A位掺杂对La5/8(PrxCa1-x)3/8MnO3（x=0.25,0.5,0.75）相分离及输运性质的影响

采用固相反应法制备La5/8(PrxCa1-x)3/8MnO3(x=0.25,0.5,0.75)多晶样品,研究其磁性质和电磁输运特性.X射线衍射表明,La5/8(PrxCa1-x)3/8MnO3(x=0.25,0.5,0.75)多晶样品室温的晶体结构呈Pnma空间群的正交结构.磁化强度-电阻(M～T)关系显示,La5/8(PrxCa1-x)3/8MnO3(x=0.25,0.5,0.75)的居里温度TC随Pr掺杂量增加而逐渐降低,三种样品分别为160K、150K、100K.此外,随着Pr3+掺杂量增加,样品晶格畸变程度增大,铁磁相互作用减弱,并且三种成分均形成自旋玻璃态,其自旋冻结温度分别为150K、75K、70K.电阻-温度(ρ～T)关系表明,样品在x=0.25时出现电阻的双峰现象,这是由于样品中铁磁相与反铁磁相相互竞争造成的.结果表明,通过对钙钛矿锰氧化物的A位稀土掺杂,可对其CMR效应进行有效调控.     

Improvement on the breakdown voltage for silicon-on-insulator devices based on epitaxy-separation by implantation oxygen by a partial buried n~+-layer

A novel silicon-on-insulator (SOI) high-voltage device based on epitaxy-separation by implantation oxygen (SIMOX) with a partial buried n +-layer silicon-on-insulator (PBN SOI) is proposed in this paper.Based on the proposed expressions of the vertical interface electric field,the high concentration interface charges which are accumulated on the interface between top silicon layer and buried oxide layer (BOX) effectively enhance the electric field of the BOX (E_I),resulting in a high breakdown voltage (BV) for the device.For the same thicknesses of top silicon layer (10 μm) and BOX (0.375 μm),the E I and BV of PBN SOI are improved by 186.5% and 45.4% in comparison with those of the conventional SOI,respectively.     

Robustness of fat quantification using chemical shift imaging

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of parameter changes that can potentially lead to unreliable measurements in fat quantification. Chemical shift imaging was performed using spoiled gradient echo sequences with systematic variations in the following: two-dimensional/three-dimensional sequence, number of echoes, delta echo time, fractional echo factor, slice thickness, repetition time, flip angle, bandwidth, matrix size, flow compensation and field strength. Results indicated no significant (or significant but small) changes in fat fraction with parameter. The significant changes can be attributed to the known effects of T1 bias and two forms of noise bias.     

New localized excitations in a (2+1)-dimensional Broer—Kaup system

Starting with the extended homogeneous balance method and a variable separation approach, a general variable separation solution of the Broer—Kaup system is derived. In addition to the usual localized coherent soliton excitations like dromions, lumps, rings, breathers, instantons, oscillating soliton excitations, peakon and fractal localized solutions, some new types of localized excitations, such as compacton and folded excitations, are obtained by introducing appropriate lower-dimensional piecewise smooth functions and multiple-valued functions, and some interesting novel features of these structures are revealed.     

Weak separation properties for self-similar sets

We develop a theory for self-similar sets in that fulfil the weak separation property of Lau and Ngai, which is weaker than the open set condition of Hutchinson.

     

一种探针-样品距离的切变力控制新方法

报道了近场扫描光学显微镜(Near-filed Scanning Optics Microscope NSOM)中一种基于切变力的探针 样品间距控制新方法.条形压电蜂鸣器片的上表面电极被沿着中心线分成两半,一半用于驱动,其上施加振荡源谐振频率进行激励,另一半上粘附光纤探针,并利用压电效应作为光纤探针的振幅传感器.当受振动激励的光纤探针由远处逐渐接近样品表面时,由于样品与探针之间的切变力阻尼作用使得探针的振幅减小,通过检测探针振幅的变化可以控制探针与样品的间距.我们建立了一套探针 样品间距探测控制系统并利用该系统获得了CD盘片表面8μm×8μm范围内的切变力形貌图.     

单层传声器阵列重建相干声场的近场声全息方法研究

针对传声器阵列两侧存在相干声源的非自由声场重建问题,提出基于球面谐波函数扩展近场声全息理论的相干声场重建方法。该方法在已知测量面两侧声源几何位置时,使用单层传声器阵列获取测量面处的声压分布,通过最小二乘法获得与目标声源和干扰噪声源响应对应的最优球波函数扩展项数和最优系数向量,结合测点位置的空间坐标进行声波分解,并分别重建出各声源在测量面上的声压分布。为了验证方法的有效性,分别给出了相干噪声源为球形声源和非球形声源的仿真验证,并在全消声室内对双扬声器产生的相干声场的重建进行了实验验证。结果表明:该方法对球形声源和非球形声源干扰下的声场重建都具有较好的效果,球形声源干扰下的重建精度更高。     

钙钛矿锰氧化物(La1-xGdx)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7 (x=0, 0.025) 磁性和输运性质研究

采用传统的高温固相烧结法制备了双层钙钛矿锰氧化物(La_1-xGd_x)_4/3Sr_5/3Mn₂ O₇ (x=0, 0.025)多晶样品. 通过X射线衍射仪研究发现样品为Sr₃Ti₂O₇型四方结构, 空间群为I4/mmm; 磁性测量表明, Gd³⁺掺杂后的样品(La_0.975Gd_0.025)_4/3Sr_5/3Mn₂O₇的三维磁有序转变温度(T_C1^3D)、磁化强度(M)均降低, 这是由于Gd³⁺的掺杂引起晶格的畸变, 从而使得晶格常数发生改变, 减弱了铁磁耦合而导致的; 通过电子自旋共振谱测量发现, 在T_C^3D<T<300 K温度范围内, 两样品在顺磁的基体上均有短程的铁磁团簇存在, 出现了相分离现象. 电性测量表明: 两样品分别在T_C1^3D (La_4/3Sr_5/3Mn₂O₇ 样品的三维磁有序转变温度, T_C0^3D)<T<300 K温度范围内均以三维变程跳跃的方式导电, 分析得出Gd³⁺的掺杂使得载流子局域长度的减小. 这表明载流子需要吸收更多的能量才能克服晶格的束缚进行跳跃, 因此(La_0.975Gd_0.025)_4/3Sr_5/3Mn₂ O₇ 样品的电阻较高.     

Model-Free Analysis of Mixtures by NMR Using Blind Source Separation

The concept of blind source separation is described and examples of its use in 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy are presented. The goal of this data processing method is to extract the spectra of components molecules when only mixtures are available.     

Intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer in Pd-porphyrin-quinone in the picosecond time range

Photoinduced electron transfer (PET) was studied in toluene solutions of the Pd-porphyrin-quinone (Pd-PQ) dyad by flash photolysis in the picosecond time range and by a luminescence method. It is found that Pd-PQ has a high rate of intercombination conversion K_isc=(7.7±0.2)·10¹⁰ sec⁻¹. Competing intramolecular PET occurs from the lower excited singlet state of the dyad with the rate constant K _et ^s =(2.7 ±0.3)·10¹⁰ sec⁻¹. Therefore, ∼74% of excited molecules from the dyad make a transition to the triplet T₁ state and 26% take part in intramolecular PET resulting in formation of radical products. The radical products relax to the ground state with the rate constant K=(7.4±0.2)·10⁹ sec⁻¹. Institute of Molecular and Atomic Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 70, F. Skorina St., Minsk, 220072, Belarus. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 66, No. 1, pp. 11–18, January–February, 1999.