The inventory models under conditional trade credit in a supply chain system

In several recent investigations dealing with the economic order quantity with permissible delay in payments, the following assumptions are made:     

A possible human counterpart of the principle of increasing entropy

It is well-known that the principle of increasing entropy holds for isolated natural systems that contain non-adaptive molecules. Here we present, for the first time, an experimental evidence for a possible human counterpart of the principle in an isolated social system that involves adaptive humans. Our work shows that the human counterpart is valid even though interactions among humans in social systems are distinctly different from those among molecules in natural systems. Thus, it becomes possible to understand social systems from this natural principle, at least to some extent.     

Untersuchungen zum Verhalten der Pt-Metalle gegenüber festen und flüssigen Kationenaustauschern mit Hilfe der Radiotracermethode

Mit Hilfe radioaktiver Nuklide wurde die Aufnahme der Pt-Metalle aus chloridhaltigen Lösungen sowoht durch feste (Wofatit KPS) als auch durch flüssige Kationenaustauscher (Bis-2-äthylhexylphosphorsäure) bei Variation des pH-Wertes, der Vorbehandlung sowie der Edelmetallkonzentration bestimmt. Pt und Ir wurden nur geringfügig, Pd und Rh dagegen deutlich stärker adsorbiert. Beide Austauschertypen zeigten qualitativ das gleiche Verhalten. Die gefundenen Abhängigkeiten der Adsorption wurden auf das komplexchemische Verhalten der Pt-Metalle zurückgeführt. Es werden Verfahren zur schnellen radiochemischen Reinigung der benutzten Nuklide angegeben.     

Designing a potent L1 protein-based HPV peptide vaccine: A bioinformatics approach

BackgroundOncogenic human papilloma viruses (HPV) are the cause of various types of cancer, specifically cervical cancer. L1 protein is the main protein of HPV capsid which targeted in many vaccine-producing attempts. However, they have not enough coverage on the various high risk HPV types. Therefore, having a low cost potent HPV vaccine to protect against all members of the α-papillomaviridea family will be promising. In this study, L1 protein-based peptide vaccine was designed using immunoinformatics methods which provides physicochemical properties such as stability in room temperature, potential of antigenicity, non-allergic properties and no requirement with eukaryotic host system.ResultsThe designed vaccine has two HPV conserved epitopes with lengths 18 and 27 amino acids in all members of α-papillomaviridea. These peptides promote humoral and cellular immunity and INF-γ responses. In order to ensure strong induction of immune responses, Flagellin, a Toll like receptor 5(TLR-5) agonist, and a short synthetic toll like receptor 4 (TLR-4) agonist were also joined to the epitopes. Structure of the designed- vaccine was validated using Rampage and ERRAT and a high quality 3D structure of the vaccine protein was provided. Docking studies demonstrated an appropriate and stable interaction between the vaccine and TLR-5.ConclusionsThe vaccine is expected to have a high quality structure and suitable properties including high stability, solubility and a high potential to be expressed in E.coli. High potentiality of the vaccine in inducing humoral and cellular immune responses, may be considered as an anti-tumor vaccine.     

化学计量研究进展

叙述了化学计量的特点、作用和重要性及其研究内容,探讨了标准物质量值传递系统及实现标准物质量值溯源性的途径,阐述了建立化学测量溯源性的重要性、困难性、复杂性及基本设想和途径,并对化学计量中物质的量“摩尔”进行了简要论述。     

时滞变质品供应链的数量折扣协调模型

在由单个批发商与单个零售商组成的两级时滞变质品供应链中,分别建立分散决策和集中决策下供应链系统的单位时间利润函数,通过比较得到集中决策优于分散决策的条件。引入数量折扣契约对时滞变质品供应链进行协调,促使整个供应链系统实现集中决策下的最优状态。设计收益共享合同来合理分配协调后的利润增量,保证批发商和零售商的单位时间利润都比协调前有所增加,从而实现供应链系统的帕累托改善。最后,通过数值算例演示了两种决策模式的单位时间利润情况,并分析了关键参数对供应链系统及各成员企业单位时间利润水平的影响。     

需求随价格变化的具有折扣的易变质物品的库存模型

本文研究了在需求随价格变化及物品易变质的条件下，当供应商给予数量折扣时的库存问题。证明了当供应商给予数量折扣时，零售商的需求量是增大的，并给出了供应商给予数量折扣时零售商的订货量和订货周期的计算方法。对物品变质率和需求价格敏感系数对零售商的订货量、订货周期、出售价格和单位时间利润的影响进行了数值分析，并给出了数值算例。     

随机利率下产量保险定价

通过假设利率的随机过程遵循Heath-Jarrow-Morton(1992)模型,以及利率波动结构和价格波动结构仅为时间的函数,扩展了Kunt K.Aaese(2004)产量保险模型,并借助多元正态分布函数得到其显示表达式.     

球形充气液泡所带电量及系统能量变化的分析

本文分析了球形充气液泡所带的电量,推导出一个较为普遍的计算公式,并分析了整个系统的能量变化关系.     

Unified symmetry of mechano-electrical systems with nonholonomic constraints

The unified symmetry of mechano-electrical systems with nonholonomic constraints are studied in this paper, the definition and the criterion of unified symmetry of mechano-electrical systems with nonholonomic constraints are derived from the Lagrange-Maxwell equations. The Noether conserved quantity, Hojman conserved quantity and Mei conserved quantity are then deduced from the unified symmetry. An example is given to illustrate the application of the results.