提高飞秒超强激光脉冲对比度的新方法

文章在简要描述飞秒超强激光脉冲对比度有关概念及其测量方法的基础上,介绍了空间滤波和时间滤波,以及提高注入脉冲种子对比度和强度的技术,环形腔放大技术,光参量啁啾脉冲放大技术（OPCPA）,双啁啾脉冲放大技术（DCPA）,采用高阶非线性晶体滤波等几种提高对比度的新方法和新技术.采用这些方法和技术,在最近一两年的时间里,人们成功地将多年来徘徊在106量级的飞秒超强激光脉冲对比度,提高到了1011的新水平,从而为强场物理的研究提供了更为理想的光源.     

Electron Dynamics and Characteristics of Attosecond Electromagnetic Emissions in Relativistic Laser-Plasma Interactions

Generation of attosecond electromagnetic(EM) pulses and the associated electron dynamics are studied using particle-in-cell simulations of relativistic laser pulses interacting with over-dense plasma foil targets. The interaction process is found to be so complicated even in the situation of utilizing driving laser pulses of only one cycle. Two electron bunches closely involved in the laser-driven wavebreaking process contribute to attosecond EM pulses through the coherent synchrotron emission process whose spectra are found to follow an exponential decay rule. Detailed investigations of electron dynamics indicate that the early part of the reflected EM emission is the high-harmonics produced through the relativistic oscillating mirror mechanism. High harmonics are also found to be generated through the Bremsstrahlung radiation by one electron bunch that participates in the wavebreaking process and decelerates when it experiences the local wavebreaking-generated high electrostatic field in the moving direction.     

A 12.1-W SESAM mode-locked Yb:YAG thin disk laser

Pumped by a 940 nm fiber-coupled diode laser, a passively mode-locked Yb:YAG thin disk oscillator was demonstrated with a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror(SESAM). 12.1 W mode-locked pulses were obtained with pulse duration of 698 fs at the repetition rate of 57.43 MHz. Measurement showed that the beam quality was close to the diffraction limit.     

A 515-nm laser-pumped idler-resonant femtosecond BiB3O6 optical parametric oscillator

We report on an idler-resonant femtosecond optical parametrical oscillator(OPO)based on BiB₃O₆(BiBO)crystal,synchronously pumped by a frequency-doubled,mode-locked Yb:KGW laser at 515 nm.The idler wavelengths of OPO can be tuned from 1100 nm to 1540 nm.At a repetition rate of 75.5 MHz,the OPO generates as much as 400 mW of idler power with 3.1 W of pump power,the corresponding pulse duration is 80 fs,which is 1.04 times of Fourier transform-limited(FTL)pulse duration at 1305 nm.In addition,the OPO exhibits excellent beam quality with M²<1.8 at 1150 nm.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first idler-resonant femtosecond OPO pumped by 515 nm.     

The characteristics of confined ablation in laser propulsion

Compared with direct ablation, confined ablation provides an effective way to obtain a large target momentum and a high coupling coefficient. By using a transparent glass layer to cover the target surface, the coupling coefficient is enhanced by an order of magnitude. With the increase of the gap width between the target surface and the cover layer, the coupling coefficient exponentially decreases. It is found that the coupling coefficient is also related to the thickness of the cover layer.     

振动不敏感球形光学参考腔研究

本文主要研究用于超稳激光研制的实验室内水平放置的球参考腔的振动敏感度问题.研究了支撑点高度和支撑面积对腔长变化的影响,并讨论了加速度大小的变化对腔长变化的影响.在支撑点完全固定的情况下,振动敏感度被降低到3.0×10-10/g以内.通过大量的数值模拟获得了球参考腔的最佳支撑位置.根据优化的结果提出了这种切割球参考腔放置平台的方案.考虑了加工误差、近水平放置和非对称支撑对参考腔振动敏感度的影响,定量地给出了这三种因素引起的腔长改变量,而且讨论了二阶效应对腔长变化的贡献.     

钛宝石激光抽运的被动锁模Tm:YAG陶瓷激光实验研究

本文采用连续钛宝石激光作抽运,掺杂浓度为6 at.%、长度为2.7 mm的Tm:YAG陶瓷作增益介质,通过引入半导体饱和吸收体获得了稳定的被动锁模运转.实验中获得的激光锁模功率为116.5 mW,中心波长为2007 nm,重复频率为109 MHz,通过自行搭建的腔外非共线强度自相关测量得到的脉冲宽度是55 ps.     

高反射效率高定向性的热解石墨晶体X射线谱仪

基于高定向热解石墨晶体(highly oriented pyrolitic graphite,HOPG)研制了一种新型反射式X射线谱仪.该谱仪具有高反射效率、较高能谱分辨率及相对较宽的能谱测量范围.根据计算,在相同的入射条件下,该谱仪的效率比一般X射线弯晶谱仪高3个量级;谱仪能谱分辨率理论值最高达350;理论探测范围是6.891keV至9.193 keV.我们将该谱仪应用在高功率密度激光与固体靶相互作用的实验中,发现在普通弯晶谱仪无法采到信号的实验条件下,HOPG谱仪依然采集到清晰的Cu K谱线.分析发现在8.048 keV(Cu的Kα光子能量)附近的能谱分辨能力最高达到40 eV,分辨率大于200.     

采用环形再生腔结构的飞秒激光啁啾脉冲放大研究

采用环形再生腔结构的啁啾脉冲放大技术方案, 在重复频率100 Hz,单脉冲能量33.1 mJ的532 nm激光抽运下, 从钛宝石激光中获得了单脉冲能量9.84 mJ的放大输出, 对应的斜效率达33.1%.在重复频率10 Hz的情况下, 同样获得了单脉冲能量为9.64 mJ, 对应斜效率达36.8%的高效率放大结果. 通过色散补偿压缩该啁啾激光脉冲后的单脉冲能量为6.36 mJ, 脉冲宽度为59.7 fs. 测量结果表明典型的能量不稳定度为1.85%. 关键词： 啁啾脉冲放大 再生放大 飞秒激光 环形腔     

对超短脉冲强激光在大气通道中产生的三次谐波偏振特性及白光光谱调制特性的研究

研究了超短脉冲强激光在大气中传输产生电离通道后辐射的三次谐波强度随激光偏振的变化.此外，还研究了产生的白光辐射在短波长上的有规律的谱调制，分析了白光谱调制的产生机理. 关键词： 超短脉冲激光 大气通道 超连续辐射 三次谐波