基于PC-SAFT方程研究多孔介质中水合物相平衡的预测模型

对多孔介质中水合物的形成条件预测模型进行了研究.利用微扰链-统计缔合流体理论状态方程(PC-SAFT)结合van der Waals-Platteuw模型和毛细管Kelvin模型,建立了用于多孔介质水合物体系的相平衡预测模型.在此模型基础上,针对甲烷水合物和CO2水合物对界面张力作了进一步的研究.根据多孔介质水合物相平...     

耳蜗中tip-link张力与静纤毛运动动力学研究

诠释耳蜗的主动感音放大机制一直是未解的医学难题.这种机制与耳蜗中外毛细胞顶端的静纤毛运动密切相关,静纤毛运动又受到tip-link张力与淋巴液流体力的调节.因此,研究静纤毛运动过程中tip-link张力是诠释耳蜗的主动感音放大机制的重要环节.本文把静纤毛视为变形体,基于泊肃叶流动理论并结合分布参数模型,推导了静纤毛运动的解析解.研究了盖膜剪切荷载作用下静纤毛和淋巴液相互作用的动力响应以及tip-link张力的变化规律.研究发现:当静纤毛的杨氏模量减小时,在小于峰值频率的区域,tip-link张力显著增大,f₂的峰值频率减小.以往的研究将静纤毛作为刚体,势必导致低频声音信号作用减弱.当系数c=0 (无黏性阻力)时,f₂频率选择特性存在;当μ=0(无压力)时,f₂频率选择特性消失,因此淋巴液可能是通过在静纤毛间产生压强的方式来调节毛束的频率特性的.另外,盖膜剪切荷载频率越高,静纤毛轴弯曲越明显,发束内外域的压强差也越大.     

耦合界面张力的三维流体界面不稳定性的格子Boltzmann模拟

采用介观格子Boltzmann方法模拟界面张力作用下三维流体界面的Rayleigh-Taylor (RT)不稳定性的增长过程,主要分析表面张力对流体界面动力学行为及尖钉和气泡后期增长的影响机制.首先发现三维RT不稳定性的发生存在临界表面张力(σ_c),其值随着流体Atwood数的增大而增大,且数值预测值与理论分析结果σ_c=(ρ_h-ρ₁)g/k~2一致.另外,随着表面张力的增大,不稳定性演化过程中界面卷吸程度和结构复杂性逐渐减弱,系统中界面破裂形成离散液滴的数目也显著减少.相界面的后期动力学行为也从非对称发展转向始终保持关于中轴线对称.尖钉与气泡振幅在表面张力较小时对其变化不显著,当表面张力增大到一定值后,可以有效地抑制尖钉与气泡振幅的增长.进一步发现,高雷诺数三维RT不稳定性在不同表面张力下均经历4个不同的发展阶段:线性阶段、饱和速度阶段、重加速和混沌混合阶段.尖钉与气泡在饱和速度阶段以近似恒定的速度增长,其渐进速度的值与修正的势流理论模型结果一致.受非线性Kelvin-Helmholtz旋涡的剪切作...     

一个去除边标签重叠的扩充张力模型

在图的最优可视化过程中,当图的边和节点都包含文字或图形标签时,显示这些标签必须保证它们互相不重叠. 这项工作可以融入初始布局的一部分,或作为后处理步骤. 去除重叠的核心问题在于保持布局中固有的结构信息,最大限度地减 少所需的额外面积,并保持边尽可能地直. 提出了一种同时去除节点和边的标签重叠的计算方法. 该算法基于最小化一个目标函数, 使得图的布局尽少改变,并保持边的平直.     

Tensionless contact of a finite beam: Concentrated load inside and outside the contact zone

For a finite beam with a nonzero gap distance, an asymmetric concentrated load can be either inside or outside of the contact zone. A new governing equation is given for the case of a concentrated load outside the contact zone. By numerically solving the left-side and right-side contact lengths of the beam, a criterion is established to determine whether the concentrated load is inside or outside the contact zone. A more general approach on the tensionless contact of a beam is thus presented.     

基于多刚体动力学模型的漂浮式拦污排的平衡形状和张力

漂浮式拦污排为多个浮箱通过铰接组成的多体系统．将浮箱模型简化为刚性杆件,基于多体动力学理论,建立了漂浮式拦污排的运动控制方程,并给出了相应的数值求解方案．模型试验表明了数值模型及求解方案的有效性．数值算例结果表明,传统的悬链线假设得到的结果误差较大．此外还讨论了平衡状态下拦污排发生“自锁”状态的判断方法及水面下降时的张力演化过程．     

三元复合驱碱/表面活性剂/聚合物模拟原油乳状液稳定动力学特性

基于两相分离的乳状液稳定模型,研究了三元复合驱模拟原油乳状液稳定动力学特性;通过液膜强度和油水界面张力探讨了碱/表面活性剂/聚合物对模拟原油乳状液稳定动力学特性的影响机理。 结果表明,乳状液稳定模型可以很好的评价乳状液的稳定性,并得到乳状液的稳定动力学特性;碱浓度小于900 mg/L有利于乳状液的稳定,碱浓度大于900 mg/L不利于乳状液的稳定;表面活性剂和聚合物浓度的增加使得形成的模拟原油乳状液更加稳定;模拟原油乳状液的稳定作用主要是通过碱、表面活性剂降低油水界面张力并增加油水界面膜强度,聚合物通过提高界面膜强度实现的,三者存在协同效应。     

Vortex Turbulence due to the Interplay of Filament Tension and Rotational Anisotropy

The mechanism of scroll wave turbulence is investigated in excitable media with rotational anisotropy. We adopt the Barkley model with heterogeneity in the diffusion constants. Through comparative numerical studies, we demonstrate the vortex turbulence results from the rotational anisotropy＇s cooperation with negative filament tension or competition with positive filament tension. The presence of rotational anisotropy can enlarge the parameter region leading to negative-tension induced wave turbulence in isotropic media.     

Measurement of Critical Impact Velocity of Copper in Tension

Critical impact velocity （CIV） of oxygen-free high-conductivity （OFHC） copper is experimentally measured with a novel facility in a gas gun system. The results are compared with the theoretical predictions using the typical constitutive relations, and the measured CIV value is much lower than the predictions. The difference of physical mechanisms in experiment and in theoretical calculation is discussed. It is suggested that the reduction of CIV in experiment would be related with the damage evolution in tensile copper that needs to be considered in the computation model.     

Self-organized GaN/AlN hexagonal quantum-dots:strain distribution and electronic structure

This paper presents a finite element method of calculating strain distributions in and around the self-organized GaN/AlN hexagonal quantum dots. The model is based on the continuum elastic theory, which is capable of treating a quantum dot with an arbitrary shape. A truncated hexagonal pyramid shaped quantum dot is adopted in this paper. The electronic energy levels of the GaN/AlN system are calculated by solving a three-dimension effective mass Shrodinger equation including a strain modified confinement potential and polarization effects. The calculations support the previous results published in the literature.