原子核高K同质异能态的诱发γ辐射

介绍了原子核高K同质异能态潜在的应用价值及国内外研究的进展。 总结了形成同质异能态的3种主要物理机制。 说明了高K同质异能态的应用原理是将其激发到更高的不稳定的K混合态上, 再发生诱发退激, 形成γ瀑, 释放其存储的能量。 同时又介绍了K混合态的3种主要产生机制。 最后分析了178Hfm2诱发退变的实验, 讨论了这些实验的区别和与角动量投影壳模型计算结果的差异。The nuclear isomer states have great potential value of application. The important experimental and theoretical researches are presented here. There are three kinds of physics mechanism for the formation of the isomer states. The principle of releasing the energy stored in the isomer is to excite it to higher states, K mixing states, which can spontaneously decay to the ground state forming the γ cascade. After introducting the three ways to form the K mixing states, we analyzed experiments on the most prospective isomer 178Hfm2, discussed the key differences between these experiments and suggested that the Projected Shell Model (PSM) can be helpful to confirm the occurrence of the  K mixing states and would work out characteristics of the induced decay.     

中能重离子周边反应产物的同位素分布与中子皮、激发能的关系

对中能重离子周边反应产物的同位素分布与中子皮、激发能的关系进行了研究.在同位素分布计算中考虑了小液滴模型预言的中子皮厚度的影响,并加入了中能区经验的耗散计算方法,拟合了中能⁴⁰Ar和⁸⁶Kr炮弹产生的同位素分布.     

中高能重离子碰撞中的电磁场效应和手征反常现象

重离子碰撞可以产生极强的电磁场和高温高密量子色动力学(QCD)物质,诱导很多重要手征反常现象,例如手征磁效应和手征磁波.本文围绕手征反常现象中的诸多物理要素,详细介绍包括相对论重离子碰撞中不同碰撞系统和能量下的电磁场特性、同质异位素碰撞中寻找手征磁效应、手征磁波特性、中低能重离子碰撞中磁场效应等一系列与电磁场和手征反常现象相关的理论研究成果.相关研究有助于实验中寻找强相互作用中的电荷宇称(CP)破缺的证据,加深对QCD真空涨落和宇宙中正反物质不对称问题的理解.     

中能重离子核反应同位素分布的统计模型计算

用统计擦去模型,引入新的介质中的核子一核子碰撞截面和核物质密度分布弥散度,对中能区由不同质量的重离子引起的核反应的同位素分布进行了研究,探讨了介质效应和核物质密度分布弥散度对同位素分布的影响.     

奇异反超核和反物质

文章简要回顾了反物质研究历史,重点阐述了过去几年反物质研究领域的新结果,包括美国布鲁克海汶国家实验室的相对论重离子对撞机(RHIC)上观测到的首个反物质超核信号和迄今为止最重的反物质原子核——反氦4。同时,还介绍了欧洲核子中心(CERN)反氢原子捕捉的新结果以及宇宙空间站上α磁谱仪(AMS)二期的新进展等,并讨论了这些进展对认识物质结构的启示。     

Temperature dependent fission fragment distribution in the Langevin equation

The temperature dependent width of the fission fragment distributions was simulated in the Langevin equation by taking two-parameter exponential form of the fission fragment mass variance at scission point for each fission event. The result can reproduce experimental data well, and it permits to make reliable estimate for unmeasured product yields near symmetry fission.     

Proton Halo or Skin in the Excited States of Light Nuclei

Properties of nuclei 13,15,N and 9B are investigated in the relativistic mean-field theory with NLz and NL3 force parameters.The calculated binding energies are very close to the experimental ones.The calculations show that the first excited state (1p1/2) in 9B,the first excited state (2s1/2)in 13 N and the second excited state(2s1/2) in 15N are weakly bound .In particular,for 13N and 15N,the proton density distributions in the two above excited states have a long tail and the rms radii of the last proton are greatly larger compared with their respective matter radii.It is predicted that a proton halo exists in the first excited state of 13N and in the second excited state of 15N,respectively.It also indicates that the first excited state in 9B is a proton skin state.     

离子辐照石墨生成的纳米尺寸Ar泡

用60keV的Ni⁺和Ar⁺在相同实验条件下,先后分别辐照同一块石墨靶,剂量均为10¹⁸/cm².带能量色散X射线分析和电子衍射分析的高分辨透射电子显微镜观察和分析发现,尺寸不同的纳米Ar泡嵌在类玻璃碳薄片中,部分泡内的Ar可能已形成固体结构.     

Studies on the exotic structure of 23Al

The longitudinal momentum distribution (P_//) of fragments after one-proton removal from ²³Al and reaction cross sections (σ_R) for ^23,24Al on carbon target at 74A MeV have been measured simultaneously. An enhancement in σ_R is observed for ²³Al compared with ²⁴Al. The full width at half maximum of the P_// distribution for ²²Mg fragments has been determined to be 232±28 MeV/c. Analysis of P_// using the Few-Body Glauber Model indicates a dominant d-wave configuration for the valence proton in the ground state of ²³Al. The exotic structure in ²³Al is discussed.     

Density effect of the neutron halo nucleus induced reactions in intermediate energy heavy ion collisions

Using an isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics (IQMD) model, we study the 15C induced reactions from 30-120 MeV/nucleon systematically. Here the valence neutron of 15C is assigned at both 1d5/2 and 2s1/2 states respectively in order to study the density effect of reaction mechanism. It is believed that the existent neutron halo structure at the 2s1/2 state of 15C will affect the light particle emission evidently. In our calculation, the different density distributions of 15C at two states are calculated by relativistic mean field (RMF) model and introduced in the initiation of IQMD model, respectively. It is found that some observables such as emission fragmentation multiplicity, emission neutron/proton ratio and emission neutrons’ kinetic energy spectrum are sensitive to the initial density distribution.