光度法同时测定铂和钯

水溶性试剂N-间甲苯基-N’-(对氨基苯磺酸钠)硫脲(MMPT)在HAc-NaAc缓冲介质和CTMAB(溴化十六烷基三甲胺)存在下,与铂(Ⅳ)和钯(Ⅱ)反应形成绿色和褐色水溶性络合物,其最大吸收波长分别为754.4和304.6 nm。符合比尔定律的浓度范围分别为0～32 μg·(25 mL)-1, 0～25 μg·25(mL)-1,摩尔吸光系数为εPt_754.4=8.6×104 L·mol-1·cm-1和εPd304.6=7.4×104 L·mol-1·cm-1。在754.4和304.6 nm波长测定铂,钯混合液的吸光度,换算出铂、钯的含量。50种共存离子中, 仅有Cu2+和Co2+ 对钯的测定有干扰。该法选择性好,用于合成样品、矿石和催化剂样品中铂、钯含量的测定, 其相对标准偏差RSD小于2.0%;回收实验回收率是96%～104%。由于试剂铂、钯形成的络合物都易溶于水、不需予先分离同时测定,操作简便,快速,且环境友好。     

Sodium atom in strong magnetic fields：a pseudospectral approach

Energies and wavefunctions of low-lying states and Rydberg states for the sodium atom in uniform magnetic fields varying from 0 to 10^5T are calculated using a pseudospectral approach with a model potential in spherical coordinates. The energies are comparable with experimental results as well as those obtained by other calculations. The spectra of oscillator strength are worked out. The evolution of them with the magnetic field is shown.     

1H NMR分析肝素钠中杂质多硫酸软骨素

对肝素钠、多硫酸软骨素标准品进行了¹H NMR测试并对谱图进行了全归属,指出: 肝素钠乙酰甲基特征峰在δ 2.04处,多硫酸软骨素的乙酰甲基特征峰在δ 2.15处. 同时考察了精细测试的实验条件,结果表明：当样品浓度为25 mg/0.6 mL、定标物TSP含量为0.020%（W/V）、样品旋转为12 Hz、处理参数（LB）为1.0、仪器频率为500 MHz时,能快速并准确的检测出肝素钠中的污染物(多硫酸软骨素).     

铷原子饱和吸收光谱与偏振光谱对780nm半导体激光器稳频的比较

将激光频率锁定于合适的参考频率,可以有效地抑制激光器的频率起伏。本文采用铷原子D2线超精细跃迁线的饱和吸收光谱和偏振光谱分别获得鉴频曲线,通过电子伺服系统将频率校正信号负反馈到780 nm光栅外腔反馈半导体激光器外腔的压电陶瓷上的方法对激光器进行稳频。介绍了两种方法的基本原理和实验方案。与激光器自由运转300s时激光器典型的频率起伏约6.6 MHz相比,采用饱和吸收光谱和偏振光谱进行稳频,运转300 s时激光器典型的残余频率起伏分别约为1.5 MHz和0.6 MHz。分析表明,饱和吸收光谱稳频采用了相敏检波技术,需要对激光器进行频率调制,带来了额外的频率噪声,而偏振光谱稳频则是一种完全无频率调制的稳频方案。     

超声波作用下的制冷剂水合物结晶过程研究

首先分析了超声波对制冷剂水合物成核生长的影响机理,然后进行了实验研究。结果表明,超声波对水合物的结晶生长有明显的影响,阶梯形的超声探头作用下的成核引导时间比指数形锥体引导时间长,促进水合物生长的超声波功率P范闱是58W相似文献   

碳化铝与水反应合成甲烷水合物的实验研究

 利用自行设计的高压气水合物实验装置,通过碳化铝与水反应成功合成了甲烷水合物。实验结果表明,碳化铝与水反应合成甲烷水合物的方法有效地解决了传统甲烷水合物模拟实验中甲烷气体引入问题;同时,碳化铝与水反应产生的甲烷及沉淀物能较好地模拟海洋环境中水合物形成的自然条件,为实验模拟甲烷水合物研究提供了一种新方法。利用此方法,对甲烷水合物合成与分解温度、压力条件及动力学过程进行了初步研究。     

几种常见光源特性的研究

本通过大学物理实验中常用光源特性的分析，说明了实验中光源使用的合理性。     

Influence of sodium alginate pretreated by ultrasound on papain properties: Activity,structure, conformation and molecular weight and distribution

The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of sodium alginate (ALG) pretreated by ultrasound on the enzyme activity, structure, conformation and molecular weight and distribution of papain. ALG solutions were pretreated with ultrasound at varying power (0.05, 0.15, 0.25, 0.35, 0.45 W/cm²), 135 kHz, 50 °C for 20 min. The maximum relative activity of papain increased by 10.53% when mixed with ALG pretreated by ultrasound at 0.25 W/cm², compared with the untreated ALG. The influence of ultrasound pretreated ALG on the conformation and secondary structure of papain were assessed by fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroism spectroscopy. The fluorescence spectra revealed that ultrasound pretreated ALG increased the number of tryptophan on papain surface, especially at 0.25 W/cm². It indicated that ultrasound pretreatment induced molecular unfolding, causing the exposure of more hydrophobic groups and regions from inside to the outside of the papain molecules. Furthermore, ultrasound pretreated ALG resulted in minor changes in the secondary structure of the papain. The content of α-helix was slightly increased after ultrasound pretreatment and no significant change was observed at different ultrasound powers. ALG pretreated by ultrasound enhanced the stability of the secondary structure of papain, especially at 0.25 W/cm². The free sulfhydryl (SH) content of papain was slightly increased and then decreased with the increase of ultrasonic power. The maximum content of free SH was observed at 0.25 W/cm², under which the content of the free SH increased by 6.36% compared with the untreated ALG. Dynamic light scattering showed that the effect of ultrasound treatment was mainly the homogenization of the ALG particles in the mixed dispersion. The gel permeation chromatography coupled with the multi-angle laser light scattering photometer analysis showed that the molecular weight (M_w) of papain/ALG was decreased and then increased with the ultrasonic pretreatment. Results demonstrated that the activity of immobilized papain improved by ultrasonic pretreatment was mainly caused by the variation of the conformation of papain and the effect of interactions between papain and ALG. This study is important to explain the intermolecular interactions of biopolymers and the mechanism of enzyme immobilization treated by ultrasound in improving the enzymatic activity. As expected, ALG pretreated by appropriate ultrasound is promising as a bioactive compound carrier in the field of immobilized enzyme.     

纳米流体中气体水合物生成条件

为了研究纳米粒子对制冷剂水合物热力学生成条件的影响,建立了新型纳米流体中制冷剂水合物相平衡热力学模型,理论研究了HFC134a(R134a)气体水合物的热力学生成条件,并用实验验证了模拟结果.结果表明:新型纳米流体中制冷剂水合物热力学相平衡模型能够较好地反映纳米流体中制冷剂气体水合物相平衡特征,相同温度下相平衡最大相对误差为7.3%,平均相对误差为5.3%.     

磁光阱中超冷钠-铯原子碰撞的实验研究

研究了磁光阱中异核超冷钠铯原子的碰撞机理, 测量了超冷钠原子的碰撞损失率, 得到了钠-铯原子的碰撞损失系数β_Na-Cs与钠原子俘获光强度之间的关系. 利用多普勒模型计算了不同俘获光强度下的钠原子磁光阱的阱深, 得到了临界光强的理论值, 与实验结果符合得较好.