近红外光谱预处理中几种小波消噪方法的分析

以菜籽油的一阶导数近红外光谱为研究对象,探讨小波变换在近红外光谱信号消噪方面的应用,分别采用九点平滑法、小波分解与重构法、非线性小波软阈值法和小波变换模极大值法对导数光谱进行消噪处理并对消噪效果进行比较分析。结果表明,小波变换模极大值光谱消噪法得到了较高的信噪比,小波软阈值法次之,其余两种方法消噪效果较差。小波变换模极大值法有效的保留了光谱的有用信息,为近红外光谱的分析精度和模型的稳健性奠定了良好的基础。     

速比对混合层湍流参数影响的实验研究

本文使用PIV术对低高速侧速比为0.25、0.33和0.5时竖直通道内的混合层流动进行实验研究,基于速度差和通道水力直径的雷诺数范围15840～132000.研究发现混合层内湍流参数的分布不仅和雷诺数有关,还和速比有关.混合层内同一横截面上平均雷诺应力的最大值随雷诺数的增大而增大,而在同一横截面上相同雷诺数时雷诺应力的最大值则随速比的增大而减小.在同一横截面上平均涡量随雷诺数的增大而增大,雷诺数相同时平均涡量的最大值随速比的增大而增大.无量纲平均涡量的最大值随混合层的发展按指数规律衰减,速比越大衰减速度越快.     

基于小波变换的紫外光信号降噪处理

介绍了小波变换的基本理论以及利用小波变换进行信号处理的方法和步骤.选择db8小波对紫外光信号进行小波阈值降噪处理.实验结果表明采用小波阈值降噪法能够有效地抑制信号中的噪声,信噪比提高了8.519 2 dB.     

α-PbF_2中空纳米球的微乳溶剂热法制备与表征

通过溶剂热方法,采用水/环己烷/正戊醇/CTAB微乳体系,制备了α-PbF_2中空纳米球.并利用XRD和TEM对产物进行了表征.考察并探讨了体系中几种因素对其尺寸及形貌的影响以及在微乳液中的生长机制.结果表明:体系中表面活性剂CTAB的保护和生成硝酸的腐蚀是形成中空α-PbF_2的主要原因;另外,α-PbF_2中空纳米球的尺寸和壁厚可通过改变水与表面活性剂的摩尔比进行调控.     

铁离子在多齿配体功能化硅胶上的吸附研究

以自制的多齿配体功能化硅胶为吸附剂,探究了配体齿数对废水中常见重金属离子吸附的影响.研究结果表明,五齿配体亚氨基二琥珀酸-硅胶吸附剂对铁离子(Fe3+)的吸附能力最强,吸附量为14.4 mg/g.进一步探讨了此吸附剂对Fe3+的吸附动力学和热力学行为,考察了Fe3+浓度、温度、转速以及共存离子对吸附的影响,并对吸附剂的...     

常返随机游动局部时的增盆问题

本文讨论了常返随机游动局部时增量,获得了较好的结果.所得结果与Cs}ki和Foldes在〔1〕中所讨论的增量有木质的区别,而与Hanson等在〔2]中提出的随机变量的滞后和相对应     

非结构网格变形方法研究进展

动网格技术中的非结构网格变形是计算流体力学和计算固体力学的关键技术之一.本文在总结现有非结构网格变形方法的基础上, 提出了一种网格变形方法的详细分类, 将现有方法归类为虚拟结构法、偏微分方程法和代数法. 本文综述了各类方法的最新研究进展, 分析并比较了各类方法的特性, 评述了当前网格变形研究的几个主要方向:复杂结构外形在不规则变形下的动网格生成、三维动网格生成、并行动网格生成和动节点技术. 最后简要地探讨了该领域的发展趋势.      

列车荷载下海相沉积软土循环累积变形研究

以宁波轨道交通1号线②、③和④层海相沉积软土为对象,进行GDS单向振动三轴试验,研究了不同动应力幅值和频率作用下软土的动力学特性.结果表明：动力幅值越大,循环累积塑性变形越大,动应力的幅值大小对累积塑性变形有较明显的影响;在动应力为12kPa时,④层粘土的累积塑性应变比相同条件下②层和③层土的应变大;在相同动应力幅值时,②和④层土随频率增大,③层土则相反.最后,利用修正的指数模型对循环加载累积塑性应变的变化进行拟合,并得到了优化的模型参数.     

Quantum critical behavior in an antiferromagnetic heavy-fermion Kondo lattice system(Ce_(1-x)La_x)_2Ir_3Ge_5

The measurements on temperature dependences of magnetic susceptibility χ(T), specific heat C(T), and electrical resistivity ρ(T) were carried out for the antiferromagnetic(AFM)(Ce_(1-x)La_x)_2Ir_3Ge_5(0 ≤ x ≤ 0.66) system. It was found that the Neel temperature TNdecreases with increasing La content x, and reaches 0 K near a critical content xcr =0.6. A new phase diagram was constructed based on these measurements. A non-Fermi liquid behavior in ρ(T) and a log T relationship in C(T) were found in the samples near xcr, indicating them to be near an AFM quantum critical point(QCP) with strong spin fluctuation. Our finding indicates that(Ce_(1-x)La_x)_2Ir_3Ge_5 may be a new platform to search for unconventional superconductivity.     

Improved photovoltaic effects in Mn-doped BiFeO_3 ferroelectric thin films through band gap engineering

As a low-bandgap ferroelectric material, BiFeO_3 has gained wide attention for the potential photovoltaic applications,since its photovoltaic effect in visible light range was reported in 2009. In the present work, Bi(Fe, Mn)O_3thin films are fabricated by pulsed laser deposition method, and the effects of Mn doping on the microstructure, optical, leakage,ferroelectric and photovoltaic characteristics of Bi(Fe, Mn)O_3 thin films are systematically investigated. The x-ray diffraction data indicate that Bi(Fe, Mn)O_3 thin films each have a rhombohedrally distorted perovskite structure. From the light absorption results, it follows that the band gap of Bi(Fe, Mn)O_3 thin films can be tuned by doping different amounts of Mn content. More importantly, photovoltaic measurement demonstrates that the short-circuit photocurrent density and the open-circuit voltage can both be remarkably improved through doping an appropriate amount of Mn content, leading to the fascinating fact that the maximum power output of ITO/BiFe_(0.7)Mn_(0.3)O_3/Nb-STO capacitor is about 175 times higher than that of ITO/BiFeO_3/Nb-STO capacitor. The improvement of photovoltaic response in Bi(Fe, Mn)O_3 thin film can be reasonably explained as being due to absorbing more visible light through bandgap engineering and maintaining the ferroelectric property at the same time.