平板扬声器立体声重放的振动对比度控制方法*

利用激振器阵列通过振动对比度控制方法实现了在平板扬声器上重放立体声的声源局域化控制。首先利用激振器到测量点的导纳函数,最大化辐射区和整个平板振动区域的平均动能比值得到阵列的最优空间滤波器。然后分别计算最大化左右声道辐射区和整个振动区域平均动能比值的最优滤波器。最后将立体声信号分别通过对应辐射区最优滤波器滤波相加后,馈给激振器阵列激励平板在两辐射区辐射对应声道的信号。利用8个激振器控制0.48 m长、0.27 m宽、0.001 m厚铝板,在100 Hz～2000 Hz范围内,振动对比度的均值为12 dB。因此该方法可以获得较好的局域化控制效果,进而可以将左右声道的声源局域在平板扬声器的两侧。     

Straight Rings

A (commutative integral) domain is called a straight domain if A ? B is a prime morphism for each overring B of A; a (commutative unital) ring A is called a straight ring if A/P is a straight domain for all P ∈ Spec(A). A domain is a straight ring if and only if it is a straight domain. The class of straight rings sits properly between the class of locally divided rings and the class of going-down rings. An example is given of a two-dimensional going-down domain that is not a straight domain. The classes of straight rings, of locally divided rings, and of going-down rings coincide within the universe of seminormal weak Baer rings (for instance, seminormal domains). The class of straight rings is stable under formation of homomorphic images, rings of fractions, and direct limits. The “straight domain" property passes between domains having the same prime spectrum. Straight domains are characterized within the universe of conducive domains. If A is a domain with a nonzero ideal I and quotient field K, characterizations are given for A ? (I: _K I) to be a prime morphism. If A is a domain and P ∈ Spec(A) such that A _P is a valuation domain, then the CPI-extension C(P) := A + PA _P is a straight domain if and only if A/P is a straight domain. If A is a going-down domain and P ∈ Spec(A), characterizations are given for A ? C(P) to be a prime morphism. Consequences include divided domain-like behavior of arbitrary straight domains.     

Almost-Perfect Rings and Modules

Following [1 Amini , A. , Ershad , M. , Sharif , H. ( 2008 ). Rings over which flat covers of finitely generated modules are projective . Comm. Algebra 36 : 2862 – 2871 .[Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]], a ring R is called right almost-perfect if every flat right R-module is projective relative to R. In this article, we continue the study of these rings and will find some new characterizations of them in terms of decompositions of flat modules. Also we show that a ring R is right almost-perfect if and only if every right ideal of R is a cotorsion module. Furthermore, we prove that over a right almost-perfect ring, every flat module with superfluous radical is projective. Moreover, we define almost-perfect modules and investigate some properties of them.     

Finitely Generated Flat Modules and a Characterization of Semiperfect Rings

Abstract

For a ring S, let K ₀(FGFl(S)) and K ₀(FGPr(S)) denote the Grothendieck groups of the category of all finitely generated flat S-modules and the category of all finitely generated projective S-modules respectively. We prove that a semilocal ring Ris semiperfect if and only if the group homomorphism K ₀(FGFl(R)) → K ₀(FGFl(R/J(R))) is an epimorphism and K ₀(FGFl(R)) = K ₀(FGPr(R)).     

平像场无遮掩大视场两镜系统光学设计

从像差理论出发,提出一种平像场无遮掩两反射镜系统的设计方法,能够同时消除球差、慧差、像散和场曲四种初级像差.描述了该方法的设计过程和步骤,并总结了这种系统的结构特点. 利用该方法设计出了视场角分别为6°×6°和20°×1°两个光学系统,其成像质量均达到了衍射限.该系统结构简单,易于装调,在航天遥感领域有很大的应用前景.     

Cohomogeneity Two Actions on Flat Riemannian Manifolds

In this paper, we study flat Riemannian manifolds which have codimension two orbits, under the action of a closed and connected Lie group G of isometries. We assume that G has fixed points, then characterize M and orbits of M.