直接内重整熔融碳酸盐燃料电池中甲烷蒸汽重整催化剂探索性研究

选择甲烷蒸汽重整催化剂用于直接内重整熔融碳酸盐燃料电池(DIR-MCFC)中,并考察了DIR-MCFC的性能,讨论了电池放电量、气体压力、燃料气进料水/碳比(S/C)等因素对该催化剂性能的影响.结果表明,重整催化剂能够满足电池放电需求;放电量大小影响电池内的H2含量,但对CH4含量影响不大;当气体压力为0.36MPa时...     

Constructions of partitioned difference families

Partitioned difference families (PDFs) arise from constructions of optimum constant composition codes. In this paper, a number of infinite classes of PDFs are constructed, based on known cyclotomic difference families in GF(q). A general approach which obtains PDFs from difference packings and coverings in abelian group is also presented.     

Rigid ferrocenophane and its metal complexes with transition and alkaline-earth metal ions

The rigid [6]ferrocenophane, L¹, was synthesised by condensation of 1,1′-ferrocene dicarbaldehyde with trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane in high dilution at r.t. followed by reduction. When other experimental conditions were employed, the [6,6,6]ferrocenephane (L²) was also obtained. Both compounds were characterised by single crystal X-ray crystallography. The protonation of L¹ and its metal complexation were evaluated by the effect on the electron-transfer process of the ferrocene (fc) unit of L¹ using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) in anhydrous CH₃CN solution and in 0.1 M ⁿBu₄NPF₆ as the supporting electrolyte. The electrochemical process of L¹ between −300 and 900 mV is complicated by amine oxidation. On the other hand, an anodic shift from the fc/fc⁺ wave of L¹ of 249, 225, 81 and 61 mV was observed by formation of Zn²⁺, Ni²⁺, Pd²⁺ and Cu²⁺ complexes, respectively. Whereas Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ only have with L¹ weak interactions and they promote the acid-base equilibrium of L¹. This reveals that L¹ is an interesting molecular redox sensor for detection of Zn²⁺ and Ni²⁺, although the kinetics of the Zn²⁺ complex formation is much faster than that of the Ni²⁺ one. The X-ray crystal structure of [PdL¹Cl₂] was determined and showed a square–planar environment with Pd(II) and Fe(II) centres separated by 3.781(1) Å. The experimental anodic shifts were elucidated by DFT calculations on the [ML¹Cl₂] series and they are related to the nature of the HOMO of these complexes and a four-electron, two-orbital interaction.     

柚皮苷分子印迹膜的水相制备与识别

以柚皮苷为印迹分子,PEG为致孔剂,在水相中制备了柚皮苷分子印迹壳聚糖膜.分别讨论了交联剂、致孔剂和印迹分子的用量对印迹膜结构和性能的影响.用SEM观察了致孔剂对印迹膜形貌及孔径的影响.紫外吸收光谱分析、柚皮苷在不同体系中的溶解度变化,以及红外光谱分析的结果表明功能聚合物壳聚糖和模板分子柚皮苷间形成了氢键.膜的渗透实验结果表明,在水相中,柚皮苷分子印迹膜能有效地从新橙皮苷和柚皮苷的混合液中分离出印迹分子柚皮苷,选择透过率为11.16%.     

Mesoporous TiO2/SiO2 composite nanofibers with selective photocatalytic properties

Mesoporous TiO2/SiO2 composite nanofibers with a diameter of 100-200 nm and silica shell thickness of 5-50 nm have been fabricated by a sol-gel combined two-capillary co-electrospinning method; the composite nanofibers exhibited selective photocatalytic activity based on the decomposition of Methylene Blue, Active Yellow and Disperse Red.     

铟(Ⅲ)-向红菲啰啉络合物极谱吸附波的研究

在pH=3.8的磷酸柠檬酸盐缓冲体系中,铟(Ⅲ)-向红菲(口罗)啉络合物在单扫描示波极谱仪上于-0.67 V(vs.SCE)处产生一灵敏的吸附还原波,其二阶导数波灵敏度高,波形好.峰电位Ⅰ~O_P与钢(Ⅲ)浓度在 2.0X10~(-8)~2.0X10~(-6)mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,其检测限为8X10~(-9)mol/L铟(Ⅲ).该法用于试剂氧化锌和镀膜玻璃中铟(Ⅲ)的恻定,结果较好.     

Suppressed anion chromatography using mixed zwitter-ionic and carbonate eluents

Effect of mixed eluents which contain zwitterions such as 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES), 3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid (MOPS), 2-(cyclohexylamino)ethanesulfonic acid (CHES) and 3-(cyclohexylamino)-1-propanesulfonic acid (CAPS) and carbonate for suppressed conductivity ion chromatography (IC) were studied. The retention behaviors of all species were affected with different anion exchange columns when adding some zwitterion into carbonate eluent. The retention time of all species, especially those of strong retetion, was substantially shortened in AS14A column with either Na(2)CO(3)/CHES or Na(2)CO(3)/CAPS as eluent while a general increase in retetion time was noticed in AS9-HC column. Low pH of eluent was achieved when zwitterion was added. Without much changes in the background conductivity after suppressed, CHES could be used as suppressed conductivity ion chromatography eluent for determination of species unstable in strong alkaline, such as determination of phosphate in heteropoly acid (HPA) samples in AS14 column. The mixed eluent could also affect the selectivity when it was applied to the study of simultaneous separation of anions and cations in AS9-HC column by suppressed ion chromatography.     

对称向量拟均衡问题有效解的存在性

利用标量化方法建立对称向量拟均衡问题有效解的存在性定理.作为标量化方法的应用,利用这一方法得到向量变分不等式和拟向量变分不等式有效解的存在性定理.     

Ferrocenylimidazoline palladacycles as efficient catalysts for the aza‐Claisen rearrangement reaction of allylic imidates

Chloride‐bridged palladacycle dimers 1 have been evaluated as catalysts for the aza‐Claisen rearrangement of allylic imidates 2 to the corresponding allyl amides 3 . Cyclopalladated complexes 1b–e bearing electron‐donating substituents on imidazoline ring were identified as being superior catalysts because excellent yields were obtained without using silver salts for activation. In addition, a correlation between substituents on the imidazoline ring and catalytic activity of palladacycles was established. The electron‐deficient ligands and good solubility of catalysts in the reaction solution increase the catalytic activity. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Hydrogen dangling bonds induce ferromagnetism in two-dimensional metal-free graphitic-C3N4 nanosheets

Ferromagnetic two-dimensional (2D) ultrathin nanosheets hold great promise for next generation electronics. Ferromagnetic metal-free materials that usually possess only an s/p electronic configuration with weak spin–orbit coupling and a large spin relaxation time, would play an important role in constructing future spintronic devices. However, the absence of an intrinsic spin ordering structure in most metal-free materials greatly hampers the widening scope of ferromagnetic 2D nanostructures as well as in-depth understanding of their ferromagnetic nature. Herein, the induction of intrinsic ferromagnetism in 2D metal-free g-C₃N₄ ultrathin nanosheets has been achieved through a new effective strategy whereby hydrogen dangling bonds are introduced. In our case, g-C₃N₄ ultrathin nanosheets with hydrogen dangling bonds showed obvious room temperature ferromagnetic behavior that could even be tuned by the concentration of hydrogen. This work will pave a new pathway to engineer the properties of 2D nanomaterial systems.