Robust Speed Control of a Low Damped Electromechanical System Based on CRONE Control: Application to a Four Mass Experimental Test Bench

Robust speed control of a low damped electromechanical system with backlash is studied, controlled load angular speed being not measured. The proposed control strategy combines a Luenberger observer (load angular speed and load torque disturbance estimations) and a robust CRONE controller. The observer provides estimation of the load angular speed and of the disturbance torque applied on the load. Through the computation of only three independent parameters (as many as a PID controller), the CRONE controller permits to ensure the robust speed control of the load in spite of plant parametric variations and speed observation errors. The proposed control strategy is applied to a four mass experimental test bench.     

纵横扩张的优化

得到了最小折数纵横扩张的判别准则．针对4-正则图的平面嵌入的纵横扩张的特殊性，给出了它的最小折数纵横扩张判别准则．     

CAES离心压缩机可调扩压器调节规律研究

离心压缩机是压缩空气储能系统中关键设备之一,需具备在较宽流量、压力范围内高负荷高效率运行的能力。作为一种变工况调节技术,可调扩压器可以扩大压缩机工作流量范围,改善气动性能。因此,本文以某压缩空气储能系统用离心压缩机为研究对象,通过数值计算方法研究了可调扩压器调节时压缩机性能变化规律。结果表明采用可调扩压器可以有效拓宽压缩机运行特性,工作流量范围扩大44%,压比范围扩大25%.此后,本文采用Kriging模型获得了压缩机综合性能曲线图和不同储能工况需求下扩压器的调节方案及规律,为压缩空气储能系统离心压缩机变工况主动控制提供了依据。     

Photoreversibility and Biocompatibility of Polydimethylsiloxane‐Coumarin as Adjustable Intraocular Lens Material

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) constitutes an interesting material for a variety of biomedical applications, especially as intraocular lenses (IOLs), for its excellent transparency. In this work, a photoreversible PDMS‐coumarin network, whose shape and properties can be adjusted postoperatively in a noninvasive manner, is developed. The synthesis of PDMS‐coumarin is achieved by amidation of a coumarin acid chloride derivative with amine‐functionalized PDMSs. Under exposure of λ > 300 nm, these polymers can be cured by dimerization of coumarin. The cured polymers can be uncrosslinked via photocleavage of cyclobutane dimers upon illumination at λ < 290 nm. The diffusion of linear PDMSs in a crosslinked network and the controlled shape modification are studied, which demonstrate that these polymers are good candidates for adjustable IOL application. IOL disks prepared from these materials show high hydrophobicity and good transparency. In vitro cytotoxicity, lens epithelial cell adhesion assays, and rabbit host reaction against implanted disks demonstrate the biocompatibility of the polymer.

     

可调移动重叠分离图法用于高效液相色谱多台阶梯度分离条件优化的研究

计算机辅助高效液相色谱（HPLC）分离条件优化可以低成本、快速地得到优化的分离条,因而已较为广泛地用于复杂样品的分离分析。基于移动重叠分离图方法,又发展了一种新型的多台阶梯度分离条件的优化方法可调移动重叠分离图法。该方法通过预测不同流动相条件下各组分的保留时间、峰宽和分离度,绘制出对于样品中各组分的重叠分离区域图。在对当前台阶流动相组成进行优化的同时,考虑其对后面一到两个台阶上流出组分保留的影响,实时地重新绘制对于后面台阶上流出组分的重叠分离区域图。通过观察当前台阶流动相条件对当前台阶和后面台阶上流出组分分离的影响,综合考虑样品中所有组分的分离情况,找到更接近全局最优的分离条件。通过扫描的方法对优化得到的分离条件进行微调,能够进一步提高分离效果。采用文献数据对可调移动重叠分离图法的应用加以说明,在二元流动相体系下,证明了该方法在HPLC方法建立方面的优越性。     

A switchable optical diffuser based on a polymer/nematic liquid crystal composite film with transient polymer balls-networks microstructure

ABSTRACT

With the increasing development of multifunction liquid crystal displays (LCDs), multifunction optical diffusers have attracted more attention. In this work, switchable optical diffusers based on the transient polymer balls-networks in polymer/nematic liquid crystal composite films have been prepared and investigated, and the effects of thiol content, curing time, LC content and photo-initiator content on the polymer microstructures and optical properties of optical diffusers are systematically studied. An optical diffuser with the transient polymer balls-networks microstructure has achieved the high transmission (96.42%), high haze (90.49%), excellent optical diffusing ability and wide viewing angle of 150° (from ?75° to 75°) on its off state. By the application of electric field of 40.0 voltage, the viewing angle of the optical diffuser turns to be narrower (from ?60° to 60°), which gives great applications in tunable viewing angle devices and other electric optical devices.     

双振动合成仪器的设计

指出了用示波器演示双振动合成的不足，设计了BS—Ⅱ型双频调相信号仪，并给出了应用该仪器获得的部分实验图象。     

扩压器几何参数对离心风机噪声的影响

本文试验研究了扩压器几何参数对一高速离心风机的噪声的影响。扩压器的几何参数包括叶片数、叶轮与扩压器的径向间隙和倾斜前缘倾角以及它们的耦合作用对风机噪声的影响。试验结果表明:(1)风机A声级噪声随扩压器叶片数增加而下降,但气动性能也随之下降;(2)扩压器前缘半径从R_3/R_2=1.03增加到1.07,在设计点风机A声级噪声降了约3 dB(A),继续增大至1.09则基本不变;(3)适当倾斜扩压器前缘可有效降低风机噪声,在设计点30°倾角扩压器相应的风机A声级噪声下降了约3.6 dB(A);(4)倾斜扩压器前缘与增大径向间隙的降噪效果不能叠加。     

离心压气机叶片扩压器的不稳定流动特征

本文用高频响应的热线风速仪及压力传感器作为测量仪器,与磁带记录仪及CF-920动态信号分析仪一起,组成测量及分析系统,并用该系统对离心压气机带叶片扩压器时的流动脉动进行了测量,得出了流体脉动的时间和空间特征.文中给出了失速波形及失速参数随流量的详细变化.本文装置上产生三团失速,流量减小过程中。失速团以2.2%～7%的叶轮转动速度旋转.转速变化时,失速现象的演变过程并不发生变化.失速时,叶片扩压器前缘附近的流动最为恶化,流体脉动幅度较大,气流角的变化剧烈.     

Measurements in the vaneless diffuser of a radial flow compressor

Results from an experimental study of flow behaviour at the inlet of a vaneless diffuser of a centrifugal compressor are presented. Measurements from a crossed hot-wire probe are given for operating points having inlet flow coefficients ranging from 0.006 to 0.019 at different Reynolds numbers. Instantaneous, time-averaged, and phase-averaged absolute velocity and flow angle at the diffuser inlet are deduced from the hot-wire signals after correction for mean density variations. These results show how flow behaviour varies in stable, rotating stall and surge regimes of compressor operation