讨论了动态随机弹性在期权定价模型中的应用.主要结果有:(1)在波动率为常数时,期权价格对的弹性,得到了动态随机弹性服从运动,并给出了相应的经济解释;(2)由于波动率一般不是常数,也是随机过程,因此本文进一步研究了期权价格对波动率的弹性,就股票价格的波动情况给出了数学描述和金融意义上的解释. 相似文献
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标的股价服从混合过程的期权定价公式及有限元算法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文将马尔科夫跳跃过程叠加于 Ito过程 ,形成混合过程 ,并用该过程来刻画股价走势情况。而后在标的股价服从混合过程的基础上 ,推导出了欧式看涨期权的定价公式 ,并对美式看跌期权定价给出了有限元算法。 相似文献
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本文在M ogens B ladt和T ina H av iid R ydberg无市场假设,仅利用价格过程的实际概率的期权保险精算定价模型的基础上,得出了标的资产服从几何分数布朗运动的欧式期权定价公式,并说明了几何布朗运动是本文的一种特殊情况. 相似文献
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Valuable insights into the problem of how to fund defined benefitpension schemes can be obtained by analysis using the standardBlackScholes/Merton option pricing model, consideringthe pension fund finances jointly with those of the sponsoringcompany. The nature of the fund assets and liabilities is completelydifferent, and this lies behind current controversies aboutthe appropriate discount rate, valuation, financial accountingand preferential status for pension fund claimants in insolvency. 相似文献
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The traditional use of LIBOR futures prices to obtain surrogates for the Eurodollar forward rates is proved to yield a systematic bias in the pricing of Eurodollar swaps when one assumes that the yield curve is well described by the Heath-Jarrow-Morton model. The resulting theoretical inequality is consistent with the empirical observations of Burghardt and Hoskins (1995), and it provide a theoretical basis for price anomalies that are suggested by more recent empirical data. 相似文献
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Adam S. Hayes 《Telematics and Informatics》2017,34(7):1308-1321
This paper aims to identify the likely determinants for cryptocurrency value formation, including for that of bitcoin. Due to Bitcoin’s growing popular appeal and merchant acceptance, it has become increasingly important to try to understand the factors that influence its value formation. Presently, the value of all bitcoins in existence represent approximately $7 billion, and more than $60 million of notional value changes hands each day. Having grown rapidly over the past few years, there is now a developing but vibrant marketplace for bitcoin, and a recognition of digital currencies as an emerging asset class. Not only is there a listed and over-the-counter market for bitcoin and other digital currencies, but also an emergent derivatives market. As such, the ability to value bitcoin and related cryptocurrencies is becoming critical to its establishment as a legitimate financial asset.Using cross-sectional empirical data examining 66 of the most widely used cryptocurrencies, a regression model was estimated that points to three main drivers of cryptocurrency value: the level of competition in the network of producers, the rate of unit production, and the difficulty of algorithm used to “mine” for the cryptocurrency. These amount to relative differences in the cost of production of one digital currency over another at the margin, pointing to differences in relative cost of production – electricity goes in, cryptocurrency comes out. Using that as a starting point, a no-arbitrage situation is established for Bitcoin-like cryptocurrencies followed by the formalization of a cost of production model to determine the fair value of a bitcoin. 相似文献
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Testing the validity of the conditional capital asset pricing model(CAPM) is a puzzle in the finance literatureLewellen and Nagel[14]find that the variation in betas and in the equity premium would have to be implausibly large to explain important asset-pricing anomaliesUnfortunately, they do not provide a rigorous test statisticBased on a simulation study, the method proposed in Lewellen and Nagel[14]tends to reject the null too frequently.We develop a new test procedure and derive its limiting distribution under the null hypothesis.Also, we provide a Bootstrap approach to the testing procedure to gain a good finite sample performanceBoth simulations and empirical studies show that our test is necessary for making correct inferences with the conditional CAPM. 相似文献