关于广义鞍点问题的HSS迭代方法的收缩因子(英文)

白中治等提出了解非埃尔米特正定线性方程组的埃尔米特和反埃尔米特分裂(HSS)迭代方法(Bai Z Z,Golub G H,Ng M K.Hermitian and skew-Hermitian splitting methodsfor non-Hermitian positive definite linear systems.SIAM J.Matrix Anal.Appl.,2003,24:603-626).本文精确地估计了用HSS迭代方法求解广义鞍点问题时在加权2-范数和2-范数下的收缩因子.在实际的计算中,正是这些收缩因子而不是迭代矩阵的谱半径,本质上控制着HSS迭代方法的实际收敛速度.根据文中的分析,求解广义鞍点问题的HSS迭代方法的收缩因子在加权2-范数下等于1,在2-范数下它会大于等于1,而在某种适当选取的范数之下,它则会小于1.最后,用数值算例说明了理论结果的正确性.     

非平面图的色数算法

本文对非平面无向简单图的点着色问题进行分析研究后,提出了一个点色数算法.该算法不仅给出了非平面图求点色数的方法,同时也解决了着色方法.并且对算法所涉及的有关性质定理给出了证明.     

Low-energy points on the sphere and the real projective plane

We present a generalization of a family of points on ${\mathbb{S}}^2$, the Diamond ensemble, containing collections of N points on ${\mathbb{S}}^2$ with very small logarithmic energy for all $N\in \mathbb{N}$. We extend this construction to the real projective plane ${\mathbb{RP}}^2$ and we obtain upper and lower bounds with explicit constants for the Green and logarithmic energy on this last space.     

曲率流的参数化有限元逼近

许多物理现象可以在数学上描述为受曲率驱动的自由界面运动,例如薄膜和泡沫的演变、晶体生长,等等.这些薄膜和界面的运动常依赖于其表面曲率,从而可以用相应的曲率流来描述,其相关自由界面问题的数值计算和误差分析一直是计算数学领域中的难点.参数化有限元法是曲率流的一类有效计算方法,已经能够成功模拟一些曲面在几类基本的曲率流下的演化过程.本文重点讨论曲率流的参数化有限元逼近,它的产生、发展和当前的一些挑战.     

Asymptotic Uniqueness of Best Rational Approximants of Given Degree to Markov Functions in L 2 of the Circle

We improve over a sufficient condition given in [8] for uniqueness of a nondegenerate critical point in best rational approximation of prescribed degree over the conjugate-symmetric Hardy space of the complement of the disk. The improved condition connects to error estimates in AAK approximation, and is necessary and sufficient when the function to be approximated is of Markov type. For Markov functions whose defining measure satisfies the Szego condition, we combine what precedes with sharp asymptotics in multipoint Padé approximation from [43], [40] in order to prove uniqueness of a critical point when the degree of the approximant goes large. This lends perspective to the uniqueness issue for more general classes of functions defined through Cauchy integrals.     

On nonoscillating integrals for computing inhomogeneous Airy functions

Integral representations are considered of solutions of the inhomogeneous Airy differential equation . The solutions of these equations are also known as Scorer functions. Certain functional relations for these functions are used to confine the discussion to one function and to a certain sector in the complex plane. By using steepest descent methods from asymptotics, the standard integral representations of the Scorer functions are modified in order to obtain nonoscillating integrals for complex values of . In this way stable representations for numerical evaluations of the functions are obtained. The methods are illustrated with numerical results.

     

Economic Equilibrium: Optimality and Price Decentralization

Mathematical economics has a long history and covers many interdisciplinary areas between mathematics and economics. At its center lies the theory of market equilibrium. The purpose of this expository article is to introduce mathematicians to price decentralization in general equilibrium theory. In particular, it concentrates on the role of positivity in the theory of convex economic analysis and the role of normal cones in the theory of non-convex economies.     

Well-Posedness by Perturbations of Variational Problems

In this paper, we consider the extension of the notion of well-posedness by perturbations, introduced by Zolezzi for optimization problems, to other related variational problems like inclusion problems and fixed-point problems. Then, we study the conditions under which there is equivalence of the well-posedness in the above sense between different problems. Relations with the so-called diagonal well-posedness are also given. Finally, an application to staircase iteration methods is presented.     

Asymptotic Distribution of Nodes for Near-Optimal Polynomial Interpolation on Certain Curves in R 2

Let E\subset \Bbb R ^s be compact and let d _n ^E denote the dimension of the space of polynomials of degree at most n in s variables restricted to E . We introduce the notion of an asymptotic interpolation measure (AIM). Such a measure, if it exists , describes the asymptotic behavior of any scheme τ _n ={ \bf x _k,n } _k=1 ^dnE , n=1,2,\ldots , of nodes for multivariate polynomial interpolation for which the norms of the corresponding interpolation operators do not grow geometrically large with n . We demonstrate the existence of AIMs for the finite union of compact subsets of certain algebraic curves in R ² . It turns out that the theory of logarithmic potentials with external fields plays a useful role in the investigation. Furthermore, for the sets mentioned above, we give a computationally simple construction for ``good' interpolation schemes. November 9, 2000. Date revised: August 4, 2001. Date accepted: September 14, 2001.     

Computing Complex Airy Functions by Numerical Quadrature

Integral representations are considered of solutions of the Airy differential equation w –zw=0 for computing Airy functions for complex values of z. In a first method contour integral representations of the Airy functions are written as non-oscillating integrals for obtaining stable representations, which are evaluated by the trapezoidal rule. In a second method an integral representation is evaluated by using generalized Gauss–Laguerre quadrature; this approach provides a fast method for computing Airy functions to a predetermined accuracy. Comparisons are made with well-known algorithms of Amos, designed for computing Bessel functions of complex argument. Several discrepancies with Amos' code are detected, and it is pointed out for which regions of the complex plane Amos' code is less accurate than the quadrature algorithms. Hints are given in order to build reliable software for complex Airy functions.