一套新型基于物理放大原理的微小长度测量工具的设计

设计了一套利用圆盘放大和普通长度测量工具相结合的测量微小长度的工具,分别利用该设计装置和螺旋测微器对钢丝的直径和普通A4纸张的厚度进行了测量。结果显示了新设计的可行性、创新性和数据的高精度性、准确性。     

Theoretical Study on the Propagation of Acoustic Phonon Modes in Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes by Different Potential Models

Propagation of a heat pulse in （10,0） zig-zag carbon nanotubes, modeled by the Brenner-H and Tersoff bondorder potentials, respectively, is investigated using a molecular dynamics simulation. The longitudinal acoustic mode, twisting phonon mode, and second sound waves are observed in the simulation. The time variations of speed and intensity of the above three phonon modes are in good agreement with the previous works based on the Brenner-I potential. Higher speed and weaker peak intensity are observed in the simulation of the Tersoff potential. The inherent over-binding of radicals and the non-local effects in Tersoff＇s covalent-bonding formula may play an important role in the heat pulse propagating simulation.     

Monte Carlo simulation of glandular dose in a dedicated breast CT system

A dedicated breast CT system (DBCT) is a new method for breast cancer detection proposed in recent years. In this paper, the glandular dose in the DBCT is simulated using the Monte Carlo method. The phantom shape is half ellipsoid, and a series of phantoms with different sizes, shapes and compositions were constructed. In order to optimize the spectra, monoenergy X-ray beams of 5-80 keV were used in simulation. The dose distribution of a breast phantom was studied: a higher energy beam generated more uniform distribution, and the outer parts got more dose than the inner parts. For polyenergtic spectra, four spectra of Al filters with different thicknesses were simulated, and the polyenergtic glandular dose was calculated as a spectral weighted combination of the monoenergetic dose.     

氟化锂和蓝宝石单晶冲击消光及其对辐射测温的影响

采用冲击波压缩原位光源技术结合时间分辨多波长高温计测量,研究了氟化锂和蓝宝石单晶样品的冲击消光现象,实验压力范围50～183了GPa,中心波长覆盖254～800 nm.结果表明,氟化锂单晶样品在实验压力下透过率变化不大,对界面温度的拟合值影响不明显,只是使表观发射率略有下降;当压力低于90GPa时,蓝宝石的消光情况同氟化锂接近,对界面温度的拟合影响也不明显;而当压力高于99 GPa时,蓝宝石呈现明显的消光衰减现象,实验测定的消光系数随压力增加而增加,与波长间呈反比关系,与文献报道250 0Pa高压消光特性一致.研究还发现,蓝宝石窗高压消光行为对界面温度的测量存在较大的影响,使得拟合温度明显偏低.本文研究对发展非透明材料冲击测温技术具有一定的参考价值.     

斑头雁不同组织氨基酸的组成和含量分析

采用高效液相色谱法对斑头雁卵、肌肉和羽毛中17种氨基酸进行了含量的测定,并分析其中必需氨基酸的含量,为斑头雁的保护和利用提供依据。结果表明,斑头雁的卵、腿肌、胸肌和羽毛中均含有17种氨基酸,必需氨基酸含量较高,配比合理,有较高的营养价值。     

利用互易性电路设计降低超声流量测量的零点误差和温度漂移

超声流量测量系统中,严重影响时间差检测的准确度和稳定性的“零点误差”和“温度漂移”问题可以通过对测量系统互易性的改善加以改进。本文通过对测量系统等效电路模型的分析阐述了系统互易的成立条件,并提出了一种通过对激励和接收电路等效阻抗进行对称性设计提高测量系统互易性的测量电路。这一电路设计易于在仪表中实现,其中换能器的负载阻抗能够根据需要灵活设定。在实际测量管道上进行的实验证明,使用这样的电路设计进行流量测量,能够大幅降低零点误差并抑制温度漂移,使得流量测量结果更加准确稳定。     

Dynamic Fracture Toughness and Failure Mechanisms of ZnO Whiskers Secondary Reinforced Composites

Quasi-static and dynamic fracture properties and damage mechanism of glass fiber polymer composites embeaaea with different mass percentages of ZnO whiskers are investigated by using an Instron Testing machine and a Split- Hopkinson pressure bar. According to the experimental results and linear fracture mechanics, the quasi-static fracture toughness Kic and the dynamic fracture toughness Kid under various impact velocities of specimens are obtained. Fracture mechanism is investigated by fractography analysis with a scanning electron microscope. The experimental results show that the mass percentage of ZnOw has little influence on the quasi-static fracture toughness, but a little influence on the dynamic fracture toughness and time of initial fracture point of specimens by the reason of various fracture mechanisms.     

Study of absorption and re-emission processes in a ternary liquid scintillation system

Liquid scintillators are widely used as the neutrino target in neutrino experiments.The absorption and emission of different components of a ternary liquid scintillator （Linear Alkyl Benzene （LAB） as the solvent,2,5-diphenyloxazole （PPO） as the fluor and p-bis-（o-methylstyryl）-benzene （bis-MSB） as wavelength shifter） are studied.It is shown that the absorption of this liquid scintillator is dominant by LAB and PPO at wavelengths less than 349 nm,and the absorption by bis-MSB becomes prevalent at the wavelength larger than 349 nm.The fluorescence quantum yields,which are the key parameters to model the absorption and re-emission processes in large liquid scintillation detectors,are measured.     

Upper Critical Fields and Anisotropy of BaFe1.9Ni0.1As2 Single Crystals

Temperature dependence of the upper critical magnetic field （Hc2） near Tc of 20 K in a BaFe1.9 Ni0.1 As2 single crystal is determined via magneto-resistance measurements, for the out-plane （H ⊥ab） and in-plane （H ｜｜ ab） directions in magnetic fields of up to 8 T. The upper critical fields at zero temperature estimated by the Werthamer-Helfand- Hohenberg （WHH） formula are μ0H^｜｜ c2（0） = 137 T and μ0H⊥c2（0） = 51 T, both exceeding the weak-coupling Pauli paramagnetic limit （μ0Hp = 1.84Tc）. However, the WHH formula could overestimate the μ0H^｜｜12（0） value. The anisotropy of upper critical fields is around 3 in the temperature range close to Tc. The result is very similar to the Co-doped 122 superconductor BaFe2-x Cox As2, indicating that electron-doped 122 superconductors exhibit similar superconducting properties.     

由astroblaster引发的对多体碰撞问题的探究

针对astroblaster多体碰撞过程,运用分离碰撞模型和同时碰撞模型进行分析,对分离碰撞模型给出了计算公式,对同时碰撞模型则进行了计算机模拟.首先,采用刚性分离模型研究二体、三体碰撞物体的运动速度、弹射高度与碰撞体质量之间的关系,得到弹射高度最大化的条件;其次,利用计算机模拟建立同时碰撞模型,研究物体弹性性质对碰撞的影响,分析物体在碰撞时加速度的变化情况,给出在同时碰撞模型下弹射高度最大化的条件.